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TUNDRA BIOME

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For example, polar bears are being highly affected by this global warming. ... Polar bears have this tick skin made specially for the harsh environment they live. ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: TUNDRA BIOME


1
TUNDRA BIOME
  • By
  • Jenny Arias

2
When you hear the word tundra what is the first
thing you think of?
  • A warm place..?
  • A forest?
  • Dessert?

3
Quick facts about Tundra
  • Tundra have 9 months of temperatures below
    freezing.
  • Tundra is the coldest of all biomes.
  • This biome covers about 1/5 of the land in Earth.
  • Artic tundra is the youngest of all biomes formed
    10,000 years ago.
  • Short season of growth and reproduction.
  • Low biotic diversity.
  • Plants in tundra are protected by the snow during
    winter.

4
Conditions
  • Tundra is found just below the ice caps of the
    artic.
  • Temperature are extremely cold but, can get warm
    during the summer.
  • Tundra winters are long, dark, and cold.
  • Temperature can easy reach to 0 degrees for 6 to
    10 months.
  • Some of the most common plants are mosses, sedges
    and lichens.
  • Annual precipitation is very low.

5
Climate
  • Tundra is known to be located near the artic
    circle therefore, tundra climate is very cold and
    dry. The temperature can easily range from -40
    degrees fahrenheit to -93, depending on the area.
    However in the summer temperature can go up to
    45 degree fahrenheit. The warmest summers
    happens in Siberia, Alaska and Canada.
  • Tundra is one of the driest places in earth with
    a total of 6 to 10 inches of rain per year
    (including melted snow)

6
Some more weather stuff..
  • In spite of the low rainfall this biome is known
    to have very wet underfoot because the moisture
    evaporates slowly.
  • As a result of low temperatures precipitation is
    light. Usually 10 inches a year however, eastern
    and western in North America have almost double
    the amount because of the influence of the ocean.

7
Location
  • Tundra is located at the top of the world, near
    the arctic circle.
  • Tundra is found in the following places
  • Siberia
  • Russia
  • Asia
  • Canada
  • Alaska

8
Plants
  • Tundra is not a suitable place for plants to grow
    due to the extremely cold temperatures that
    permanently freeze the soil therefore, most of
    tundra plants are low shrubs. The average tree
    is less than a knee high. Some of the most
    common types of plants are

9
Types of plants
  • Artic willow Found in North American tundra.
    This is a treeless plain with uneven ground
    usually found in dry, open places.
  • Bearberry Also known as Foxberry. Is a low
    growing ever green, covered in a thick bark and
    fine silky hairs.
  • Caribou moss This plant is found on the ground
    and rocks. It looks like foamy gray, green
    spongy mass and grows to be 1 to 4 inches high.
  • Labrador tea Labrador tea grows to be 4 to 5
    feet. It has a woody branches with narrow 1 to 2
    inches leaves. This plant is smooth on the upper
    side with rusty nails underneath.
  • Pasque flower-- One of the prettiest flowers
    that grows in tundra. This flower has several
    stems that rises 6-8 inch off the ground. The
    color can range from dark lavender to almost
    white.

10
  • Bearberry
  • Pasque Flower

11
Animals
  • Tundra animals are very familiar to those found
    in the north pole, with a tick layer of skin and
    can easily hide under the snow. This are
    examples of some of the animals that are found in
    tundra
  • isnt he a cutie?

12
Types of animals
  • Musk oxs-- These animals have very long curvy
    horns with sharp tips that have a scent for
    mating. They feed off plants, and their main
    animal predator are wolves.
  • Wolves Known for their strong teeth, a fur coat
    and good eye sight.
  • Polar bear This type of animal have a white coat
    with sharp claws to hold their prey. Good smell
    sense. Most of their food consists of seals.
  • Fox They have coats that change between seasons.
    They eat lemmings, berries, eggs and gulls.
  • Brown bear Large animal with a fur and long
    claws. They eat large amount of berries, fish
    and plants.

13
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14
Endangered Species
  • There are many reason of why animal become
    endangered species, but one of the biggest treats
    facing the animals that live in tundra is global
    warming.
  • For example, polar bears are being highly
    affected by this global warming. Scientist have
    reported effects in the body size and the amount
    of the animals have decreased 15 .
  • Polar bear is the largest four-footed carnivore
    on earth. This animal can live up to 25 years.
    The entire body is furred, even the bottom of the
    paws, which helps prevent them from slipping on
    the ice.
  • Polar bears have this tick skin made specially
    for the harsh environment they live. Polar bears
    are known to be comfortable in freezing water and
    land. They can be found on pack ice, coastal
    islands, coastlines and out in the artic water.

15
Endangered Species
  • Peary Caribou is another animal endangered
    species. Peary Caribou are smaller than
    barren-ground caribou, with a smaller face,
    shorter legs and lighter color. In winter they
    have a mostly white color, during the summer it
    turns into grey, with white legs.
  • Peary caribou are known to be around harsh,
    treeless environment. In summer they hang around
    in moist areas such as river valleys, slopes and
    upland plains. However, in winter they like to
    hang around hill tops and raised beach ridges
    where the snow layer is thinner which makes it
    easier to search for food.

16
Food web
17
Natural resources
  • Tundra has a very cold climate. Most of the
    resources that are easily found in other biomes
    are hard to find them here. This are the 3 most
    abundant resources found in tundra.
  • Ice-gt Ice counts for 90 of the world fresh
    water.
  • Coal-gt Found in swamps as plants die and are
    buried before they can be complety decomposed.
    This is used aa direct heat.
  • Oil-gt Oil is found in the mountains lowlands and
    plateaus. This was made a million years ago
    living things died and as years passed they were
    cover by mud and rocks, and the pressure cause
    the oil to form.

18
Soil
  • Cold temperature and thin sol make it possible
    for artic tundra species to thrive in the alphie
    tundra. However like artic tundra soil, rain
    runs of rather than collecting in the soil,
    making the ground very dry.

19
Threats
  • Pollution is not something that happen right on
    tundra. Tundra pollution problem comes from
    airborne pollutants.
  • The biggest threats comes from oil and gas
    development which results in global warming. As
    the earth warms each day the permafrost melts and
    tundra ecosystem will be ruin, not only that but
    also permafrost has dead plant material thats is
    going into the air as carbon dioxide which will
    speed up global warming.

20
References
  • http//www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/glossary/gloss5/biome
    /tundra.html- Oct 27
  • http//webacc.fsd38.ab.ca/schools/Gibson/milz/geog
    raphy/tundra_far_north_sw/tundra_far_north1.htm-
    Oct 28
  • http//www.defenders.org/wildlife/arctic/caribou.j
    pg- Oct 28
  • http//www.blueplanetbiomes.org/tundra_climate_pag
    e.htm -Oct 29
  • http//www.runet.edu/swoodwar/CLASSES/GEOG235/bio
    mes/tundra/tunill.htmltunmat Oct 30
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