Chapter One

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Chapter One

• Challenges and Choices in Public Speaking

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Chapter One

• Why Public Speaking?
• Benefits of Public Speaking
• Public Speaking and the Communication Process
• Public Speech and Pluralistic Voices
• Challenges and Choices of Public Speaking

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Why Public Speaking?

• An Enduring Legacy
• Reasons for Public Speech
• Public Speaking as a Form of Communication

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Why Public SpeakingAn Enduring Legacy

• 476 B.C.- Corax, Sicilian teacher offered lessons
  in rhetoric.
• 427-347 B.C.- Plato, Greek philosopher, viewed
  rhetoric as a means of seeking truth.
• 384-322 B.C.- Aristotle, philosopher and student
  of Plato, viewed rhetoric as the art of
  persuasion. Wrote the textbook, Rhetoric.

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Why Public SpeakingAn Enduring Legacy

• 18th-19th Centuries- colonists delivered speeches
  in the quest for independence.
• 21st Century
• public speaking remains an indispensable vehicle
  for expressing ideas.

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Why Public SpeakingReasons for Public Speech

• 3 Main Functions
• to inform
• to persuade
• to celebrate or commemorate special occasions

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Why Public SpeakingPublic Speaking as a Form of
Communication

• Mass Communication
• communication between a speaker and a large
  audience of unknown people, as in television.

• Dyadic Communication
• communication between two people, as in
  conversation.

• Small Group Communication
• a small number of people who can see and speak
  directly with each other, as in a business
  meeting.

• Public Speaking
• a speaker delivers a message with a specific
  purpose to an audience of people who are present
  at the delivery of a speech.

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Why Public SpeakingPublic Speaking as a Form of
Communication

• Similarities between Public Speaking and Other
  Forms of Communication
• sensitivity to the listeners

• Differences between Public Speaking and Other
  Forms of Communication
• listener feedback
• level of preparation
• degree of formality

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Benefits of Public Speaking

• Becoming a more knowledgeable person
• Honing critical thinking and listening skills
• Enhancing your career as a student
• Accomplishing professional and personal goals
• Exploring and sharing values

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Benefits of Public SpeakingBecoming a More
Knowledgeable Person

• A good speech is a blend of form and content
• Basic speech form
• introduction
• body
• conclusion
• content
• topic of the speech

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Benefits of Public SpeakingHoning Critical
Thinking and Listening Skills

• Public Speaking training sharpens your ability to
  reason or think critically
• learning to make claims and then presenting
  evidence and reasoning that logically support
  them

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Benefits of Public SpeakingEnhancing Your
Career as a Student

• Preparing speeches involves numerous skills that
  you can use in other courses
• research
• organization
• creative thinking

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Benefits of Public SpeakingAccomplishing
Professional and Personal Goals

• Professional Goals
• people at work use public speaking to convey
  information, to persuade and motivate others, and
  even to celebrate their special skills.
• skill in public speaking tops the list of sought
  after skills by many organizations.
• Personal Goals
• public speaking offers a way to communicate your
  personal concerns to others.

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What Skills Employers Want in College Graduates

• Oral Communication
• Interpersonal
• Analytical
• Teamwork
• Flexibility
• Computer
• Proficiency in Field of Study
• Written Communication
• Leadership
• Work Experience

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Benefits of Public SpeakingExploring and
Sharing Values

• Public speaking enables you to express values and
  explore those of others in a civil dialog,
  regardless of whether or not the audience shares
  your viewpoint.

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Public Speaking and the Communication Process

• Communication is an interactive process in which
  people exchange and interpret messages with one
  another.
• Elements of Communication
• Special Speaker Considerations

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Public Speaking and the Communication
ProcessElements of Communication

• Source - person who creates a message
• encoding - physical process of delivering a
  message

• Message - content of the communication process
  thoughts and ideas

• Receiver - recipient of the sources message
• decoding - the process of interpreting the
  speakers message

• Channel - the medium through which the speaker
  sends a message
• noise - the interference that serves as a barrier
  to communication

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Public Speaking and the Communication
ProcessElements of Communication

• Shared Meaning
• mutual understanding of a message between speaker
  and audience

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Public Speaking and the Communication
ProcessSpecial Speaker Considerations

• Other Factors
• Self-concept - strengths and limitations
• Audience - taking audience perspective
• Context - influences on the speaker
• Speech Goals - clear focus
• Outcome - accomplishing what you set out to do

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Public Speech and Pluralistic Voices

• Public Speaking offers an opportunity to
  recognize and appreciate diversity in all its
  forms.
• Pluralistic character is reflected in people of
  various ethnic groups, age groups, persons of
  different sexual orientations, persons with
  disabilities, and in religious diversity

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Public Speech and Pluralistic Voices

• Ethnocentrism
• the belief that the ways of ones own culture are
  superior to those of other cultures

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Challenges and Choices of Public Speaking

• Challenges - simulating tasks or problems
• Choices - options or alternatives for solving
  tasks or problems
• Challenges and Choices of Speech in Democracy
• Making a Difference

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Challenges and Choices of Public SpeakingSpeech
in a Democracy

• As members of a democratic society, we have the
  right to speak freely
• We have the equally important responsibility to
  speak responsibly

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Challenges and Choices of Public SpeakingMaking
a Difference

• Ordinary citizens can and do accomplish a great
  deal through the power of public speaking