The Exceptional Child SpeechLanguage Impairments and Orthopedic Impairments

1
The Exceptional ChildSpeech/Language Impairments
and Orthopedic Impairments

• By Tiffany Barnes
• Cathy Binetti
• Rachel Ivie
• Cathy Uhl

2
Statistics Show

• Communication disorders affect approximately 1
  out of every 10 people in the U.S.
• Approximately 60,000 students in the U.S. are
  orthopedically impaired

3
Definition of a Speech/Language Impairment (SI)

• Problems with communication skills disrupt
  communication or affect emotional, social,
  intellectual, or education growth

4
Causes of SI

• hearing loss
• neurological disorders
• brain injury
• mental retardation
• drug abuse
• physical impairments such as cleft palate
• vocal abuse or misuse
• frequently unknown

5
Categories of SI

• Articulation (trouble pronouncing sounds)
• Fluency (stuttering)
• Voice (vocal quality)
• Language
• semantics
• syntax
• pragmatics

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Eligibility and Legal Provisions

• Classroom teacher suspects problem
• Parents are contacted
• SST (student support team) packet is completed by
  teacher and parents
• Teacher requests hearing/vision screening if
  referral is for speech only
• SST decides on strategies if referral is for
  language only
• Speech pathologist completes comprehensive
  evaluation

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Teaching Strategies

• Eye contact
• Visual cues with teacher talk
• Connection of pictures and words
• Avoid ambiguities
• Breakdown tasks
• Give information in chunks
• Graphic organizers
• Peer buddy or assistant

• Encourage discussion in one-on-one setting
• Allow for responses other than verbal
• Give more time for processing information
• Ask for clarification if you dont understand
• Use of text on tape

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Questions?
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Definition of Orthopedic Impairment

• Physical disability that adversely affects
  educational performance
• Can hamper students mobility, coordination,
  stamina, communication, or learning abilities
• Can be temporary, intermittent, chronic,
  progressive, or terminal

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Causes

• Large portion caused by injury
• 20 are congenital
• Disabilities often cause OI
• cerebral palsy
• spina bifida
• amputations/ limb absences
• muscular dystrophy

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Common Characteristics

• Deficits in fine and gross motor developments
• Speech and communication problems
• Low, average, or gifted intellectual functioning
• Average or gifted students may participate full
  time in regular classrooms

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Eligibility

• Medical evaluation by a licensed medical doctor
  is required
• Evaluation includes
• diagnosis of students orthopedic impairment
• information regarding medications, surgeries,
  special diet, special health care procedures, and
  activity restrictions
• comprehensive educational assessment
• documentation of deficits in academic
  functioning, adaptive functioning,
  social-emotional functioning, motor development,
  and communication abilities
• psychological evaluation

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Legal Provisions

• Documentation of eligibility is obtained
• IEP is developed to
• meet childs needs
• adapt school and classroom environment

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Teacher Collaboration

• Key to successfully including the OI student in
  the regular education classroom
• OI teacher works with classroom teacher and the
  student to adapt him to the classroom environment
  and decide on effective strategies

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Teaching Strategies

• (most strategies will be addressed in the IEP)
• Use of slant board for writing
• Assistive technology
• Overhead hard copies
• Use of tables instead of desks
• Peer buddy or assistant
• Making physical accommodations as needed

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Conclusion
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References

• Georgia Department of Education 2003,
  Exceptional Students State Rules (appendix J).
  Retrieved January 30, 2004, from
  http//www.doe.k12.ga.us/curriculum/exceptional/r
  ules.asp
• Strategies for teaching students with
  communication disorders. (n.d.). Retrieved
  February 1, 2004, from http//www.as.wvu.edu/aca
  d/text/comm.html
• Language difficulties in school Classroom
  strategies for primary schools. (2002).
  Retrieved February 1, 2004, from
  http//www.ican.org.uk/pdf/profs3.pdf
• National Information Center for Children and
  Youth with Disabilities 2001, Definition of
  speech and language disorders. Retrieved
  January 29, 2004, from http//www.parentpals.com