Plagiarism, Research and Citations

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Plagiarism, Research and Citations
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Conflicting Views

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What is Plagiarism?
In a survey of 18,000 U.S. college students 38
of respondents acknowledged engaging in one
or more instances of Internet-facilitated
cut-and-paste 40 said they had plagiarized
using conventional books, journals and other
sources. CQ 9/03
buying a paper OR borrowing a paper OR having
someone else write
your paper
Deliberate Plagiarism
creative cutting pasting, paraphrasing, OR n
ot citing your source

Accidental Plagiarism
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http//owl.english.purdue.edu/handouts/research/r_
plagiar.html
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Online Research Findings

• Theres a gap between what instructors expect and
  students actually use
  
• Theres confusion about what to cite and how to
  cite it
  
• Internet sources are used more often than
  scholarly resources in papers

--http//people.cornell.edu/pages/pmd8/
The Effect of the Web on Undergraduate Citation
Behavior
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Primary vs. Secondary Sources
Many blame the ease of plagiarizing on the
Internet and the pressures of deadlines

• Secondary
• analysis of the work
• review of a particular genre
• article or essay about the work
• biography of the author
• print or electronic reference sources

• Primary
• an original work
• poem
• short story
• art work
• video
• electronic resources

CitePrimary and Secondary sourcesPrint and
Electronic sources
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Research Using the Internet
There are More than 3 million websites

• The average lifespan of a website is 6 years.
• Search engines don't always get it right.
  Non-relevant pages make it through to the top
  sometimes.
  
• Everyone has the authority to publish anything on
  the web.
  
• There are no fact-checkers or editors to question
  objectivity of material.
  
• There are no web standards to confirm accuracy of
  a site.

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Key to Citing Electronic Sources

• Title, Author, Publication Information
• Author or Organization
• Date of Last Update
• URL / Web Page Address
• Date of Access
• Keep a printed copy of the first page to document
  your search

82 of URLs cited lead to the wrong Internet

document
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Paper Mills
Hamlet! Othello! Macbeth! King Lear!.. If all
the world's a stage, use our essays to help you
get through the first act!
All papers only 9.95
Topic Shakespeare
paper mills operate on the price per page
philosophy
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Paper Mills Reality

• The average cost for a 10
• page paper is over 84
• Papers are old (1982)
• Quality is judged mediocre
• Papers circulate
• in many sites
• Most references are either inaccurate or dont
  exist
  

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To cite or not to cite?
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To cite or not to cite?
Hamlet is the source for To be or not to be.

Fact/Common Knowledge

Shakespeares characters range from noble to
violent and disgusting, confused to utterly cert
ain, lewd to virginal, fanatical to aesthetic,
crippled to gargantuan.

Granta, Autumn 1997 n59 p251(4) A note on
Shakespeare. (William Shakespeare)(France The
Outsider) Harold Pinter.
Quote
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When Combining Facts Ideas
Studies show 90 of college students know
plagiarism is wrong, but do it anyway because
they don't think they'll get caught
CQ Researcher 9/13/03
Think about common knowledge
are you paraphrasing or
just rearranging words?
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Paraphrasing
Paraphrasing has to do with the sequence of id
eas, the arrangement of material, the pattern of
thought Good Site to learn more http//owl.eng
lish.purdue.edu/handouts/research/r_quotprsum.html

Use your own words when you paraphrase,
dont just move things around
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Because . Since
child care facilities... facilities fo
r child care
and ... also
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Avoiding Plagiarism
Original Text "The journal begins, naturally,
as a particularized account of the events in
Crusoe's daily life" (McFarlane 261).
Plagiarism Crusoe's journal begins as a particu
larized account of the events in his daily life.
Correctly quoted As McFarlane points out, the e
arly pages are "a particularized account of the
events in Crusoe's daily life" (261).
Correctly paraphrased McFarlane points out that
early pages of Crusoe's journal describe his life
in detail (261).
http//www.usask.ca/english/courses/index.htm
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Working with quotations

• Follow the MLA Guidelines
• Quotations with fewer than five lines in your
  paper should be set off with quotation marks
  
  
• Do enough background reading to learn what
  common knowledge is
  

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Helpful Sites
Standard Documentation Formats
http//www.utoronto.ca/writing/document.html
On-line Resources for Documenting Electronic
Sources http//owl.english.purdue.edu/handouts/re
search/r_docelectric.html Slate Citation Machine
http//www.landmark-project.com/citation_machine/
cm.php?ctype_get5 UConn Library Guides MLA Cit
ations http//www.lib.uconn.edu/using/finding/gui
des/MLAbibli.PDF
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Questions
Questions/Comments Contact shelley.roseman_at_uconn
.edu
tel. [phone]
Updated September 25, 2003