Interpretacin de Resistencias' De las mutaciones a la clnica' - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Interpretacin de Resistencias' De las mutaciones a la clnica'

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Plan for Success, but Prepare for Failure - Prove that primary drug resistance ... with recent infection and in newly diagnosed with unknown time of infection ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Interpretacin de Resistencias' De las mutaciones a la clnica'


1
Interpretación de Resistencias. De las mutaciones
a la clínica.
  • Carmen de Mendoza
  • Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas
  • Hospital Carlos III, Madrid.

2
History of HIV Drug Resistance
AZT (1986)
HAART (1996)
3
Comprehensive Drug Resistance Overview
4
The equation for ARV success
  • Success of ARV Potency x
    Convenience
  • pill burden
  • toxicity profile

5
First - line therapyPlan for Success, but
Prepare for Failure
  • - Prove that primary drug resistance are not
    present.
  • - Choose regimens with proven efficacy,
    tolerability and
    convenience to support adherence.
  • - Consider the implications of a failing
    regimens resistance on
  • Cross-resistance mutations
  • The availability of future effective options

6
Primary Genotypic Resistance Summary
Transmission of drug resistance viruses
consistently are around 10-15 in HIV infected
individuals with recent infection and in newly
diagnosed with unknown time of infection
7
Prevalencia de mutaciones por familias de
fármacos en Seroconvertores recientes por VIH en
España
De Mendoza C, et al. Clin Infect Dis 2005 41
1350-4
8
Tendencias en la transmisión de virus resistentes
9
Baseline Resistance Predicts Antiviral Response
in Clinical Cohort
  • Retrospective analysis of resistance test results
    of samples taken from 1969 patients when
    treatment naive
  • As expected, baseline mutations associated with
    reduced response

L100F, K103N, V106A/I, V108I, F116Y, Y181C,
G190A/S, M230L. D30N, G48V, I50V, V82A/L/T,
I84V, L90M. P lt .001 for reduced response to
NNRTI in patients with NNRTI resistance vs no
NNRTI resistance. P .026 for increased
response to NNRTI vs PI in patients with PI
resistance.
Price H, et al. IAS 2007. Abstract TUPEB043.
10
Long-term risk of developing drug resistance
  • Risk of developing ARV drug resistance from the
    UK CHIC Study (n 4306)
  • Longitudinal cohort from 6 clinics in London
  • Started ARV therapy with 2 NRTIs plus a 3rd agent
  • Overall risk of treatment failure was 38 over 6
    years
  • Risk of accumulation resistance mutations to any
    drug 27

Phillips et al. AIDS 2005 19 487-94
11
Accumulation of resistance mutations
Increasing Resistance
12
Hospital Carlos IIIARV failure
13
Resistance mutations at Hospital Carlos III
NRTI
NNRTI
PI
De Mendoza et al. ARHR 2007
14
Study population 389 HIV patients who had failed
PIs and begun PI/r regimens
Virological response defined as gt1 log drop in
HIV RNA at w24.
15
De Mendoza et al. HIV Clin Trials 2006 7
163-71.
16
Drug Resistance Interpretation
  • Genotype
  • Phenotype
  • Drug Resistance algorithms
  • Mutation list
  • Mutation score for especific drugs based on
    clinical response
  • Rega, ANRS, Stanford, geno2pheno, Artificial
    Neural Networks (ANN), etc.

17
IAS-USA panel updated 2007
18
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19
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20
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21
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22
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23
Cosas Nuevas en 2007
  • Listado de mutaciones que deben aparecer en los
    informes de resistencias
  • Recomendaciones sobre cuando hacer resistencias
  • Hipersusceptibilidad
  • Resistencias a nuevos fármacos RAL, ETV,
    Maraviroc
  • Polimorfismos frecuentes en subtipos no-B
  • Ponderación de cada mutación para cada fármaco

24
Métodos utilizados en la elaboración de las guías
del 2007
  • Listado de mutaciones de la IAS-USA 2007
  • Stanford University HIV drug resistance database
  • Celera PRS for ViroSeq HIV-1 Genotyping software
    v2.8
  • Trugene guideline v.12
  • Prevalencia y asociación de mutaciones de
    resistencia en el fracaso.
  • Datos de los ensayos clínicos DUET, BENCHMRK y
    MOTIVATE

25
Posiciones que deben aparecer recogidas en los
informes de resistencias
26
Inhibidores de la RT Análogos de Nucleosido
27
(No Transcript)
28
Inhibidores de Proteasa
29
Inhibodores de Fusión, Inhibidores de la
Integrasa y Antagonístas de CCR5
30
Agradecimientos
  • Grupo de Español de estudio de SCV y Plataforma
    de Resistencias del RIS
  • - Jorge del Romero y Carmen Rodríguez. Centro
    Sanitario Sandoval, Madrid
  • Pilar Leiva. Hospital General de Asturias,
    Oviedo
  • Antonio Aguilera. Hospital Xeral de Santiago
  • Jose Pedreira. Hospital Juan Canalejo, La Coruña
  • Jesús Aguero, Ana Saiz. Hospital Marques de
    Valdecilla, Santander
  • José Mª Eiros, Raúl Ortíz de Lejarazu. Hospital
    Clínico de Valladolid
  • Federico Garcia. Hospital Clínico San Cecilio,
    Granada
  • Isabel Viciana. Hospital Virgen de la Victoria,
    Málaga
  • Manolo Leal, Alex Vallejo. Hospital Virgen del
    Rocio, Sevilla.
  • Javier Colomina. Hospital de la Ribera, Valencia
  • Concha Tuset. Hospital General de Valencia
  • Javier Martínez-Picado, Josep Mª Llibre,
    Bonaventura Clotet. Hospital Germans Trias i
    Pujol, Badalona
  • José Luis Blanco, Josep Mª Gatell. Hospital
    Clinic, Barcelona.
  • Melchor Riera, Carmen Vidal. Hospital Son
    Dureta, Palma de Mallorca.
  • Francesc Vidal. Hospital Joan XXIII, Tarragona
  • Estrella Caballero, Esteban Ribera. Hospital
    Vall d Hebrón, Barcelona.
  • Mª Jesús Pérez-Elias, Carolina Gutierrez,
    Santiago Moreno. Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid.
  • Hospital Carlos III
  • Sección de Laboratorio
  • Angélica Corral
  • Natalia Zahonero
  • Carolina Garrido
  • Eva Poveda
  • Sección Clínica
  • Pablo Labarga
  • Pilar García Gasco
  • Pablo Barreiro
  • Vicente Soriano
  • Juan González-Lahoz
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