Animal Models: The Rosetta Stone of Translational Research

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Animal Models The Rosetta Stone of
Translational Research

• National Advisory Research Resource Council
  Meeting
• May 22, 2007

Franziska B. Grieder, DVM, PhD John D. Harding,
PhD Division of Comparative Medicine
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Smallpox vaccination with Cowpox

• Edward Jenner used Cowpox virus to demonstrate
  the principle of vaccination
• The observation of the similarity between
  Cowpox and Smallpox resulted in the new approach
  to protection against a deadly disease

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Other contributions

• Infectious Disease Pathogenesis, Vaccines and
  Drugs
• Polio, Anthrax, Hepatitis B C
• Surgical procedures
• Open heart surgery, heart valve replacement,
  coronary artery bypasses, cardiac catheterization
• Drug safety evaluation
• Anesthesia techniques
• Diagnostic testing

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Animal Models in Translational Research
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Slide for full-screen images only
Animal Models in Drug Discovery
mouse
MRI insertiontube
Discovery
Exploratory Development
Full Development
0
10
5
Years
NCRR
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Case Study The Dopamine Transporter in Disease
and Addiction

• Major control point at synapses involving
  dopamine as neurotransmitter.
• Reabsorbs dopamine into the presynaptic neuron.
• Involved in many psychiatric conditions and
  diseases.
• Cocaine addiction
• Parkinsons disease
• ADHD

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Case Study Development of an Imaging Agent for
Dopamine Transporters (DAT)

• Discovery phase
• Cocaine inhibits the DAT (mice, monkeys)
• Development of Altropane (cocaine analog) to
  visualize the DAT (monkeys)
• Pre-clinical phase
• Patent licensing and commercial development
• Altropane-based imaging of Parkinsons and ADHD
  patients
• Clinical phase
• Phase III trial as Parkinsons diagnostic
• Phase II trial as ADHD diagnostic

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Nationwide NCRR Funded Programs CTSAs, NPRCs and
NCRR Training grants for Veterinarians (T32T35)
Univ. of Washington
Wash State
Oregon Health Sciences Univ.
JAX
Columbia
Harvard
U. Rochester
Cornell
MN
Wisconsin
Tufts
MSU
Michigan
Mayo
MIT
Yale
Rockefeller
Penn
CSU
Ohio St.
UC Davis
Illinois
Hopkins
Stanford
KSU
Purdue
Va Tech
UC SF
Missouri
Wake
OK State
Duke
Emory Univ.
Miss St.
Alabama
Texas AM
LSU
Florida
Tulane
The Southwest Foundation
UTHSC Houston
CTSA NPRC T35 Pre Doc T32 Post Doc T32
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Vision Animal Models and Translational Research

• Training of Translational Scientists
• Rotation of fellows in Departments of Comparative
  Medicine
• Animal resource tutorials
• Publications and web-based tools
• Conferences to share information
• Gordon-Conference format
• Annual event
• Pilot Projects
• Collaborative projects between clinical/translatio
  nal scientist and animal model/translational
  scientist