Implementation of sciencebased

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• Implementation of science-based
• risk analysis for
• application of SPS measures
• in Australia

2

• The Risk Analysis Process
• Transparency and consultation
• The AQIS Import Risk Analysis Process Handbook
• available on-line at www.aqis.gov.au
• Technical analysis
• International Standard for Phytosanitary
• Measures No. 2

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The AQIS Import Risk Analysis (IRA) Process
4

• Technical analysis (ISPM No. 2)

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• A Case Study - Importation of Ya Pear from Hebei
  Province,
• Peoples Republic of China
• In 1991 China requested access to Australia for
  Ya pear

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• Risk assessment
• - 120 pests were found to be associated with
  fruit in proposed export areas
• - Quarantine status of these pests was
  determined from information provided by
  China, supplemented by Australian
  literature investigation and field visits
• - Introduction potential, economic impact
  was assessed
• - 18 pests determined to be of quarantine
  concern to Australia

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• Risk management
• Oriental fruit fly (Bactrocera spp.) -
  Trapping program to detect
• seasonal incursions
• Brown rot (Monilinia fructigena) - Orchard
  freedom by survey plus
• petal testing
• Japanese pear rust (Gymnosporangium asiaticum )
  - Host
• removal to 2 km radius or chemical control and
  bagging of fruit
• Pear scab (Venturia nashicola) - Early season
  petal test, orchard
• survey fruit bagging, orchard hygiene and
  inspection and
• certification

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• Final importation conditions
• Orchards and packing facilities registered by
  Chinese quarantine authorities
• Pest management measures applied
• Measures to verify status of quarantine pests in
  place
• Joint inspection and phytosanitary certification
• Review of conditions after the first season of
  export

10

• Issues raised in response to the Draft IRA
• Status of fire blight in China
• Orchard monitoring for fruit diseases
• Latent fruit diseases
• Pest occurrence/status
• Fruit fly area freedom
• Post harvest treatments

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12

• Trade outcome
• 78 containers of fruit (approximately 1700
  tonne)
• imported from late 1999 to early 2000
• No consignments rejected as a result of pests
• associated with the imported fruit

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• Science in support of Australian exports
• ISPM No 4 - Pest Free Areas
• Similar to the OIE concept of regionalisation
• Technical submission to support fruit fly free
• status of south eastern Australia
• Major trading partners accept produce from
• fruit fly free area without treatment
• Area freedom worth more than 70 million to
• Australia p.a

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• Technical data provided to verify
• The nature and status of the PFA
• The systems that establish freedom
• Phytosanitary measures that maintain freedom
• Ongoing checks to verify freedom is
• maintained
• Ongoing documentation, audit and review of
• the area

15

• Differences between terrestrial animal and plant
  risk analysis
• There are more plant species in commercial
• production world wide
• Plants have more damaging pests
• There is less quantitative data available for
• scientific risk analysis
• Pests have broader host ranges

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• The consequences of incursion are insidious
• (rarely cause widespread mortality)
• Fewer international standards
• Less experience in application of standards
• Fewer plant health experts
• Significant ongoing challenges