GREEK ARCHITECTURE

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GREEK ARCHITECTURE
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Athens
HELLENIC PERIOD, 650-323 HELLENISTIC, 323-30
Sparta
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MACEDONIA
THESSALY
LYDIA
ATTICA
IONIA
CRETE
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Minoan Palace Complex Mycenean
Citadel
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GREEK CITY-STATES
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Greek civilization marked by Creation of the
independent city-state the polis Allegience to
the city An early form of democratic system where
priestly class was not powerful Athens in 5th c.
BCE as epitome of Greek system intellectual
inquiry, artistic and literary productions Pursuit
of the Greek ideal in society and art Beyond
the city-states, Greeks united by The
Pan-Hellenic religious cults (Zeus and Apollo
most important cult gods) Common language and
ancestry The Pan-Hellenic Games, starting at
Olympia
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The Greek City
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The Ideal Human Body Athleticism and Olympic
Games 776 BCE
Spear Bearer by Polykleitos 450 BCE
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Planetary movements Musical proportion
Proportion in the Human figure
Platonic, eternal forms
Beauty is mathematical
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CLASSICAL
ARCHAIC
Warrior 460 BCE

Kouros 525 BCE
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Charioteer 477 BCE
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• Greek architecture represented in
• 1. Temples
• 2. Temple complexes (temenos as temple
  precinct)
• 3. The column, or Order of the temple
• Three stages in the development of the temple
• The apsidal chapels, still within a domestic
  setting
• The appearance of peristyles (outer columns)
• Shift to permanent materials from wood to stone

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Temple with interior columns, Hera at Samos
Free-standing temple in stone
Model of temple, Mid-8th c. BCE
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sanctuary (cella) portico
Mycenean megaron
Treasury Building
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Greek Temple embodies Greek civilization Geometry
Enclosure Locations/Siting Column/Orders Techniqu
es Optical Corrections
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Parts of a Greek temple
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Temple types according to column arrangement
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Siting
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DORIC IONIC
CORINTHIAN
The Greek Orders
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Techniques of constructing columns
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Architrave Column Stylobate Entasis
Optical corrections
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The Order of the column Proportion Base Capital F
luting
Doric
Ionic
Temple types according to column types
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Corinthian column
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The Parthenon 447 BCE
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The Goddess Athena as Parthenos the virgin
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The Greek City
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The religious and the political The temple
buildings The civic institutions The citizen The
Acropolis, religious/political center The Agora,
open air commercial center
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The Acropolis, Athens
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The Acropolis
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Caryatid columns
The Erectheion on the Acropolis
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The Agora, Athens
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Stoa, colonnaded portico for meetings
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Agora, Pergamon
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Temple of Apollo, Delphi movement location
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Theater at Epidaurus
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Arrangement Acoustics
Delphi theater
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Temple of Zeus, Olympia
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