Acids

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Acids Lesson 5 Acid and Base Definitions
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Acid and Base Definitions Bronsted Arrhenius
Acid Base Acid Base proton donor proton
acceptor ionizes to H ionizes to OH-   Strong
means completely.     Weak means partially.
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Definitions   1. Strong Arrhenius Acid-
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Definitions   1. Strong Arrhenius Acid-
completely ionizes in water to H    HCl
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Definitions   1. Strong Arrhenius Acid-
completely ionizes in water to H    HCl ? H Cl
-   2. Strong Bronsted Acid-
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Definitions   1. Strong Arrhenius Acid-
completely ionizes in water to H    HCl ? H Cl
-   2. Strong Bronsted Acid- completely donates a
proton to a base     HCl
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Definitions   1. Strong Arrhenius Acid-
completely ionizes in water to H    HCl ? H Cl
-   2. Strong Bronsted Acid- completely donates a
proton to a base     HCl H2O
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Definitions   1. Strong Arrhenius Acid-
completely ionizes in water to H    HCl ? H Cl
-   2. Strong Bronsted Acid- completely donates a
proton to a base     HCl H2O ? H3O Cl-
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3. Strong Arrhenius Base-
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3. Strong Arrhenius Base- completely ionizes in
water to OH-    
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3. Strong Arrhenius Base- completely ionizes in
water to OH-    KOH
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3. Strong Arrhenius Base- completely ionizes in
water to OH-    KOH ? K OH- 4. Strong
Bronsted Base-
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3. Strong Arrhenius Base- completely ionizes in
water to OH-    KOH ? K OH- 4. Strong
Bronsted Base- completely accepts a proton from
an acid     
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3. Strong Arrhenius Base- completely ionizes in
water to OH-    KOH ? K OH- 4. Strong
Bronsted Base- completely accepts a proton from
an acid     NH2-
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3. Strong Arrhenius Base- completely ionizes in
water to OH-    KOH ? K OH- 4. Strong
Bronsted Base- completely accepts a proton from
an acid     NH2- H2O
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3. Strong Arrhenius Base- completely ionizes in
water to OH-    KOH ? K OH- 4. Strong
Bronsted Base- completely accepts a proton from
an acid     NH2- H2O ? NH3 OH-
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5. Weak Arrhenius Acid
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5. Weak Arrhenius Acid- partially ionizes in
water to H  
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5. Weak Arrhenius Acid- partially ionizes in
water to H    HF
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5. Weak Arrhenius Acid- partially ionizes in
water to H    HF ? H F-   6. Weak Bronsted
Acid-
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5. Weak Arrhenius Acid- partially ionizes in
water to H    HF ? H F-   6. Weak Bronsted
Acid- partially donates a proton to a base     HF
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5. Weak Arrhenius Acid- partially ionizes in
water to H    HF ? H F-   6. Weak Bronsted
Acid- partially donates a proton to a
base     HF H2O
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5. Weak Arrhenius Acid- partially ionizes in
water to H    HF ? H F-   6. Weak Bronsted
Acid- partially donates a proton to a
base     HF H2O ? H3O F-
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7. Weak Arrhenius Base
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7. Weak Arrhenius Base- partially ionizes in
water to OH-  
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7. Weak Arrhenius Base- partially ionizes in
water to OH-    Mg(OH)2
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7. Weak Arrhenius Base- partially ionizes in
water to OH-    Mg(OH)2 ? Mg2 2OH- 8. Weak
Bronsted Base
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7. Weak Arrhenius Base- partially ionizes in
water to OH-    Mg(OH)2 ? Mg2 2OH- 8. Weak
Bronsted Base- partially accepts a proton from an
acid     NH3
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7. Weak Arrhenius Base- partially ionizes in
water to OH-    Mg(OH)2 ? Mg2 2OH- 8. Weak
Bronsted Base- partially accepts a proton from an
acid     NH3 H2O
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7. Weak Arrhenius Base- partially ionizes in
water to OH-    Mg(OH)2 ? Mg2 2OH- 8. Weak
Bronsted Base- partially accepts a proton from an
acid     NH3 H2O ? NH4 OH-
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Memorize the following   NH3 is a weak base when
in water   NH4 is an weak acid   H2O is an acid
when with a base and a base when with an acid and
is amphiprotic H2O is always neutral when
pure   Write two reactions showing water acting
as an acid and a base. H2O NH3 ? NH4 OH- ac
id H2O HIO3 ? H3O IO3- base
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Acid Anhydride   Means an Acid without water Add
water and you get an acid They are nonmetal
oxides Add water Add the H's and O's Make an
acid Simplify
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Acid Anhydride   Means an Acid without water Add
water and you get an acid They are nonmetal
oxides Add water Add the H's and O's Make an
acid Simplify SO2 H2O ?
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Acid Anhydride   Means an Acid without water Add
water and you get an acid They are nonmetal
oxides Add water Add the H's and O's Make an
acid Simplify SO2 H2O ? H2SO3
  CO2 H2O ?
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Acid Anhydride   Means an Acid without water Add
water and you get an acid They are nonmetal
oxides Add water Add the H's and O's Make an
acid Simplify SO2 H2O ? H2SO3
  CO2 H2O ? H2CO3   N2O5 H2O ?
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Acid Anhydride   Means an Acid without water Add
water and you get an acid They are nonmetal
oxides Add water Add the H's and O's Make an
acid Simplify SO2 H2O ? H2SO3
  CO2 H2O ? H2CO3   N2O5 H2O ? H2N2O6

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Acid Anhydride   Means an Acid without water Add
water and you get an acid They are nonmetal
oxides Add water Add the H's and O's Make an
acid Simplify SO2 H2O ? H2SO3
  CO2 H2O ? H2CO3   N2O5 H2O ? H2N2O6
? 2HNO3   Cl2O7 H2O ?
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Acid Anhydride   Means an Acid without water Add
water and you get an acid They are nonmetal
oxides Add water Add the H's and O's Make an
acid Simplify SO2 H2O ? H2SO3
  CO2 H2O ? H2CO3   N2O5 H2O ? H2N2O6
? 2HNO3   Cl2O7 H2O ? H2Cl2O8
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Acid Anhydride   Means an Acid without water Add
water and you get an acid They are nonmetal
oxides Add water Add the H's and O's Make an
acid Simplify SO2 H2O ? H2SO3
  CO2 H2O ? H2CO3   N2O5 H2O ? H2N2O6
? 2HNO3   Cl2O7 H2O ? H2Cl2O8 ?
2HClO4   C2O3 H2O ?
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Acid Anhydride   Means an Acid without water Add
water and you get an acid They are nonmetal
oxides Add water Add the H's and O's Make an
acid Simplify SO2 H2O ? H2SO3
  CO2 H2O ? H2CO3   N2O5 H2O ? H2N2O6
? 2HNO3   Cl2O7 H2O ? H2Cl2O8 ?
2HClO4   C2O3 H2O ? H2C2O4    I2O5 H2O ?

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Acid Anhydride   Means an Acid without water Add
water and you get an acid They are nonmetal
oxides Add water Add the H's and O's Make an
acid Simplify SO2 H2O ? H2SO3
  CO2 H2O ? H2CO3   N2O5 H2O ? H2N2O6
? 2HNO3   Cl2O7 H2O ? H2Cl2O8 ?
2HClO4   C2O3 H2O ? H2C2O4    I2O5 H2O ?
H2I2O6
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Acid Anhydride   Means an Acid without water Add
water and you get an acid They are nonmetal
oxides Add water Add the H's and O's Make an
acid Simplify SO2 H2O ? H2SO3
  CO2 H2O ? H2CO3   N2O5 H2O ? H2N2O6
? 2HNO3 Cl2O7 H2O ? H2Cl2O8 ?
2HClO4   C2O3 H2O ? H2C2O4    I2O5 H2O ?
H2I2O6 ? 2HIO3
All can be found on the acid chart
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Basic anhydride   Means a base without water Add
water and you get a base They are metal
oxides Add water Add the H's and O's Make an
base- start with a metal K2O  
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Basic anhydride   Means a base without water Add
water and you get a base They are metal
oxides Add water Add the H's and O's Make an
base- start with a metal K2O H2O ?
2KOH     CaO  
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Basic anhydride   Means a base without water Add
water and you get a base They are metal
oxides Add water Add the H's and O's Make an
base- start with a metal K2O H2O ?
2KOH     CaO H2O ? Ca(OH)2     Na2O  
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Basic anhydride   Means a base without water Add
water and you get a base They are metal
oxides Add water Add the H's and O's Make an
base- start with a metal K2O H2O ?
2KOH     CaO H2O ? Ca(OH)2     Na2O
H2O ? 2NaOH     BaO  
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Basic anhydride   Means a base without water Add
water and you get a base They are metal
oxides Add water Add the H's and O's Make an
base- start with a metal K2O H2O ?
2KOH     CaO H2O ? Ca(OH)2     Na2O
H2O ? 2NaOH     BaO H2O ? Ba(OH)2  
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Classify each formula and write an
equation. strong acid weak acid strong
base weak base acid anhydride basic anhydride.
HNO3
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Classify each formula and write an
equation. strong acid weak acid strong
base weak base acid anhydride basic anhydride.
HNO3 Strong acid
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Classify each formula and write an
equation. strong acid weak acid strong
base weak base acid anhydride basic anhydride.
HNO3 Strong acid HNO3 ? H
NO3- CO2
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Classify each formula and write an
equation. strong acid weak acid strong
base weak base acid anhydride basic anhydride.
HNO3 Strong acid HNO3 ? H
NO3- CO2 Acid Anhydride
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Classify each formula and write an
equation. strong acid weak acid strong
base weak base acid anhydride basic anhydride.
HNO3 Strong acid HNO3 ? H
NO3- CO2 Acid Anhydride CO2 H2O ?
H2CO3
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Classify each formula and write an
equation. strong acid weak acid strong
base weak base acid anhydride basic anhydride.
HNO3 Strong acid HNO3 ? H
NO3- CO2 Acid Anhydride CO2 H2O ?
H2CO3
But H2CO3 ionizes as a weak acid
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Classify each formula and write an
equation. strong acid weak acid strong
base weak base acid anhydride basic anhydride.
HNO3 Strong acid HNO3 ? H
NO3- CO2 Acid Anhydride CO2 H2O ?
H2CO3 H2CO3 ? H HCO3- Mg(OH)2
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Classify each formula and write an
equation. strong acid weak acid strong
base weak base acid anhydride basic anhydride.
HNO3 Strong acid HNO3 ? H
NO3- CO2 Acid Anhydride CO2 H2O ?
H2CO3 H2CO3 ? H HCO3- Mg(OH)2 Wea
k Base
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Classify each formula and write an
equation. strong acid weak acid strong
base weak base acid anhydride basic anhydride.
HNO3 Strong acid HNO3 ? H
NO3- CO2 Acid Anhydride CO2 H2O ?
H2CO3 H2CO3 ? H HCO3- Mg(OH)2 Wea
k Base Mg(OH)2 ? Mg2 2OH- H2C2O4
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Classify each formula and write an
equation. strong acid weak acid strong
base weak base acid anhydride basic anhydride.
HNO3 Strong acid HNO3 ? H
NO3- CO2 Acid Anhydride CO2 H2O ?
H2CO3 H2CO3 ? H HCO3- Mg(OH)2 Wea
k Base Mg(OH)2 ? Mg2
2OH- H2C2O4 Weak Acid
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Classify each formula and write an
equation. strong acid weak acid strong
base weak base acid anhydride basic anhydride.
HNO3 Strong acid HNO3 ? H
NO3- CO2 Acid Anhydride CO2 H2O ?
H2CO3 H2CO3 ? H HCO3- Mg(OH)2 Wea
k Base Mg(OH)2 ? Mg2
2OH- H2C2O4 Weak Acid H2C2O4 ? H
HC2O4- Rb2O
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Classify each formula and write an
equation. strong acid weak acid strong
base weak base acid anhydride basic anhydride.
HNO3 Strong acid HNO3 ? H
NO3- CO2 Acid Anhydride CO2 H2O ?
H2CO3 H2CO3 ? H HCO3- Mg(OH)2 Wea
k Base Mg(OH)2 ? Mg2
2OH- H2C2O4 Weak Acid H2C2O4 ? H
HC2O4- Rb2O Basic Anhydride
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Classify each formula and write an
equation. strong acid weak acid strong
base weak base acid anhydride basic anhydride.
HNO3 Strong acid HNO3 ? H
NO3- CO2 Acid Anhydride CO2 H2O ?
H2CO3 H2CO3 ? H HCO3- Mg(OH)2 Wea
k Base Mg(OH)2 ? Mg2
2OH- H2C2O4 Weak Acid H2C2O4 ? H
HC2O4- Rb2O Basic Anhydride Rb2O H2O ?
2RbOH
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Classify each formula and write an
equation. strong acid weak acid strong
base weak base acid anhydride basic anhydride.
HNO3 Strong acid HNO3 ? H
NO3- CO2 Acid Anhydride CO2 H2O ?
H2CO3 H2CO3 ? H HCO3- Mg(OH)2 Wea
k Base Mg(OH)2 ? Mg2
2OH- H2C2O4 Weak Acid H2C2O4 ? H
HC2O4- Rb2O Basic Anhydride Rb2O H2O ?
2RbOH
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Classify each formula and write an
equation. strong acid weak acid strong
base weak base acid anhydride basic anhydride.
HNO3 Strong acid HNO3 ? H
NO3- CO2 Acid Anhydride CO2 H2O ?
H2CO3 H2CO3 ? H HCO3- Mg(OH)2 Wea
k Base Mg(OH)2 ? Mg2
2OH- H2C2O4 Weak Acid H2C2O4 ? H
HC2O4- Rb2O Basic Anhydride Rb2O H2O ?
2RbOH RbOH ? Rb OH-
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Classify each formula and write an
equation. strong acid weak acid strong
base weak base acid anhydride basic anhydride.
NH2-
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Classify each formula and write an
equation. strong acid weak acid strong
base weak base acid anhydride basic anhydride.
NH2- Strong base
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Classify each formula and write an
equation. strong acid weak acid strong
base weak base acid anhydride basic anhydride.
NH2- Strong base NH2- H2O ? NH3
OH- CN-
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Classify each formula and write an
equation. strong acid weak acid strong
base weak base acid anhydride basic anhydride.
NH2- Strong base NH2- H2O ? NH3
OH- CN- Weak base
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Classify each formula and write an
equation. strong acid weak acid strong
base weak base acid anhydride basic anhydride.
NH2- Strong base NH2- H2O ? NH3
OH- CN- Weak base CN- H2O ? HCN
OH- NaOH
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Classify each formula and write an
equation. strong acid weak acid strong
base weak base acid anhydride basic anhydride.
NH2- Strong base NH2- H2O ? NH3
OH- CN- Weak base CN- H2O ? HCN
OH- NaOH Strong base
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Classify each formula and write an
equation. strong acid weak acid strong
base weak base acid anhydride basic anhydride.
NH2- Strong base NH2- H2O ? NH3
OH- CN- Weak base CN- H2O ? HCN
OH- NaOH Strong base NaOH ? Na
OH- CaO
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Classify each formula and write an
equation. strong acid weak acid strong
base weak base acid anhydride basic anhydride.
NH2- Strong base NH2- H2O ? NH3
OH- CN- Weak base CN- H2O ? HCN
OH- NaOH Strong base NaOH ? Na
OH- CaO Basic anhydride
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Classify each formula and write an
equation. strong acid weak acid strong
base weak base acid anhydride basic anhydride.
NH2- Strong base NH2- H2O ? NH3
OH- CN- Weak base CN- H2O ? HCN
OH- NaOH Strong base NaOH ? Na
OH- CaO Basic anhydride CaO H2O ?
Ca(OH)2
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Classify each formula and write an
equation. strong acid weak acid strong
base weak base acid anhydride basic anhydride.
NH2- Strong base NH2- H2O ? NH3
OH- CN- Weak base CN- H2O ? HCN
OH- NaOH Strong base NaOH ? Na
OH- CaO Basic anhydride CaO H2O ?
Ca(OH)2
But Ca(OH)2 ionizes as a weak base
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Classify each formula and write an
equation. strong acid weak acid strong
base weak base acid anhydride basic anhydride.
NH2- Strong base NH2- H2O ? NH3
OH- CN- Weak base CN- H2O ? HCN
OH- NaOH Strong base NaOH ? Na
OH- CaO Basic anhydride CaO H2O ?
Ca(OH)2 Ca(OH)2 ? Ca2
2OH- CO32-
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Classify each formula and write an
equation. strong acid weak acid strong
base weak base acid anhydride basic anhydride.
NH2- Strong base NH2- H2O ? NH3
OH- CN- Weak base CN- H2O ? HCN
OH- NaOH Strong base NaOH ? Na
OH- CaO Basic anhydride CaO H2O ?
Ca(OH)2 Ca(OH)2 ? Ca2
2OH- CO32- Weak base
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Classify each formula and write an
equation. strong acid weak acid strong
base weak base acid anhydride basic anhydride.
NH2- Strong base NH2- H2O ? NH3
OH- CN- Weak base CN- H2O ? HCN
OH- NaOH Strong base NaOH ? Na
OH- CaO Basic anhydride CaO H2O ?
Ca(OH)2 Ca(OH)2 ? Ca2
2OH- CO32- Weak base CO32- H2O ? HCO3-
OH-