Development Needs of Master

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Development Needs of Masters Programs in Global
Health Nursing and Midwifery in Japan
The 1st International Nursing Research Conference
of WANS
Sept. 20, 2009

• Junko Tashiro, RN, PhD Shigeko, Horiuchi, RN,
  SMW, DNSc
• Yasuko, Nagamatsu, RN MS Michiko, Oguro, SMW,
  DNSc
• Yukiko, Manabe, RN, MS Yuko, Hirano, RN, PhD
• St. Lukes College of Nursing,
• WHO Collaborating Center for Nursing in PHC

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Background (Global Trend)WHO Policy on
Strengthening Nursing and Midwifery

• 1989WHA42.27 Resolution Strengthening nursing/
  midwifery in support of the Strategy for Health
  for All
• WHA45.5,49.1, 47.9, 48.8, 49.1, 54.12, 57.19,
  59.23/27
• 2000 United Nations The Millennium Development
  Goals were accepted
• 2007 March Islamabad Declaration
• 2008 Feb Chang Mai Declaration
• 2008 MarchWHO Scale-up of Nurses and Midwives
  for
• Contribution to MDGs

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Background (Japan)

• Strengthening Nursing Midwifery is essential to
  obtain Goals of Global Health.
• Japanese nurses and midwives have been working to
  improve Global Health.
• Higher educational institutions in Nursing have
  prepared International Nursing or Global Health
  Nursing programs.
• 40 (67/168) of the BSN programs offered
  International nursing related subjects.
• 15 (16/104) of the Master programs offered
  International or Global Health Nursing courses.

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Purpose

• To describe developmental needs of current
  masters programs of International or Global
  Health Nursing in order to further develop and
  increase numbers of masters prepared Japanese
  nurses contributing to global health.
• -To examine current curriculum, teaching
  methods and materials.
• -To form a consortium of faculties teaching
  international nursing and determine the core
  curriculum standard.

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Method 1 Organization of Consortium of
International Nursing Midwifery
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Method 2

• First PhaseInvestigate using Web-site search for
  higher educational institutions informing their
  International or Global Health Nursing or
  Midwifery
• Second Phase Invite members to International
  Nursing Midwifery Consortium
• Third Phase The first Consortium Meeting on
  current curriculum of each masters program was
  held, and information was collected

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Ethical Considerations

• An invitation letter to faculty members teaching
  International Nursing or Midwifery informed and
  invited them to sign-up for this project.
• Participants agreed to present their educational
  programs.
• The IRB of our Institution (No. 08-054 ) approved
  this study.

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Result 1 Participants of the Consortium of
International Nursing Midwifery in Japan

• Nov, 2008
• Agreeing to become members were Faculties
  from
• - 3 Midwifery programs (A, B. L)
• - 7 Masters course (A,B,C,E,H,L,K)
  

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Result 2 Midwifery Programs

• 3 Masters programs of Midwifery
• Names of Sub-course in Midwifery
• - ?International Midwifery? (A),
• - ?International Health Midwifery? (B),
• - ?International Collaboration? (L),

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Result 3 Midwifery-Educational Goals, Methods,
and Contents
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Result 4 Challenges

• Curriculum is overcrowded because of midwifery
  licensure requirements
• Curriculum does not included local anesthesia,
  episiotomy, suture, laboratory testing, and
  medications due to limitations of responsibility
  of Japanese midwives compared to masters
  programs in other countries

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Result 5International NursingCourse Title,
Teaching Methods and Credit Hours

• International Nursing A, B, C, E,
• A Special lectures(including visiting
  professors) 4cr, Seminar 4cr, Research 8cr,
  total 16 credits
• B LectureSeminarPracticum Total 16cr
• C Special Lecture, Seminar, Research 14cr
• International Community NursingJ 32 cr and
  above,
• International Nursing Administration K 4cr
• International Health Nursing K NA

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Result 6-1International Nursing Educational
Goals

• To gain fundamental as well as professional
  competence working with collaborative projects in
  Nursing/Midwifery in developing countries (A)
• To educate nurses to be collaborative partners
  in host countries in developing countries (B)
• To educate nursing practitioners enabling
  technical cooperation for developing countries(C)
• To educate nursing researchers contributing to
  international or global health (E)
• To gain higher competence as global community
  health nurse based on PHC (J)
• To gain knowledge and skills of nursing
  administration in international or global health
  cooperation for enabling nurse management (K)

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Result 6-2International Nursing
Teaching Contents

• A Identifying global health issues, strategies
  and research Assessment of
• health issues of a focused country
  identify strategies to improve health
• status of the focused population based
  on literature review conduct field
• survey or work and develop
  recommendation
• B Study on ICN position statement, MDGs, Human
  Development Index,
• Social epidemiology, Disaster nursing,
  Disaster cycle and nursing,
• Mental Health Care, Emergency Training
  Simulation
• C International nursing co-operation process and
  evaluation in developing
• countries Cross cultural nursing for
  foreigners staying in Japan
• J International health Social anthropology
  (electives)?Community health
• activity Nursing ethics Nursing and
  health policy Nursing education
• Nursing administration Nursing
  consultation Introduction of international
• community nursing/ practice/ seminar
  Community development
• H International emergency relief Nursing
  research methodology in
• International nursing

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Result 7International Nursing- Challenges

• Shortage of faculty members teaching
  International or Global Health Nursing
• Limited number of students majoring in
  International Nursing and enrollment is
  unpredictable.
• Faculty members must also teach community
  nursing, nursing education, nursing
  administration, and disaster nursing

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Result 8Teaching Materials

• Information from Web of International
  organizations such as
• ?WHO http//www.who.int/en/ (F)
• ?UNICEF http//www.unicef.org/ (F)
• Existing English and Japanese reference, DVDs
  such as
• ?Merson, Black, Mill. (2000). International
  Public Health. An Aspen Publication (A)
• ?Werner, D. (1993). Where there is no doctor.
  Macmillan Education LTD(A)
• Visual materials
• DVD Case of International Cooperation (K)
• VTR of Midwifery practicum, Simulations(L)

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Conclusions

• International Nursing or Midwifery is a new
  specialty based on global health needs, and
  developed from Community Health Nursing, Nursing
  Education, and Administration
• Educational goals and competencies of
  International nurses and midwives are in common.
• Major specialty issues are faculty, curriculum,
  teaching contents and methods.
• Further refinement of competencies in
  international collaboration, and development of
  core curriculum, is needed.

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For further development

• In order to further develop International Nursing
  Midwifery
• - Strengthen the consortium to increase sharing
  information about human resources, educational
  events, and develop new systems for effective
  education.
• Develop a network among higher educational
  institutions or faculty members of Global Health
  Nursing and Midwifery in other countries in order
  to strengthen multinational collaboration for
  Health Equity