The Triumphs and Travails of the Jeffersonian Republic 18001812

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Chapter 11

• The Triumphs and Travails of the Jeffersonian
  Republic 1800-1812

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BEGIN SPENCER'S SLIDES
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Thomas Jefferson

• Inaugurated on March 4, 1801
• We are all republicans, we are all federalists
• Initiated the naturalization law of 1801
• Shortened amount of time to become a naturalized
  citizen from 15yrs to 5yrs

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Albert Gallatin

• Proficient treasurer
• Agreed with Jefferson on the fact that the
  national debt was a bane rather than a blessing.
• A strict economy succeeded in reducing the debt
  while balancing the budget.

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Judiciary Act of 1801

• Created new federal judgeships and other judicial
  offices.
• Federalist sponsored
• To fill those positions, midnight judges were
  appointed but later removed.

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John Marshall

• Revolutionary War veteran from Valley Forge
• Federalist
• Appointed to Supreme Court
• Proved to be a powerful voice in the court
• Shaped the American legal tradition

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Marbury vs. Madison

• 1803 Supreme Court case to determine authority of
  the interpreter of the Constitution
• The idea of judicial review was promoted
• This gave the Supreme Court ultimate authority
  for interpretation of the Constution.
• From here on out the Supreme Court reaffirmed and
  obtained power to judge the meaning of the
  Constitution

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BEGIN BRYANT'S SLIDES
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Peaceful Coercion (p. 219-222)?

• Republican ideal
• Pacifism
• Jefferson and Peaceful Coercion
• Reduction in military strength

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Tripolitan War

• North African Barbary States
• Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Tripoli
• Tributes
• Against Jeffersons policy
• Reluctantly declares war
• Builds a small navy

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Louisiana Purchase

• Napoleon Bonaparte
• France accumulated debts
• Lost Santo Domingo to rebellion
• Americans do not have access to Gulf of Mexico
  through Missisppi River.
• Robert Livingston sent to France to buy New
  Orleans.
• France offers all of Louisiana (including New
  Orleans)?

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Louisiana Purchase (cont.)?

• Louisiana Purchase sold for 15 million
• Doubles the size of the U.S. (828,00 sq. miles)?

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BEGIN NICK'S SLIDES
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Twelfth Congress 1811

• submission men
• war hawks
• Yearned to wipe out a renewed Indian threat in
  the trans-Allegheny wilderness.
• Two Shawnee Brothers
• Tecumseh
• Tenskwatawa the prophet
• Begun to unite Native Americans east of the
  Mississippi

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Indian Conflict

• Fall of 1811
• William Henry Harrison attacked Tecumseh's
  headquarters at the Wabash and Tippecanoe Rivers.
• Tecumseh was absent -recruiting supporters in the
  south
• the prophet attacked Harrison's army
• The prophet was defeated
• Shawnees were routed and their settlement burned

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Result of the prophet's defeat

• Made Harrison a National Hero
• Forced Tecumseh into an alliance with the
  Brittish
• Tecumseh's death in 1813 at the Battle of the
  Thames
• Indian Confederacy perished

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Mr. Madison's War

• Road to war in spring of 1812
• Madison believed a war with Britain was
  inevitable
• British arming of hostile Indians
• Madison turned to war to restore confidence in
  the republican experiment
• Madison and the Republicans came to believe that
  only a rigorous assertion of American rights
  could demonstrate the seriousness of American
  nationhood.

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Beginnings of the War of 1812

• Madison asked Congress to declare war on June 1,
  1812
• Congress obliged
• House of Representatives vote was 79 to 49, in
  favor of war
• Senate vote 19 to 13 in favor.
• Tally revealed deep divisions over the wisdom of
  fighting
• Split was both sectional and partison

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Divisions in the States

• Bitterness of New England Federalists
• New England gave more gold to the British
  Exchequer
• Federalist farmers supplied British soldiers
• Invasion of New York
• New England governors refused to send militia
  outside their states