JEFFERSON COUNTY WEST VIRGINIA

1
JEFFERSON COUNTY WEST VIRGINIA ITS HISTORY
AND HISTORIC SITES DEVELOPED AND PRODUCED
BY CURT MASON IN COOPERATION WITH FRIENDS OF
HAPPY RETREAT CHARLES TOWN, WV
2

• THIS PRESENTATION CELEBRATES THE HISTORY OF
  JEFFERSON COUNTY, WV
• AND ILLUSTRATES SEVERAL WEST VIRGINIA HOMES AND
  HISTORIC SITES
• REPRESENTATIVE OF THE FOLLOWING PERIODS
• NATIVE AMERICAN HABITATION
• EXPLORATION AND SETTLEMENT BY EUROPEANS
• REVOLUTIONARY WAR AND IMMEDIATE POST-WAR
• ANTE-BELLUM VIRGINIA
• CIVIL WAR TO LATE 1800S
• THE TWENTIETH CENTURY
• WHERE AVAILABLE, PHOTOGRAPHS OF THE SITES TAKEN
  SEVERAL YEARS APART
• ARE USED TO ILLUSTRATE ANY CHANGES IN THEIR
  APPEARANCE. PHOTOS DATED 1933
• ARE COURTESY OF THE NATIONAL PARK SERVICES (NPS)
  HISTORIC AMERICAN
• BUILDING SURVEY ARCHIVES. PROPERTIES LISTED IN
  THE NATIONAL REGISTER
• OF HISTORIC PLACES ARE IDENTIFIED BY THE NPS LOGO
  

3
NATIVE
AMERICAN HISTORY IN PRESENT-DAY WEST VIRGINIA IN
THE BEGINNING FIRST KNOWN SETTLERS WERE THE
ADENA PEOPLE, KNOWN AS THE MOUND BUILDERS.
REMNANTS OF THEIR CIVILIZATION HAVE BEEN FOUND
THROUGHOUT WEST VIRGINIA   MOST FAMOUS IS THE
ADENAS GRAVE CREEK INDIAN MOUND IN MOUNDSVILLE
WV BUILT ABOUT 200BC. THE MOUND WAS
ORIGINALLY 69 FEET HIGH, 295 FEET IN DIAMETER,
AND WAS ENCIRCLED BY A MOAT. IN 1838,
TUNNELS WERE EXCAVATED INTO THE GRAVE CREEK
MOUND AND TWO LOG TOMBS WITH SEVERAL BURIALS
AND GRAVE OFFERINGS WERE FOUND.
1500S AND EARLY 1600S SEVERAL THOUSAND HURONS
OCCUPIED PRESENT-DAY WEST VIRGINIA.   LATE
1600S THE IROQUOIS CONFEDERACY, (MOHAWK,
ONONDAGA, CAYUGA, ONEIDA, SENECA TRIBES OF
NEW YORK) DROVE THE HURONS OUT TO USE THE LAND
FOR SPRING AND SUMMER HUNTING.
4
EARLY 1700S TUSCARORA TRIBE MOVED INTO LOWER
SHENANDOAH VALLEY BUT LATER MIGRATED TO NEW
YORK TO BECOME THE SIXTH NATION OF IROQUOIS
CONFEDERACY LATER IN THE 1700S LOWER VALLEY
ALSO USED AS A HUNTING GROUND BY SEVERAL
OTHER TRIBES, INCLUDING THE SHAWNEE, THE MINGO,
AND THE DELAWARE. ONE OF THEIR HUNTING
TRAILS CROSSED THE POTOMAC RIVER AT PACK
HORSE FORD, ABOUT A MILE SOUTH OF SHEPHERDSTOWN
THIS FORD ALSO BECAME A MAJOR CROSSING FOR THE
PHILADELPHIA WAGON ROAD TAKEN BY SETTLERS MOVING
SOUTHWARD IN THE 1700S AND PLAYED AN IMPORTANT
ROLE FOR BOTH SIDES DURING THE CIVIL WAR
5
A CENTURY OF EXPLORATION AND SETTLEMENT BY
EUROPEANS (1669 TO 1763)  1669 JOHN LEDERER,
AN EXPLORER EMPLOYED BY SIR WILLIAM BERKELEY,
COLONIAL GOVERNOR OF VIRGINIA,
BECAME FIRST ENGLISHMAN TO VIEW PRESENT-DAY
JEFFERSON COUNTY. MADE KEY OBSERVATIONS
AND CORRECTED THE BELIEF THAT THE
PACIFIC OCEAN LAY JUST WEST OF THE BLUE RIDGE
MOUNTAINS 1707 SWISS EXPLORER LOUIS MICHEL
MADE FIRST MAP OF THE AREA  1712 ANOTHER
SWISS, CHRISTOPHER BARON DE GRAFFENREID, ENTERED
PRESENT-DAY JEFFERSON COUNTY DURING
EXPEDITION UP THE POTOMAC  1716 VIRGINIA
GOVERNOR SPOTSWOOD LED KNIGHTS OF GOLDEN
HORSESHOE FROM WILLIAMSBURG TO
EXPLORE SHENANDOAH VALLEY 1751
FRY-JEFFERSON MAP OF VIRGINIA PUBLISHED
6

EXPLORATION AND SETTLEMENT BY EUROPEANS
(CONTD) 1720S FIRST PERMANENT ENGLISH
SETTLEMENT IN PRESENT-DAY JEFFERSON COUNTY
ESTABLISHED. GERMAN
IMMIGRANT FAMILIES FOUNDED THE TOWN OF NEW
MECKLENBURG WHICH WAS LATER
RENAMED SHEPHERDSTOWN IN HONOR OF THOMAS
SHEPHERD. SHEPHERDSTOWN
(BELOW) OLDEST TOWN IN WEST VIRGINIA (CHARTERED
1762)
1730 QUARRY BANKS NEW STILE STONE HOUSE
ESTABLISHED BY ROBERT WORTHINGTON
ON
3000 ACRES RENAMED PIEDMONT BY LATER OWNER
7
PIEDMONT- 1730 2 Mi W of Charles Town

• First home (now small stone wing) was built
  by Robert Worthington in about 1730
• Property purchased by James and Sarah Nourse
  in 1770 who added substantial brick
• portions to the home by 1780
• Property purchased by Dr. John Briscoe in
  1786, remained in Briscoe family until
• 1979, when it was willed to county
  historical society
• Now owned by Mr. Jim Lehrer of pbs
• Stately Georgian style peaceful setting amid
  the willows oaks of Evitts Run
• evoke the words of Caskie Norvell,
  writing in the JCHS 1953 magazine
• you cannot but reflect that the aura of
  the Old South lingers over Piedmont."

8
PIEDMONT
THEN (1933)
9
SETTLEMENT CONTINUES (1734-1744) SHENANDOAH
VALLEY IS A MELTING POT OF CULTURES  1734 FIRST
OFFICIAL LAND GRANTS MADE. ENGLISH SETTLERS FROM
TIDEWATER, SCOTS- IRISH, GERMAN AND
DUTCH FROM PENNSYLVANIA AND NEW YORK BEGAN TO
SETTLE ON LAND BETWEEN THE SHENNANDO
(SHENANDAOH) AND COHONGORONTO (NOW
UPPER POTOMAC) RIVERS.   1734 SMITHFIELD
VILLAGE SETTLED (LATER RENAMED MIDDLEWAY)  
HARPERS FERRY SETTLED   1737 TRAVELLERS
REST BUILT BY JOHN HYATT  1740 WHITE HOUSE FARM
ESTABLISHED BY DR. JOHN MCCORMICK, A SCOTS
-IRISH PHYSICIAN 1742 HOPEWELL ESTABLISHED BY
JACOB HITE ALONG HOPEWELL RUN 1744 VIRGINIA
PURCHASED IROQUOIS TITLE OF OWNERSHIP TO LANDS OF
PRESENT WV
10
TRAVELLERS REST (Bowers
Road 2mi west of Leetown Road) 1737 BUILT BY
JOHN HYATT 1773-1790 HOME OF GENERAL HORATIO
GATES, WHO WON BATTLE OF SARATOGA (NY) BUT
LOST BATTLE OF CAMDEN (SC) AND FELL INTO
GEN. WASHINGTONS DISFAVOR.
11
TRAVELLERS REST
12
WHITE HOUSE FARM 1740 (just east of
Summit Point)
13
WHITE HOUSE FARM
THEN (1933)
14

• WHITE HOUSE FARM SPRINGHOUSE
• BUILT
  IN 1740s
• LATE 1900S PARTIALLY DESTROYED BY MAN
• AND THE ELEMENTS
• RESTORED WITH MATCHING GRANT
• FROM WV SHPO IN 2001

15

• WHITE HOUSE FARM BARN
• OLDEST STANDING BARN IN WEST VIRGINIA (C.
  1740)
• PARTIALLY DESTROYED BY SNOW LOAD AND
  HURRICANE
• RESTORED WITH MATCHING GRANT FROM WV SHPO IN
  2004
• WHITE HOUSE FARM RECIPIENT OF 2008 JEFFERSON
  COUNTY
• HISTORIC LANDMARKS COMMISSION AWARD FOR
• 
  HISTORIC PRESERVATION

16
PRATO RIO (FORMERLY
HOPEWELL) 1742 JACOB HITE, SON OF EARLY LAND
DEVELOPER JOST HITE, BUILT SMALL STONE HOUSE
ALONG ITS NAMESAKE HOPEWELL RUN 1774
JACOB HITE SOLD PROPERTY TO GENERAL CHARLES LEE,
WHO RENAMED IT PRATO RIO (SPANISH FOR
STREAM THROUGH A MEADOW) 1774-1778 GEN. LEE
SERVED IN CONTINENTAL ARMY, WAS RETIRED "AFTER
A COURT MARTIAL, AND MOVED BACK TO
TOWN OF HOPEWELL LATER RENAMED LEETOWN IN LEES
HONOR 1782 LEES WILL STIPULATED
THAT HE NOT BE BURIED IN ANY CHURCHYARD OR WITHIN
A MILE OF ANY PRESBYTERIAN OR
ANABAPTIST MEETING HOUSE SINCE
I HAVE KEPT SO MUCH BAD COMPANY WHILE LIVING,
THAT I DO NOT WISH TO CONTINUE
IT WHEN DEAD.
17
PRATO RIO
THEN (1933)
18
BARN AT PRATO RIO
1933
19
1748 GEORGE WASHINGTON ACCOMPANIED SURVEY
PARTY WORKING FOR THOMAS LORD
FAIRFAX IN SHENANDOAH VALLEY   1750 GEORGE
WASHINGTON PURCHASED 500 ACRES ALONG BULLSKIN
RUN . REFERRED TO HIS BULLSKIN
PLANTATION IN 1755. HE CONTINUED TO PURCHASE
LAND, EVENTUALLY OWNED 2,300 ACRES
IN WHAT IS NOW THE WV EASTERN PANHANDLE.   1751
PETER BURR HOUSE CONSTRUCTED . OLDEST FRAME
HOUSE IN WEST VIRGINIA  1752 GEORGE
WASHINGTONS OLDER HALF-BROTHER LAWRENCE DIED,
LEAVING MOUNT VERNON TO GEORGE.
SEVERAL THOUSAND ACRES IN THE SHENANDOAH
VALLEY WERE ULTIMATELY DISTRIBUTED TO HIS
OTHER BROTHERS SAMUEL, JOHN
AUGUSTINE, AND CHARLES.   1750S ENGLISH
INFORMED INDIAN TRIBES THAT EUROPEANS WOULD
SETTLE THE FRONTIER. HOWEVER,
FRENCH WERE MORE INTERESTED IN TRADING WITH THE
INDIANS THAN SETTLING. THUS, FRENCH
AND INDIANS JOINED FORCES TO FIGHT BRITISH.
20

• BULLSKIN PLANTATION
• FIRST OF MANY OF GEORGE WASHINGTONS
• LAND PURCHASES IN JEFFERSON COUNTY
  (1750)
• AGE AND ORIGIN OF TENANT HOUSE UNKNOWN, BUT
• COULD DATE TO GWS TIME.
• MANOR HOUSE KNOWN AS ROCK HALL, BUILT BY
• SUBSEQUENT OWNERS DESTROYED BY FIRE IN
  1906
• OWNED BY THE BURNS FAMILY SINCE 1912
• WITHIN BOUNDARIES OF BATTLE OF SUMMIT POINT

THREATENED BY PROPOSED PATH HIGH VOLTAGE
POWER LINES
21
BULLSKIN PLANTATION AKA ROCK HALL
Manor House Built by Later Owner sketched in
1890 (Burned in 1906)
22
PETER BURR HOUSE - 1751 (behind BizTech near
Bardane)
23
PETER BURR HOUSE Now owned by Jefferson County
Historic Landmarks Commission
THEN (1933)
24

• C. 1754 FIRST MASONIC MEETINGS WEST OF BLUE
  RIDGE MOUNTAINS HELD IN A LARGE CAVE
• NEAR PRESENT-DAY CHARLES TOWN.
  IN 1844, 125 FREEMASONS FROM SEVERAL
• LODGES THROUGHOUT THE REGION
  GATHERED AT CAVE TO CELEBRATE
• 90TH ANNIVERSARY
• 1755 BRADDOCK MARCHED THROUGH SHENANDOAH VALLEY
  TO FIGHT FRENCH AND INDIANS
• AT FORT DUQUESNE. BRITISH DEFEATED,
  BRADDOCK KILLED, WASHINGTON SURVIVED.
• 1761 ROBERT HARPER ESTABLISHED FERRY SERVICE
  ACROSS POTOMAC AND SHENANDOAH
• 1763 BRITISH DEFEATED FRENCH AND INDIANS.
• ENGLAND'S KING GEORGE III, FEARING MORE
  TENSION BETWEEN NATIVE AMERICANS
• AND SETTLERS, PROHIBITED SETTLEMENT WEST
  OF ALLEGHENY MOUNTAINS.
• SETTLEMENT CONTINUED IN SHENANDOAH VALLEY
  UNTIL REVOLUTIONARY WAR,

25
MASONIC CAVE NEAR CHARLES TOWN
26

• HAREWOOD 1770 HOME OF
  SAMUEL WASHINGTON
• SITE OF JAMES AND DOLLEY MADISON MARRIAGE -
  1794
• STILL OWNED BY A SAMUEL WASHINGTON
  DESCENDANT
• MUCH ORIGINAL HISTORIC FABRIC REMAINS,
  INCLUDING MARBLE
• MANTELPIECE GIVEN TO GEORGE WASHINGTON BY
  GENERAL
• MARQUIS DE LAFAYETTE.
• MOST OF PROPERTY PROTECTED BY RECENT
  PRESERVATION EASEMENTS

27
HAREWOOD - East side
28
HAREWOOD West Side
THEN (1933)
29

• 
  REVOLUTIONARY WAR AND IMMEDIATE POST-WAR
•  
• JULY 1775 THE BEE LINE MARCH. AFTER BATTLE OF
  LEXINGTON, VIRGINIANS DANIEL MORGAN
• AND HUGH STEPHENSON ORGANIZED
  TWO LOCAL COMPANIES OF VOLUNTEERS
• WHO RACED TO JOIN GENERAL
  WASHINGTON'S FORCES IN MASSACHUSETTS.
• STEPHENSONS 98 MEN ALL
  PLEDGED TO RETURN TO SHEPHERDSTOWN
• EXACTLY 50 YEARS AFTER
  DEPARTING.
• IN 1825, OF 5 LEFT ALIVE,
  ONLY 2 WERE ABLE TO RETURN
• POST-WAR THREE OF WASHINGTONS MAJOR GENERALS
  LIVED A FEW MILES APART IN
• WHAT IS NOW JEFFERSON COUNTY
  LEE, GATES AND ADAM STEPHEN
• HAD ALL BEEN
• BORN IN BRITAIN
• WITH BRADDOCK WASHINGTON IN
• FRENCH - INDIAN WAR AS CAPTAINS
• WOUNDED IN BATTLE
• 
  
  PLANTATION OWNERS IN BERKELEY

30
ANOTHER CONTINENTAL ARMY VETERAN, LT-COL (LATER
GENERAL) WILLIAM DARKE, ESTABLISHED A HOME
NEAR DUFFIELDS, ONLY A FEW MILES FROM THE OTHERS
31
HAPPY RETREAT 1780 Home of Charles Washington
32
HAPPY RETREAT
THEN (1933)
33
HAPPY RETREAT KITCHEN/SMOKEHOUSE
34
REVOLUTIONARY WAR AND
IMMEDIATE POST-WAR (CONTD)   1783 CONDUCTING
RESEARCH FOR HIS TREATISE NOTES ON THE STATE OF
VIRGINIA, THOMAS JEFFERSON
VISITED HARPERS FERRY AND EXCLAIMED RIVER VIEWS
WORTH A JOURNEY
ACROSS THE ATLANTIC. 1785 POTOMAC COMPANY
FORMED TO FULFILL GEORGE WASHINGTONS VISION OF
POTOMAC RIVER AS NAVIGABLE
WATERWAY   1786 FIRST HORSE RACES RUN IN
COUNTY. RACING BECAME PROMINENT ENTERPRISE BY
1808 IN CHARLESTOWN, SHEPHERDSTOWN,
AND SMITHFIELD (NOW MIDDLEWAY)   1787
CHARLESTOWN VIRGINIA ESTABLISHED BY CHARLES
WASHINGTON   1787 JAMES RUMSEY SUCCESSFULLY
DEMONSTRATED A STEAM-POWERED BOAT
IN POTOMAC RIVER AT SHEPHERDSTOWN
.
35
1787 ELMWOOD BUILT BY EDWARD LUCAS
III   1790 SHEPHERDSTOWN RESIDENTS
SUGGESTED TO WASHINGTON THAT THE TOWN BECOME
NATIONS CAPITAL. SITE CHOSEN MAY BE
DUE TO ITS PROXIMITY TO MT. VERNON   C. 1790
ALLSTADT HOUSE BUILT BY THE LEE FAMILY   1794
JAMES MADISON AND DOLLEY TODD MARRIED AT
HAREWOOD.   1795 WASHINGTON RECOMMENDED
HARPERS FERRY AS SITE FOR NEW US ARSENAL.
PROPERTY PURCHASED AND FIRST BUILDING
COMPLETED A YEAR LATER   C. 1798 GAP VIEW
BUILT BY JOHN BAKER   C. 1800 BEALL AIR BUILT
BY PROMINENT VIRGINIA PLANTER
THOMAS BEALL   C. 1800 HAWTHORNE BUILT BY
ROBERT THROCKMORTON   1800 JEFFERSON
RETURNED TO HARPERS FERRY JUST
PRIOR TO BEING ELECTED PRESIDENT
36

• ELMWOOD 1787
• (Flowing Springs Rd near Rte 230)
• BUILT BY EDWARD LUCAS III
• SITE OF LUCAS FAMILY GRAVEYARD
• FARMLAND CONSERVATION EASEMENT
• 1008 HISTORIC PRESERVATION AWARD

37
ELMWOOD
THEN (1933)
38

• ALLSTADT HOUSE AND ORDINARY
• 1790 HOUSE BUILT ABOUT 1790 ON LAND OWNED BY
  LEE FAMILY
• 1811 PURCHASED BY JACOB ALLSTADT OF BERKS
  COUNTY, PA.
• ALLSTADT RAN ORDINARY TOLLGATE
  ON ADJACENT TOLL ROAD
• 1820 HOUSE ENLARGED AND ORDINARY BUILT.
• I859 JOHN BROWNS RAIDERS KIDNAPPED LEWIS
  WASHINGTON AT
• BEALLAIR, THEN KIDNAPPED ALLSTADT,
  SEVERAL SERVANTS.
• ALL WERE TAKEN TO HARPERS FERRY BUT RELEASED
  WHEN
• ROBERT E. LEE CAPTURED JOHN BROWN
  AND HIS MEN.

39

• ALLSTADT HOUSE
• RESTORED IN 1980S

THEN (1980S)
40

• GAP VIEW FARM Pre-1798
• (Old Rt 9, 2mi west of Ranson Home Depot)
• BUILT BY JOHN BAKER
• OWNED NOW BY FRANK BUCKLES,
• ONLY LIVING U.S. WWI VETERAN

41
GAP VIEW
THEN (1933)
42
BEALL-AIR PRE-1800 REAR PORTION BUILT BY
PROMINENT VIRGINIAN THOMAS BEALL 1807 BEALLS
DAUGHTER ELIZABETH MARRIED GEORGE CORBIN
WASHINGTON, GENERAL WASHINGTONS
GRAND- NEPHEW 1819 GEORGE C. HIS SON, LEWIS
WILLIAM WASHINGTON, INHERITED BEALL-AIR FROM
THOMAS BEALL 1820 LARGE SOUTH-FACING
BRICK AND STUCCO PORTION OF THE HOME ADDED 1854
COLONEL LEWIS WILLIAM WASHINGTON BECAME SOLE
OWNER UPON HIS FATHERS DEATH
43
BEALL-AIR
44

• HAWTHORNE
• (0.1mi west of Summit
  Point)
• BUILT BY ROBERT THROCKMORTON PRIOR TO 1800
• 1845 EXPANDED BY GREAT-NEPHEW JOHN THOMSON
• NOW OWNED BY FAMILY OF HARRY BYRD
• UNDERGOING REPAIR IN 2008

45
HAWTHORNE
THEN (1933)
46
HAWTHORNE OUTBUILDING
47
JEFFERSONS ROCK Harpers Ferry) Shenandoah River
(Looking Upstream )
THEN (about 1800)
48

• HARPERS FERRY
• Viewed From Jeffersons Rock
• EARLY CENTER OF AMERICAN ARTS
• JOHN BROWNS RAID IN 1859
• TOWN CONSTANTLY BUFFETED BY
• NORTH AND SOUTH DURING CIVIL
• WAR
• NOW SITE OF NATIONAL PARK

1803
49
ANTEBELLUM
VIRGINIA (1800 TO 1859) 1801 JEFFERSON COUNTY
CREATED FROM PARTS OF BERKELEY
COUNTY BY ACT OF GENERAL ASSEMBLY,
JANUARY 8, 1801. NAMED TO HONOR THOMAS
JEFFERSON, THEN PRESIDENT-ELECT
  1803 HARPERS FERRY VISITED BY MERIWETHER
LEWIS TO ACQUIRE SUPPLIES AND A
BOAT FOR HIS JOURNEY WEST WITH CLARK.   1805
THE BOWER BUILT BY GRANDSON OF GEN ADAM STEPHEN
ON STEPHENS ORIGINAL PROPERTY   1812
SEVEN COMPANIES OF SOLDIERS SENT FROM THEN
BERKELEY COUNTY TO AMERICAN ARMY TO
FIGHT THE BRITISH IN WAR OF 1812.
50

• THE BOWER 1805
• HUNTING LODGE FIRST BUILT ON THIS SITE BY
• GENERAL ADAM STEPHEN IN 1754
• PRESENT HOME BUILT BY ADAM STEPHEN
• DANDRIDGE (GRANDSON) IN 1805
• HOME USED AS JEB STUARTS HQ IN CIVIL WAR
• REMODELED GOTHIC IN 1892 AFTER FIRE
• STILL OWNED BY DANDRIDGE FAMILY

51

• ANTEBELLUM
  VIRGINIA (CONTINUED)
• 1815 1840S BEGINNING OF NEW NATIONALISM
•  
• YOUNGER GENERATION REPLACED OLDER -- BUSINESSES
  THRIVED. MULTIPLE
• TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS DEVELOPED TO MEET NEEDS
  OF RAPIDLY GROWING COUNTY
• TURNPIKE CONNECTED SHEPHERDSTOWN TO MIDDLEWAY
• STAGE LINE RAN FROM WASHINGTON D.C. TO
  LEESBURG
• 1834 CHESAPEAKE AND OHIO CANAL COMPLETED TO
  HARPER'S FERRY
• 1835 B O RAILROAD FROM BALTIMORE REACHES
  HARPERS FERRY AND LINKED
• TO WINCHESTER AND
  POTOMAC RAILROAD
• 1820 CLAYMONT AND BLAKELEY BUILT BY TWO GRAND-
  NEPHEWS OF GEORGE WASHINGTON
•  

52
BLAKELEY - 1820 Home of John Augustine
Washington II (Huyett Road 1mi west of
Washington High School)
53
BLAKELEY
THREATENED BY PROPOSED PATH HIGH VOLTAGE POWER
LINES
THEN (date unknown, est 1940s)
54
CLAYMONT COURT 1820 Home of Bushrod Corbin
Washington (ACROSS THE BULLSKIN FROM BLAKELEY)
55
CLAYMONT COURT
THEN (1937)
56

• CEDAR LAWN 1825
• (Earle Road, 2 mi south of Rt 51)
• BUILT BY JOHN WASHINGTON
• ONLY HOME RENOVATED BY
• R.J. FUNKHOUSER THAT IS
• STILL OWNED BY FUNKHOUSER
• FAMILY

57
CEDAR LAWN
THEN (1933)
58

• 
  WHITE CHURCH (Grace Church Parish)
• 
  Middleway
• BUILT IN 1820S. KNOWN AS UNION CHURCH
  BECAUSE IT HOUSED TWO DENOMINATIONS
• ACTIVE CONGREGATIONS CEASED IN 1934 BUT AT
  TIMES IT HAS HOUSED OTHERS
• NOW USED AS MEETING PLACE FOR GRACE CHURCH
  AND COMMUNITY EVENTS
• WHITE CHURCH RESTORATION 501.C.3 PLANNING TO
  RESTORE AND EXPAND CHURCH

59
WHITE CHURCH
THEN - 1955
60

• DUFFIELDS STATION - 1839
• Melvin Flowing Springs Roads
• BUILT BY BO RAILROAD
• SECOND OLDEST SURVIVING TRAIN STATION IN U.S.
  
• IMPORTANT SUPPLY DEPOT DURING CIVIL WAR
• BEING RESTORED BY NON-PROFIT.
• 2008 NEW ROOF COMPLETED WITH SHPO GRANT

61
DUFFIELDS STATION
62

ANTEBELLUM VIRGINIA (CONTINUED) 1840 TO
1858 SEVERAL LARGE BRICK HOUSES BUILT WHICH
REFLECT PROSPERITY OF JEFFERSON COUNTY 1840
BARLEYWOOD (BELOW) BUILT BY WILLIAM WASHINGTON,
GEORGE WASHINGTONS
GRANDNEPHEW 1840 LOCUST HILL BUILT
BY JOHN B. PACKETTE AND WIFE LUCY WASHINGTON
PACKETTE, GREAT GRAND-DAUGHTER OF SAMUEL
WASHINGTON 1841 FALLING SPRINGS BUILT BY
PROMINENT SHEPHERDSTOWN CITIZEN JACOB
MORGAN   1849 CHARLES TOWN MINING COMPANY
FORMED. 75 MEMBERS TRAVELLED TO CALIFORNIA TO
MINE GOLD. UPON ARRIVAL IN SACRAMENTO, THE PARTY
DISBANDED.   1858 PETITION TO ANNEX SOUTHERN
PORTION OF JEFFERSON COUNTY INTO ADJACENT
CLARKE COUNTY DEFEATED, ALTHOUGH THE IDEA
OF ANNEXING ENTIRE JEFFERSON
COUNTY WAS FAVORED BY SOME THEN, AS IT IS NOW
63

• BARLEYWOOD --
  1840
• (2 miles west of Charles
  Town near Harewood)
• BUILT BY SAMUEL WASHINGTONS GRANDSON WILLIAM
  TEMPLE
• WASHINGTON AND HIS WIFE, MARGARET CALHOUN
  FLETCHER OF
• MEGWILLIE FOR THEIR DAUGHTER,  MILISSENT
  FOWLER WASHINGTON,
• WHO MARRIED ROBERT G. MCPHERSON AT MEGWILLIE
  IN 1840
• RESTORATION PLANNED IN MID-2009 THROUGH A WV
  SHPO GRANT

64
BARLEYWOOD
THEN - DATE UNKNOWN
65
THEN (1933)

• LOCUST HILL -- 1840
• (in Locust Hill subdivision at 12th tee of Golf
  Course)
• BUILT BY JOHN B. PACKETTE AND HIS WIFE
• LUCY WASHINGTON PACKETTE, GREAT-
• GRANDDAUGHTER OF SAMUEL WASHINGTON
• BURNED IN 1970S ONLY A PORTION OF
• ONE CORNER REMAINS IN 2008

66
JEFFERSON COUNTY
THE WASHINGTON FAMILY HOMELAND
ORIGINATED WITH GEORGE AND HIS BROTHERS
By 1840, AT LEAST 12 HOMES HAD BEEN BUILT IN
JEFFERSON COUNTY BY WASHINGTON FAMILY MEMBERS. AT
LEAST SEVEN HOMES REMAIN STANDING TODAY
BULLSKIN PLANTATION HAREWOOD
HAPPY RETREAT CEDAR LAWN CLAYMONT
COURT BLAKELEY BEALL-AIR
BARLEYWOOD The following no longer exist
PROSPECT HILL MEGWILLIE (burned in 1920s,
new home built on
site) LOCUST HILL (burned in 1970s)
SULGRAVE RICHWOOD HALL (small portion of
present home built over original
structure.
Samuel
Charles
Lawrence (1/2 Brother)
John Augustine
67

• FALLING SPRINGS - 1841
• (Falling Springs Road across from
• Morgan Grove Park, Shepherdstown)
• BUILT BY JACOB MORGAN, ONE OF
• EARLIEST FAMILIES IN SHEPHERDSTOWN
• REFLECTS PROSPERITY OF ANTEBELLUM
• ERA

68
FALLING SPRINGS
THEN (1933)
69

• 
  CIVIL WAR ERA
• 1859 JOHN BROWNS RAID ON HARPERS FERRY
  GALVANIZED THE NATION!
• RAIDERS KIDNAPPED LEWIS WASHINGTON (FROM
  BEALL-AIR) AND SEVERAL OF HIS SERVANTS
• AFTER ALSO KIDNAPPING J.H. ALLSTADT AND HIS
  SERVANTS AND OTHER SIMILAR
• GROUPS, 60 PEOPLE IN ALL WERE TAKEN TO
  BROWNS FORT IN HARPERS FERRY ALL
• RELEASED UNHARMED UPON BROWNS CAPTURE BY
  U.S. MARINES UNDER COL. ROBERT E. LEE
• BROWN TRIED, FOUND GUILTY OF TREASON AND
  MURDER, AND HANGED IN CHARLES TOWN
• JOHN BROWNS FORT AT HARPERS FERRY
  SCENE AT JOHN BROWNS HANGING

70

• 1861-1863
  FORMATION OF WEST VIRGINIA
• MOST EASTERN PANHANDLE RESIDENTS SIDED WITH
  VIRGINIA WHEN STATE
• SECEDED FROM THE UNION. MANY JOINED
  CONFEDERATE ARMY.
• CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION HELD TO CREATE
  WEST VIRGINIA (1861).
• ORIGINAL 39 COUNTIES DID NOT INCLUDE 5
  EASTERNMOST ONES, WHOSE
• ADDITION WAS TO BE DETERMINED BY LOCAL
  ELECTIONS.
• WHEN STATEHOOD PUT TO A VOTE BY JEFFERSON
  COUNTY CITIZENS,
• UNION FORCES CONTROLLED THE REGION,
  OPENED ONLY 2 PRECINCTS
• AND KEPT MAJORITY OF COUNTYS ELIGIBLE
  VOTERS FROM VOTING.
• RESULT 248 IN FAVOR OF WV STATEHOOD 2
  OPPOSED.
• RESULTS SIMILAR IN OTHER
  FOUR COUNTIES.
• 1863 WEST VIRGINIA ADMITTED AS STATE JUNE
  20

71

LATE 19TH CENTURY 1876 WILLIAM WILSON HOUSE
CONSTRUCTED. WILSON WAS BORN IN MIDDLEWAY, WV,
AND SCHOOLED IN CHARLES TOWN.
U.S. POSTMASTER GENERAL IN THE
CLEVELAND ADMINISTRATION, SERVED IN THE U.S.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES FOR 10
YEARS, WAS PRESIDENT OF WEST VIRGINIA STATE AND
WASHINGTON LEE UNIV. 1891 GIBSON-TODD HOUSE
CONSTRUCTED ON SITE OF JOHN BROWN HANGING 1896
JEFFERSON COUNTY SELECTED BY WILSON TO BE
FIRST U.S. COUNTY WITH RURAL FREE
DELIVERY
WILSON HOUSE South Samuel Street
Charles Town 2008
72
GIBSON-TODD HOUSE 1891 South Samuel Street
Charles Town
73
GIBSON-TODD HOUSE CHARLES TOWN WV
THEN 1984
74
THE
TWENTIETH CENTURY 1906 NIAGARA MOVEMENT
MEETING IN HARPERS FERRY W.E.B.
DUBOIS AND OTHERS DEVELOP FORERUNNER OF MODERN
NAACP 1911 25 CIVIL WAR BATTLE SITES
COMMEMORATED BY SONS OF
CONFEDERATE VETERANS WITH
CONCRETE OBELISKS 1921 BATTLE OF BLAIR
MOUNTAIN, LARGEST ARMED UPRISING IN U.S. LABOR
HISTORY OCCURRED IN LOGAN
COUNTY, WV. 15,000 COAL MINERS ATTEMPTING
TO UNIONIZE WV MINES AND OVERTHROW
CORRUPT COUNTY GOVERNMENTS
CONFRONTED COMPANY-PAID PRIVATE DETECTIVES
AFTER 3 DAYS OF FIGHTING 20
DEATHS, FEDERAL TROOPS QUELLED DISTURBANCE  
1922 THE MINERS' TRIALS. 800 MEN BROUGHT TO
CHARLES TOWN TO FACE TRIAL ON
MANY CHARGES, INCLUDING 24 FOR TREASON AGAINST
THE STATE OF WEST VIRGINIA.
IN FIRST TRIAL, BILL BLIZZARD WAS ACQUITTED.
IN SECOND, WALTER ALLEN WAS
CONVICTED. MINERS WERE HELD
IN THE JEFFERSON COUNTY JAIL
2000 ISRAELI-SYRIA PEACE TALKS
HELD IN SHEPHERDSTOWN
75
THE TWENTIETH
CENTURY 1906 NIAGARA MOVEMENT MEETING IN
HARPERS FERRY W.E.B. DUBOIS AND OTHERS
DEVELOP FORERUNNER OF MODERN
NAACP

1906
RUMSEIAN SOCIETY ERECTS
MONUMENT TO
JAMES RUMSEY
ON BANKS OF POTOMAC

AT SHEPHERDSTOWN 1911 25 CIVIL WAR
BATTLE SITES COMMEMORATED BY
SONS OF CONFEDERATE VETERANS WITH
CONCRETE OBELISKS
76
THE NEXT FEW SLIDES SHOW EXAMPLES OF
RESTORATIONS COMPLETED WITHIN THE PAST 3 YEARS
OF SOME OF JEFFERSON COUNTYS MOST HISTORIC
TREASURES
SEVERAL RESTORATIONS IN THE EASTERN PANHANDLE
COULD NOT HAVE BEEN ACCOMPLISHED WITHOUT THE
FINANCIAL SUPPORT AND ASSISTANCE OF THE WEST
VIRGINIA STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICE FOR
WHICH WE ARE MOST GRATEFUL!
77
(No Transcript)
78
THE RICHNESS OF THE EASTERN PANHANDLES HERITAGE
IS DOCUMENTED NOT ONLY IN WORDS BUT ALSO IN THE
NUMBER AND QUALITY OF THE REGIONS HISTORIC
RESOURCES
79
JEFFERSON COUNTY IS HOME TO OVER 2000 HISTORIC
RESOURCES, AS IDENTIFIED IN A RECENT STUDY
CONDUCTED BY THE COUNTYS HISTORIC LANDMARKS
COMMISSION RESULTS ARE POSTED ON THE COMMISSIONS
WEB SITE JEFFERSONCOUNTYHLC.ORG
80
ONE OF THE 83 AERIAL PHOTO MAPS SHOWING
JEFFERSON COUNTYS HISTORIC RESOURCES. THE MAPS
ARE USED BY PLANNERS AND HISTORIANS TO IDENTIFY
THE LOCATIONS OF SENSITIVE RESOURCES WHICH COULD
BE THREATENED BY INFRASTRUCTURE GROWTH AND
DEVELOPMENT
81
ANOTHER MEASURE OF HISTORICAL IMPORTANCE IS THE
NUMBER OF PROPERTIES LISTED IN THE NATIONAL
REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES, SHOWN BELOW FOR THE
EASTERN PANHANDLE AND NEARBY VIRGINIA AND
MARYLAND COUNTIES
Washington 97
Morgan 13
186 IN SURROUNDING MD
Eastern Panhandle 193
Frederick 89
Berkeley 106
Jefferson 74
Frederick 33
Montgomery 76
137 IN SURROUNDING VA
Clarke 34
Loudoun 70
Arlington 100
Fairfax 50
Prince William 47
Stafford 32
82
EASTERN PANHANDLE WEST VIRGINIANS HONOR
AND VALUE THEIR RICH HERITAGE JEFFERSON,
BERKELEY, AND MORGAN COUNTIES ARE HOME TO ABOUT
44 LOCAL AND NATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS WHOSE MISSION
INCLUDES PRESERVING OR CELEBRATING THE REGIONS
HISTORY.
83
FINIS
FINIS