Chapter 4, Lesson 3

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Chapter 4, Lesson 3

• Persia Controls Southwest Asia

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1. Anatolia

• DEFINITON a region in what is now called
  Turkey was also called Asia Minor
• SIGNIFICANCE - conquered by Cyrus, as part of his
  plan to expand his empire.

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2. toleration

• DEFINITON
• allowing conquered peoples to keep their customs
  beliefs
• SIGNIFICANCE
• they could continue to worship their own gods,
  speak their own languages, practice their own
  culture (way of life culture)
• Cyrus made friends with conquered people which
  made it easier to govern them
• There were fewer revolts and people lived in peace

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3. province

• DEFINITON
• an area of land similar to a state
• had its own local government
• One of the 20 political divisions established by
  Darius to govern his emprie
• SIGNIFICANCE
• Dariuss empire was so large he had to divide it
  into smaller parts
• Made governing large empire easier and more
  efficient

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4. satrap

• DEFINITON
• governors of provinces appointed by Darius
• followed Dariuss orders collected taxes
• SIGNIFICANCE
• each satrap had a military commander appointed by
  Darius
• Darius hired spies to make sure satraps were
  following Dariuss orders
• allowed Darius to have greater control over the
  empire

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5. Royal Road

• DEFINITON
• road used for government purposes
• road built, maintained and used by government
• 1,775 miles long
• ran from Susa in the east to Sardis in the west
  on Anatolian Peninsula
• relay station every 15 miles (approx.)
• developed by Darius
• SIGNIFICANCE
• improved communication throughout empire
• used by military, mail services, trade business

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6. What were some geographic characteristics of
the Persian Empire?

• mountain ranges (Zagros, Caucasus, Hindu Kush)
• plateaus
• valleys
• iron
• copper
• gemstones

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• There are several geographic
  characteristics of the Persian Empire? Persia
  was isolated from the rest of the Fertile
  Crescent by three mountain ranges, the Zargos,
  the Caucasus, and the hindu Kush. The population
  lived mostly in the central plateau or in
  valleys, where resources such as iron, copper,
  and gems could be found.

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7. How would you describe the rule of Cyrus?

• popular leader
• toleration
• peaceful
• stable rule

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• Cyruss rule could be described in several
  ways. Cyrus was a popular leader who used a
  policy of toleration to control his empire. He
  allowed conquered peoples to keep their own
  religious practices and language. Cyrus freed
  the Hebrew people from the Chaldeans. His empire
  was relatively peaceful and stable under his rule.

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8. How did Darius govern the Persian Empire?

• broken into 20 smaller provinces
• satraps ruled collected taxes

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• Darius governed the Persian Empire in two
  ways. He divided the empire into 20 provices
  with local governments. He also appointed
  satraps, governors who carried out his orders and
  collected taxes.

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9. How did Darius unite his empire?

• Royal Road (mail, troops, trade)
• minted coins made trade easier

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• Darius united his empire in several ways. To
  unite the empire, Darius used the Royal Road, a
  system of roads that helped to move messages,
  military troops and mail. He also borrowed the
  ideas of minted coins. These coins fostered
  business in the empire because it provided a
  single currency that everyone could use to
  conduct business.