Digital Content Protection Overview

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Digital Content ProtectionOverview

• April 26, 2002

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• Current digital media landscape
• Current/emerging protection measures
• Future trends
• Issues

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Digital Media Landscape
Storage
Content Pipes Players
User interface Users
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Content Types

• Audio-visual
• Sound
• Interactive
• Executables
• Text
• Other data

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Digital distribution pipes

• Narrowband phone
• Broadband (Cable/DSL/Satellite)
• Cable
• DBS
• Broadcast (Digital TV/Radio/Datacasting)
• Wireless 2 way nets
• 2.5/3G cell
• 802.11x hot spots
• LMDS/MMDS

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Players

• PCs/Info appliances
• TV STBs (Digital cable/VDSL/PVRs/ITV)
• DVD/DVD-R
• D-VHS
• i-DVD
• Game console
• CD
• MP3
• MP4
• PDAs
• Cell phones

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Digital storage media

• DVD
• CD
• D-VHS
• DAT
• Removeable Mag disc
• Hard Mag Disc
• Flash RAM/ROM
• Non volatile-RAM
• Micro-optical

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User interface

• TV
• Stereo
• PC display
• Phone display
• PDA display

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Users

• Primary
• consumers
• Secondary
• Libraries
• Teachers/Students
• Researchers/Developers
• Special needs
• Disabled

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Current protection measures

• Audio-visual
• Stored media
• DVD CSS
• Macrovision
• D-VHS D-Theatre
• Cable /satellite
• Conditional access systems (W/return path)
• Web
• Proprietary DRMs (e.g. Microsoft MRM)
• Open rights languages (XRML, ORDL)

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Emerging protection measures

• Audio-visual
• Stored media (DVDs, PVRs)
• CPRM/4C
• DTCP/5C
• D-Theater
• HDCP/DVI
• HDMI
• Cable /satellite
• PODs
• STB protections
• 4C/5C/
• HDCP/HDMI/DVI
• PHILA/OCAP
• Broadcast
• Flags
• Watermarks (e.g. CPRM/4C)
• Web
• Secure PC

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Current protection measures

• Audio
• Stored media/recorders
• Legislation (DMCA, AHRA)
• CD copy protect (e.g. Cactus Data Shield)
• CGMS, SCMS
• SDMI
• Web
• Proprietary DRMs (e.g. Microsoft MRM)
• Open rights languages (XRML, ORDL)
• Secure audio path

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Emerging protection measures

• Music/Audio
• Stored media/recorders
• Watermarks for playback/copy control (e.g.
  Verance)
• DVD-audio CSS-2
• Web
• Secure PC

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Marked Content accompanied by DRM
Un- Marked Content not accompanied by DRM
Marked Content not accompanied by DRM
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Future trends

• All different player types connected in home
• Storage media portable between different player
  types
• Moores law will aggravate piracy problem
• Faster pipes
• Better compression
• Bigger memories
• Smaller storage
• New potential fair uses of rich media (distance
  learning)
• New players (e.g. MP4), pipes (Digital
  Terrestrial Broadcast), media types (e.g.
  Interactive TV)will emerge
• Consumers growing up with belief that sharing
  of licensed content with others is OK

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Issues

• Protection of unsecured content in peer-to-peer
  networks
• Affordable protection in devices (e.g. PCs) with
  many inputs, internal data paths, storage
  devices, data types and outputs
• Renewability/extensibility of new measures
• Managing the legacy problem while enabling
  responsible innovation
• Interoperability of proprietary DRMs and other
  protections
• Public vs. private ownership
• Role of government
• Number of distinct measures needed to accommodate
  variability of compute power, memory, display
  performance, return path etc
• Accommodating fair use and potential fair use
  applications
• Consumer time shifting/portability, distance
  learning
• Digital check out from libraries
• Achieving Multiple lines of defense for unsecured
  content
• Playback control
• Copy control
• Transmission control
• Forensic tracking
• Renewability/revocability of all of above
• Enabling new business models (e.g.
  super-distribution)