The Solar Opportunities in Post Frame NFBA Show Bill Croucher, P.E. DirectorEngineering 2262009

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The Solar Opportunitiesin Post FrameNFBA
ShowBill Croucher, P.E.Director-Engineering2/26
/2009
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Subjects to be covered

• Topics
• Tax credits for reflective roofing
• Photovoltaic systems
• Active
• passive

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Solar energy is not all good

• The sun heats dark surfaces more than light ones
• Solar gain adds to air conditioning costs
• Solar gain can cause the urban heat island effect
• Center of large cities can be 7 to 9 degrees
  hotter than suburbs

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Solar Heat Gain
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Reflectivity

• Metal reflectivity is dependent on color
• And the type of pigments used

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Reflectivity

• Conventional pigments reflectivity
• Light colors are highly reflective
• Medium colors are medium
• Dark colors are low reflectivity

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TSR Total Solar Reflectance TE Thermal
Emittance
TSR0.65 TE0.85
TSR0.54 TE0.85
TSR0.27 TE0.85
TSR0.15 TE0.85
TSR0.06 TE0.85
TSR0.11 TE0.85
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ENERGY STAR Requirements

• Low Slope (212 or less)
• initial TSR .65
• 3 year TSR .50
• Steep Slope ( 212)
• initial TSR .25
• 3 year TSR .15
• No Emissivity requirements (but reported in 08)

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So what does all this mean?

• For residential metal roofing a 30 tax credit
  for Energy Star rated painted metal roofing
  (matl only)
• Maximum credit is 1500
• Just signed into law last week
• Roof must be installed in 2009 or 2010

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Power Generation

• The US presently uses several types of
• electric power generation
• Combustion 71.4
• Nuclear 19.3
• Hydroelectric 6.5
• Geothermal 1.0
• Wind 1.0
• Solar 0.4
• Other 0.4

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Solar Power Generation

• Solar Advantages GREEN
• Very economical to operate
• No harmful pollution
• May be located virtually anywhere
• Can be nearly zero maintenance costs
• Virtually inexhaustible source of power
• Generates maximum power at peak demand times
• Solar Disadvantages
• Only generates during daylight hours
• Several competing technologies available which
  results in marketplace confusion
• High initial cost (but is getting more
  competitive)

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World Solar Radiation Levels
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U.S. Solar Radiation Levels
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Types of Solar Power

• Active
• Move to follow the sun
• Passive
• Stationary

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Solar Power Generation

• Active Types
• Heat-generating Solar Parabolic Troughs
• Heat-generating Solar Power Towers
• Are actually sun-powered generation plants
• Polycrystalline Photovoltaic
• Generates power by non-mechanical means
• All have higher capital maintenance costs than
  passive
• Active Solar Technology Advantages
• Generates more electricity than passive

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Parabolic Trough
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Active Solar Facility
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Active Crystalline Solar Array
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Solar Power Generation

• Passive Types
• Polycrystalline Photovoltaic usually large
  structural arrays that until recently, were most
  efficient passive type
• Thin Film Photovoltaic may or may not need
  framing and/or other accessories are now more
  efficient than polycrystalline, especially in
  lower light conditions
• Passive Solar Technology Advantages
• Lower capital cost
• Converts light directly into electricity
• Lowest maintenance costs no moving parts

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Passive Crystalline Array
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Remote Power Structures
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Solar Power Generation

• Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) systems
  using thin film technology has eliminated many
  solar challenges
• Very thin (0.2), flexible and light weight (0.75
  p.s.f.)
• Adhered by Peel and Stick method to certain
  types of Standing Seam Metal Roofing (SSR)
• No special framing or building modification
  required
• Completely integrated systems include all
  required accessories
• More efficient in lower light

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Thin Film BIPV Solar Panel
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Earlier Challenges

• Previously, in order to use a leading edge
  electrical generation technology, the designer
  was required to
• Determine which technology to use
• Design the electrical system
• Engineer the required support structure
• Calculate the ROI for the owner
• Test the system
• Provide a warranty, if possible

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Challenge Solutions

• Service companies have emerged that will provide
  a leading edge generation system at little or no
  cost to the owner, then sell the systems
  electricity to that owner at reduced rates
• You provide these companies your roof to use for
  their PV system
• You get the electricity for a lower rate
• Manufacturers have learned how to standardize
  systems and now have the experience to provide
  these systems at a reasonable cost

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Solar SSR System
Electricity producing Solar SSR panels
On Grid system is shown Off Grid systems
require battery storage between the DC Disconnect
and Inverter
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Electrical Components
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Solar SSR System
Energy Production (kWhr)
20 more energy produced by thin-film laminate
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Solar SSR System

• Solar Panel Installation
• Adhere directly onto the exposed face of the
  standing seam roof panel in the field or shop
  between 50 and 100F
• Usually installed in field by roofing contractor
• SSR panels must be clean and smooth with no ribs,
  striations or embossing
• Painted or unpainted steel
• Creates a singular composite panel
• A true Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV)
  roof product is created

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Solar SSR System
Superior to polycrystalline silicon solar panels

• No roof penetrations to install
• Eliminates additional structural support
  requirements
• Curving is permitted
• Roof slopes between 112 and 2112
• Maintains serviceability and walkability of the
  roof
• Carries very high wind and hail resistance
  ratings
• Extremely light weight
• Very durable

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Solar Panels on Exposed fastener panels

• BIVP solar thin film laminates can be adhered to
  flat sheets
• Flat sheets are then attached over exposed
  fastener systems

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Solar SSR System

• How BIVP solar power is harvested
• Triple-junction technology captures three
  different wave lengths (red, green/yellow and
  blue) of sunlight
• Panels are electrically daisy-chained together to
  maximize output
• Power is converted from DC to AC and is returned
  to the grid
• Battery storage, if required, is located between
  the Disconnect switch and Inverter
• An optional Data Acquisition System provides
  real-time analysis of energy production

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Solar SSR System

• Power Plant Sizes
• A wide range of power plant sizes are now
  available for you to choose from, depending upon
  your owners budget and building requirements
• Some pre-engineered standard system sizes are
  available
• Custom sizes may be specified
• The system requires approximately 1000 s.f. of
  solar panels for a 5kW
• 5kW is a little less than the normal household
  would use
• Actual usage requirements do not need to be met
  with an on-grid system

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Solar SSR System

• ROI Calculations
• If requested, some suppliers will be able to
  supply you with a very detailed and accurate
  up-to-the-day ROI calculation
• Calculations can be for all power plant size
  options that fit your project
• Calculations should include all current federal
  rebates, state and local incentives, utility
  provider incentives, renewable energy credits,
  depreciation and carbon offset
• In some locations, ROI can occur well under 10
  years

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Solar SSR System

• System costs
• Initial costs are high
• About 30 off-set by tax incentives
• Other power company incentives may be available

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Solar SSR System

• Warranty and Technical Support
• The complete BIPV system should come with a
  20-year manufacturers warranty
• The manufacturer should provide ongoing technical
  support for both you and the owner

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The Solar Opportunitiesin Post FrameNFBA
ShowBill Croucher, P.E.Director-Engineering2/26
/2009