On Becoming a Reader

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On Becoming a Reader

• Stanley L. Swartz, Ph.D.
• Director, Foundation for CELL, ExLL, Second
  Chance
• Professor of Education, California State
  University
• Distinguished Professor, Universidad Autónoma de
  Baja California

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The Politics of Education
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Scientific Research

• Medical Model
• Random Trials
• Cause and Effect vs. Correlation

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• Pain medication
• Hormone therapy
• ADHD drugs
• Fat

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No Child Left BehindSynthesis of Reading Research

• Phonemic awareness
• The ability of notice, think about, and work with
  individual sounds in spoken language.
• Phonics
• The relationship between the letter (graphemes)
  of written language and the individual sounds
  (phonemes) of spoken language
• Fluency
• The ability to read a text accurately and quickly
• Vocabulary
• The words we must know to communicate effectively
  (both oral and reading)
• Text comprehension
• Understanding what is read

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Phonics Versus Whole Languageor Balanced Literacy
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Phonemic Awareness
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Language Acquisition

• Number of words professional parents speak to
  their toddler each hour
• 2,100
• Number for those in poverty
• 600
• Words in vocabulary for children age 5 from
  low-income homes
• 5,000
• For children from middle class
• 20,000

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• gottalkfatherfoxboughtcaught

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• gotcaught

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• got cotcaught taught

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washWashingtonaskaks
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• Buddy youre an old man poor man
• Pleadin with your eyes gonna make you some peace
  some day
• You got mud on your face
• You big disgrace
• Somebody better put you back in your place

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Phonics
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ough
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thoughthroughtroughrough
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A rough-coated, dough-faced, thoughtful ploughman
strode through the streets of Scarborough after
falling into a slough, he coughed and hiccoughed.
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1 in 5 English verbs began life as a noun.
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can kill run chair skirt beltpaper do walk face
fencetable dress book pencilcheck boot play
dance stripsail ski wire wager cookpolice sweat
kiss hug neckdole foil cost account back
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The Blew Flew

• This is a story about a buoy named Reed and his
  terrible case of the flew. Reeds parents owned
  an in down on South Street. Know won really ever
  went down that weigh. Reed liked it that weigh
  though. One day Reed got so board he side and
  lied down on the stares and just staired at the
  dough who eight his flour garden. Reed didnt
  care because he was so board. He didnt have
  anything to dew. Thyme flue bye. When he woke up
  his face was a site to sea. It looked read and
  pail and he felt like he wood dye. He felt week
  and his stomach was in a not. He went inside and
  tolled his mom. She took his temperature and she
  said, Reed, you have the flew. Then his knows
  started to run so he blue it and they went to the
  dock to sea what was wrong with him and sea if he
  really had the flew. It terned out he did.
  Clothes up your mouth and choo these ate pills
  four the next weak, said the dock. Sew they
  headed back home on the rode. Buy knight, they
  were back home and Reed went to bed as fast as
  you could figure out the homonyms in this story.

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produce intimate refuse bass desert dove w
ound object close invalid sewer row wind
does tear sow number subject evening
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Make a phonics rule

• console
• produce
• project
• rebel
• reject
• contest

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The letter c

• Hard and soft
• Cat
• Cereal
• Ch
• Church
• Choir
• Sh
• Champagne
• Ocean
• Q
• Choir
• Silent
• Indict

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Troublesome Verbs

• come, go, do, take, have, set, get, put, stand,
  get
• get

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• get in, get out, get up, get down, get me, get
  you, get going, get out of town, get away, get
  back, get real, get bent, get on with it, get a
  life, get a grip, get it on, get mine, get yours,
  get with it, get into it, get a handle on it, get
  even, get stoned, get screwed

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Fluency
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• The boys arrows were nearly gone so they sat
  down on the grass and stopped hunting. Over at
  the edge of the woods they saw Henry making a bow
  to a small girl who was coming down the road. She
  had tears in her dress and tears in her eye. She
  gave Henry a note which he brought over to the
  group of young hunters. Read to the boys, it
  caused great excitement. After a minute but rapid
  examination of their weapons, they ran down to
  the valley. Does were standing at the edge of the
  lake, making an excellent target.

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Vocabulary
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• Hear the one about the fashionista and his arm
  candy who live in parallel universes, prefer chat
  rooms and text messaging to snailmail, suffer
  sticker shock at the cost of pashminas and like
  chick lit or airport novels.

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English Language Learners
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Idioms

• Eat your heart out
• Beat around the bush
• Line-up

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English is a difficult language because of its
irregularity.
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• what kind
• kind of
• be kind
• in-kind

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Color
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Redlands school pic
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Red

• Turned red, meaning angry
• Red-faced, embarrassed
• Red, communist
• Red blooded American, patriotic
• In the red, in debt
• Red state, was this Republican or Democrat, I
  forget
• Red hot, very hot
• Red hot lover, hot in a different way

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Literal Language Translation

• English to Spanish to English
• I like you very much
• Will you be my friend?
• If so, please shake your head.
• Tengo gusto de usted mucho.
• Voluntad usted sea mi amigo.
• Si es asi sacudara por favor su cabeza.
• I have taste of you much.
• Will you be my friend.
• If its head is thus sacudara please.

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Literal Language Translation

• English to French to English
• I like you very much.
• Will you be my friend?
• If so, please shake your head.
• Je vous ame beaucoup.
• Volonte vous soyez mon ami.
• Si oui, secouez sup votre tete.
• I love you much.
• Will you are my friend.
• If so, shake your head please.

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Literal Language Translation

• German to French to English
• Ich mag sie viel.
• Wille sind Sie mein Freund.
• Wenn ja bitte Ihren Kopf rutteln.
• Je vous veux beaucoup.
• Volonte vous estes mon ami.
• Si votre tete agiter sil vous plait.
• I want you much.
• Well you are my friend.
• If your head to agitate please.

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• Spanish taste
• French love
• German want

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Teaching reading through vocabulary.
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Vocabulary and Comprehension

• are making
• between only
• consists often
• continuously with
• corresponding one
• curve points
• draws relation
• variation set
• graph table
• if values
• isolated variables
• known

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• If the known relation between the variables
  consists of a table of corresponding values, the
  graph consists only of the corresponding set of
  isolated points. If the variables are known to
  vary continuously, one often draws a curve to
  show the variation.
• Textbook of Basic College Math

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Comprehension

• I comprehend. I understand. I have the meaning.

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I Get It.

• The light just came on.
• I see what you mean.
• I have the idea.
• Its as clear as a bell.
• Ive had an ah ha!
• I have figured it out.

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Or not.

• I dont get it.
• Its all Greek to me.
• Its as clear as mud.
• Its all beyond me.
• Im in the dark.
• What is the point?

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• The procedure is actually quite simple. First
  you arrange things into different groups. Of
  course, one pile may be sufficient depending on
  how much there is to do. If you have to go
  somewhere else due to lack of facilities that is
  the next step, otherwise you are pretty well set.
  It is important not to over do things. That is,
  it is better to do too few things at once than
  too many. In the short run this may not seem
  important, but complications can easily arise. A
  mistake can be expensive as well. At first the
  whole procedure will seem complicated. Soon,
  however, it will become just another facet of
  life. It is difficult to forsee any end to the
  necessity for this task in the immediate future,
  but then one can never tell. After the procedure
  is completed one arranges the materials into
  different groups again. Then they can be put into
  their appropriate places. Eventually they will be
  used once more and the whole cycle will then have
  to be repeated. However, this is part of life.

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Washing clothes
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• One way to reach comprehension is word meaning.
• We often think a synonym might help us establish
  that meaning.
• So in a thesaurus these are the synonyms for the
  verb abandon
• forsake, relinquish, give up, desert, leave,
  quit.
• This helps us, right? Can they be used as
  substitutes? Lets see?

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• A man forsakes his wife, abandons all hope of
  regaining her lost esteem, relinquishes his
  pretensions in favor of another, gives up his
  place of trust in the government, deserts his
  party, leaves his parents in affliction, and
  quits his country forever.

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English is difficult.Other considerations
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• hawks
• dogs
• horses
• walked
• jogged
• patted

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• or as in or, for
• ar as in far, tar

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• war, Swartz

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• flug

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• flugged

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Verbs in a Million Words

• be 39,175
• have 12,458
• do 4,367
• say 2,765
• make 2,312
• go 1,844
• take 1,575
• come 1,561
• see 1,513
• get 1,486

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• In the novel, David Copperfield, the phrase had
  had is used 63 times, as in he had had a good
  time at the party.
• In Pilgrims Progress, the phrase that that was
  used 10 times, as in that that is mine, is mine,
  that that is yours is yours, had had was only
  used 3 times.
• So you can say, that that had that that ten
  times but had had had had only three times was
  Pilgrims Progress.

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• From the Chesire Cat, I dream often of oysters,
  sometimes I even dream of them playing the piano.
  
• So an oyster can play the piano?
• No, I dream about them when Im playing the
  piano.

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• When there are two people and one of them is
  left, who is left? The person who is left or the
  person who has left? I mean, they cant both be
  left, can they?

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• You should encourage me not to not to.

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Spelling
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• Aoccdrnig to a rscheearch at Cmadbrigde
  Uinervtisy, it deosnt mttaer in what order the
  ltteers in a word are, the only iprmoetnt thing
  is that the frist and lsat ltteer be at the rghit
  pclae. The rset can be a total mses and you can
  still raed it wouthit porbelm. This is bcuseae
  the human mind deos not raed ervey lteter by
  istlef, but the word as a wlohe.

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Punctuation
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• A woman without her man is nothing

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• A woman, without her man, is nothing.
• A woman without her, man is nothing.

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• Charles the First walked and talked half an hour
  after his head was cut off

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• Charles the First walked and talked. Half an
  hour after, his head was cut off.

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• Am I looking at my dinner or the dogs.
• Am I looking at my dinner or the dogs.

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• Protestants and Catholics
• Verily I say unto thee this day thou shalt be
  with me in Paradise.

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• Verily, I say unto thee, this day thou shalt be
  with me in Paradise.
• Verily I say unto you this day, thou shalt be
  with me in Paradise.

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Word Order

• A young woman looking for a husband
• A husband looking for a young woman

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The Reading ProcessSources of Information

• Phonics
• Letter/sounds
• Does it look/sound right?
• Comprehension
• Meaning
• Knowledge/experience
• Does it make sense?

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Reading Behaviors

• Monitoring
• Comparing sources of information
• Fluency
• Correction

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• Professional development for teachers is the
  most important decision we can make

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• High quality professional development
• Coaching
• Long term support

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Baseball

• Learn all of the skills
• Catch
• Throw
• Hit
• Run the bases

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• reanderageible

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THE WOGGILY THENK SQUONKED ZURRILY MIRE THE HERP.

• What squonked?
• How did it squonk?
• Where did it squonk zurrily?
• What kind of thenk is it?
• Draw a woggily thenk.
• Why did it squonk mire the herp?

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Spotted in a toilet of a London office

• TOILET OUT OF ORDER. PLEASE USE FLOOR BELOW

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In a Laundromat

• AUTOMATIC WASHING MACHINES PLEASE REMOVE ALL
  YOUR CLOTHES WHEN THE LIGHT GOES OUT

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In an office

• AFTER TEA BREAK STAFF SHOULD EMPTY THE TEAPOT
  AND STAND UPSIDE DOWN ON THE DRAINING BOARD

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Outside a secondhand shop

• WE EXCHANGE ANYTHING - BICYCLES, WASHING
  MACHINES, ETC. WHY NOT BRING YOUR WIFE ALONG AND
  GET A WONDERFUL BARGAIN?

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Seen during a conference

• FOR ANYONE WHO HAS CHILDREN AND DOESNT KNOW IT,
  THERE IS A DAY CARE ON THE 1ST FLOOR

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