Defining the Activities

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Defining the Activities
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Outline of this Lecture
Terms WBS Definition WBS Examples WBS
Creation IEEE 1074

• Common Terms
• Work Breakdown Structure
• Definition and Uses
• Examples
• Rules for Creating WBSs
• IEEE 1074
• Standard Processes for Life Cycles
• good checklist of common activities

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Jargon Alert!
Terms WBS Definition WBS Examples WBS
Creation IEEE 1074

• Work Breakdown Structure
• Simply stated, a WBS is a hierarchical list of
  the work activities to complete a project. --
  course textbook

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Jargon Alert!
Terms WBS Definition WBS Examples WBS
Creation IEEE 1074

• Activity A major unit of work to be completed
  in achieving the objectives of a software
  project. An activity has precise starting and
  ending dates, incorporates a set of tasks to be
  completed, consumes resources and results in work
  products. An activity may include other
  activities in a hierarchical manner.

IEEE Std 1058 Standard for Software Project
Management Plans
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Jargon Alert!
Terms WBS Definition WBS Examples WBS
Creation IEEE 1074

• Task The smallest unit of work subject to
  management accountability. A task is a well
  defined work assignment for one or more project
  members. The specification of work to be
  accomplished in completing a task is documented
  in a work package. Related tasks are usually
  grouped to form activities.

IEEE Std 1058 Standard for Software Project
Management Plans
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Jargon Alert!
Terms WBS Definition WBS Examples WBS
Creation IEEE 1074

• Work Package A specification for the work to be
  accomplished in completing an activity or task.
  A work package defines the work product(s), the
  staffing requirements, the expected duration, the
  resources to be used, the acceptance criteria for
  the work products, the name of the responsible
  individual, and any special considerations for
  the work.

IEEE Std 1058 Standard for Software Project
Management Plans
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Jargon Alert!
Terms WBS Definition WBS Examples WBS
Creation IEEE 1074

• Project Function An activity that spans the
  entire duration of a software project. Examples
  of project functions include project management,
  configuration management, quality assurance, and
  verification and validation.

IEEE Std 1058 Standard for Software Project
Management Plans
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Jargon Summary

• A SPMP contains the WBS.
• The WBS is made up of a list of Activities.
• Activities are made up of Tasks.

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WBS Definition - MIL-HDBK-881 - 1998
Terms WBS Definition WBS Examples WBS
Creation IEEE 1074

• A product-oriented family tree composed of
  hardware, software, services, data, and
  facilities. The family tree results from systems
  engineering efforts during the acquisition of a
  defense materiel item.
• A WBS displays and defines the product, or
  products, to be developed and/or produced. It
  relates the elements of work to be accomplished
  to each other and to the end product.
• A WBS can be expressed down to any level of
  interest. However the top three levels are as far
  as any program or contract need go unless the
  items identified are high cost or high risk.
  Then, and only then, is it important to take the
  work breakdown structure to a lower level of
  definition.

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Primary use of WBS
Terms WBS Definition WBS Examples WBS
Creation IEEE 1074

• Determining Budget
• Creating a Schedule

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What else is a WBS used for
Terms WBS Definition WBS Examples WBS
Creation IEEE 1074

• Insuring that we didnt forget anything
• Matching staff skills to tasks
• Assignment of responsibilities
• Tracking progress via milestones
• We cannot know that coding is 90 complete
  until coding is finished
• Communicating the big picture

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WBS Contents
Terms WBS Definition WBS Examples WBS
Creation IEEE 1074

• Product-Oriented WBS
• lots of nouns
• Task-Oriented WBS
• lots of verbs

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WBS Formats
Terms WBS Definition WBS Examples WBS
Creation IEEE 1074

• Tree
• Useful at early stages for big picture
• Indented List
• Most popular format
• Easy to create and edit (eg Excel)

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Example WBS
Terms WBS Definition WBS Examples WBS
Creation IEEE 1074

• Task Description Who Resources MS Start Stop
• 1 Get to Work
• 1.1 Eat Breakfast SD, WD bread, coffee 1
• 1.2 Shower SD soap .10
• 1.3 Get Dressed SD existing clothes
• 1.4 Goto Office SD, BD vehicle .75
• 2 Daily Communication
• 2.1 Check Email

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Example WBS
Terms WBS Definition WBS Examples WBS
Creation IEEE 1074
http//www.hyperthot.com/pm_wbs.htm
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Example WBS
Terms WBS Definition WBS Examples WBS
Creation IEEE 1074
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WBS Rules
Terms WBS Definition WBS Examples WBS
Creation IEEE 1074

• Avoid too much detail
• break down until a group can do the activity in a
  week or month - a work package
• Only specify what you can manage
• Limit depth of indention to manageable level
• Use regular milestones
• Helps measure progress

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WBS Rules
Terms WBS Definition WBS Examples WBS
Creation IEEE 1074

• Break it down one level at a time
• Clearly describe each detailed level
• Make it a team effort
• Leverage past projects
• From http//www.chips.navy.mil/archives/03_spring/
  webpages/project1.htm

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WBS Rules
Terms WBS Definition WBS Examples WBS
Creation IEEE 1074

• a. Show all software project work at a level that
  can be used for software project tracking and
  reporting. The WBS must provide the information
  that allows the project manager to extract
  progress measurement (technical, cost, and
  schedule) for the project's required status
  reporting.
• b. Include products, events (e.g., reviews and
  audits), and processes (e.g., software
  qualification) that will show visibility into
  software development, testing, deployment,
  training, and life cycle support (as required).
• c. Assign WBS elements so that they can support
  risk assessment, engineering change proposal
  evaluation, contract change evaluation, interface
  management, data management, and configuration
  control.
• d. Provide the ability to extract costs for
  separate types of software work effort (e.g.,
  prototype, full scale development, maintenance).
• e. Ensure that the WBS is compatible with the
  available project resources (e.g., staff) and
  organization (e.g., independent qualification
  testing).

http//www.stsc.hill.af.mil/resources/tech_docs/pr
ocess_plan/prplp104.html
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Identifying Work Components

• SOW
• Experience / Other WBSs
• Standards Documents
• such as IEEE 1074

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IEEE 1074
Terms WBS Definition WBS Examples WBS
Creation IEEE 1074

• "IEEE Standard for Developing Software Process
  Life Cycles"
• contains a good checklist of activities

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IEEE 1074 Activity Groups

• Software Life Cycle Model Planning
• Project Management
• Predevelopment
• Development
• Post-Development
• Integral

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IEEE 1074

• Software Life Cycle Model Planning
• Project Management
• Predevelopment
• Development
• Post-Development
• Integral

• Software Life Cycle Model Planning
• 1. Map the SLCM to project needs
• Project Management
• 2. Project Initialization
• 3. Project Monitoring and control
• 4. Software Quality Management

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IEEE 1074

• Software Life Cycle Model Planning
• Project Management
• Predevelopment
• Development
• Post-Development
• Integral

• Predevelopment
• 5. Concept Exploration
• 6. System Allocation
• Development
• 7. Requirements
• 8. Design
• 9. Implementation

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IEEE 1074

• Software Life Cycle Model Planning
• Project Management
• Predevelopment
• Development
• Post-Development
• Integral

• Post-Development
• 10. Installation
• 11. Operation and Support
• 12. Maintenance
• 13. Retirement

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IEEE 1074

• Software Life Cycle Model Planning
• Project Management
• Predevelopment
• Development
• Post-Development
• Integral

• Integral
• 14. Verification and Validation
• 15. Software Configuration Management
• 16. Documentation Development
• 17. Training

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IEEE 1074 Activities

• Development
• 7. Requirements
• 24. Define and Development Software Requirements
• 25. Define Interface Requirements
• 26. Prioritize and Integrate Software
  Requirements
• 9. Implementation
• 32. Create Test Data
• 33. Create Source Code
• 34. Generate Object Code
• 35. Create Operating Documentation
• 36. Plan Integration
• 37. Perform Integration

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Next Time

• Before we can build a work plan, we need to know
  how much time everything will take, how many
  people we need, how much money
• In other words, estimating