Information Systems, Organizations, and Management: Business Processes and Enterprise System

1
Information Systems, Organizations, and
Management Business Processes and Enterprise
System

• Presented by
• Heather Rowe
• Jason Webb

2
Overview

• I. Organizations and Information Systems
• What is an organization?
• Common features of organizations
• Unique features of organizations
• Business processes
• II.The Changing Role of Information Systems in
  Organizations
• The evolution of information technology
  infrastructure

3
Overview

• Information technology services
• How information system affect organizations
• The internet and organizations
• Implications for the design and understanding of
  information systems

4
Organizations and Information Systems

• Organization (technical)- a stable, formal,
  social structure that takes resources from the
  environment and processes them to produce
  outputs.
• Organization (behavioral)- a collection of
  rights, privileges, obligations, and
  responsibilities that are delicately balanced
  over a period of time through conflict and
  conflict resolution.

5
Mediating Factors of Organizations Information
Technology

• Environment
• Culture
• Structure
• Standard Procedures
• Business Processes
• Politics
• Management Decisions
• Chance

6
Common Features of Organizations

• Bureaucracy
• Standard Operating Procedures
• Organizational Politics
• Organizational Culture

7
Unique Features of Organizations

• Different Organizational Types
• Entrepreneurial Structure
• Machine Bureaucracy
• Divisionalized Bureaucracy
• Professional Bureaucracy
• Adhocracy

8
Organizations and Environments

• The Firm
• Environmental Resources and Constraints
• Governments
• Competitors
• Customers
• Financial Institutions
• Culture
• Knowledge
• Technology

9
Other Differences Among Organizations

• Coercive goals
• Utilitarian goals
• Normative goals
• Serve different groups members, clients,
  stockholders, or the public

10
Business Processes

• The unique ways in which organizations coordinate
  and organize work activities, information, and
  knowledge to produce a product or service.
• Generally cross functional
• Require careful analysis and planning

11
The Evolution of Information Technology
Infrastructure

• Past
• Senior Management
• Production
• Treasurer
• Marketing
• Personnel

• Present
• Senior Management
• Accounting Finance
• Sales Marketing
• Human Resources
• Manufacturing and Production
• Corporate Web Site

12
Information Technology Services

• Information Systems Department
• Programmers
• Systems Analysts
• Information Systems Managers
• Chief Information Officer (CIO)
• End Users

13
How Information Systems Affect Organizations

• I. Economic Theories
• Microeconomic Model of the Firm
• Transaction Cost Theory
• Agency Theory
• II. Behavioral Theories
• Sociology
• Psychology
• Political Science

14
The Internet and Organizations

• World Wide Web
• Increases accessibility, storage, and
  distribution of information
• Lowers transaction and agency costs

15
Implications for the Design and Understanding of
Information Systems

• Environment
• Structure of the organization
• Organizations culture and politics
• Type of organization
• Nature and style of leadership
• Top managements support and understanding

16
Implications for the Design and Understanding of
Information Systems

• Principle interests groups affected
• Tasks, decisions, and business processes the IS
  system is designed to assist
• Sentiments and attitudes of workers
• History of the organization

17
Conclusion

• I. Organizations and Information Systems
• What is an organization?
• Common features of organizations
• Unique features of organizations
• Business processes
• II.The Changing Role of Information Systems in
  Organizations
• The evolution of information technology
  infrastructure

18
Conclusion

• Information technology services
• How information system affect organizations
• The internet and organizations
• Implications for the design and understanding of
  information systems