Bluetooth Wireless Protocol

1
Bluetooth Wireless Protocol

• ECOM 540
• 7/17/00
• Project Team
• Shu-Chun Ho, Tom Kartheiser, Gwen Zahrobsky,
  Frank Zuccarelli

2
Overview

• Bluetooth SIG
• Wireless Technology
• Wireless Market
• Bluetooth Products

3
Bluetooth

• Named after Harold Bluetooth, King of Denmark
  (0952-0995 A.D.)
• Ericsson a Scandanavian company and founding
  member said to have suggested the code name
• Technology allows for the connection of one
  device to another using a universal short-wave
  radio link

4
Bluetooth SIG

• Special Interest Group formed by leaders in
  telecommunications and computing industries
• Founded in1998 by Ericsson, IBM, Intel, Nokia,
  Toshiba, 3Com, Lucent, Microsoft and Motorola
• Developed a royalty-free, open specification
• Now has 1883 adopter member companies

5
Adopter Benefits

• Right to use the specification for product and
  software development
• Access to pre-release spec and documents
• Participation in an online forum

6
Qualification Program

• Guarantees that Bluetooth products are wireless
  made easy
• The qualification is brand approval, not type
  approval
• Protects the Bluetooth brand by ensuring
  interoperability
• Grants manufacturers the right to use the
  Bluetooth trademark

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Product Qualification Process
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How Does Bluetooth Work?

• Short Range RF at 2.45 GHZ called ISM
• Uses Quick Frequency Hoping Packet Switched
  Protocol
• Transceiver has a unique 48 Bit Address
• Using IEEE 802 Standard
• Piconet Network Structure

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How Does Bluetooth Works?(cont.)
10
How Does Bluetooth Works?(cont.)

• More than one Piconet is a Scatternet
• Up to Eight Devices Allowed in a Piconet
• Each Piconet is Identified by a Different
  Frequency Hopping Sequence
• Connections can be made up to 10 meters or
  extended up to 100 meters
• Power Consumption is .3mA
• Supports Half-Duplex or Full-Duplex
• Time Division Duplex Scheme is used fo Full-Duplex

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How Does Bluetooth Works?(cont.)
12
How Does Bluetooth Works?(cont.)
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Competing Technologies

• IrDA- Infrared Data Association
• Narrow Angle Infrared Ad-Hoc Data Standard
• Range is 0-1 Meter at 9600bps to 4Mbps
• HomeRF
• 2.4 GHz ISM
• Uses Swap a Derivative of IEEE 802 Standard
• SWAP( Shared Wireless Access Protocol)

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Bluetooth Protocol Stack

• Interoperability
• Different Applications can run over Different
  Protocol Stacks
• Open Interface
• Protocol Divided Into 4 layers

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Bluetooth Protocol Stack
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Bluetooth Protocol Stack

• Host Controller Interface(HCI)- Command Interface
  to Baseband Controller, Link Mgr, Access to
  Hardware
• Bluetooth Core Protocols
• Baseband-pluse link Layer Provide RF link to
  Create Piconets
• Audio-Goes Directly to Baseband Layer
• Link Manager Protocol(LMP)- Link setup between
  Bluetooth Devices
• Logical Link Control and Adaptation
  Protocol(L2CAP)-Adapts Upper Layer Protocols over
  the Baseband
• Service Discovery Protocol- Provides Device
  Information and Characteristics

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Bluetooth Protocol Stack

• Cable Replacement Protocol
• RFCOMM- Serial Line Replacement Protocol
  Emulates RS-232
• Telephony Control Protocols
• Telephony Control Binary(TCS)- Defines Call
  Control Signaling for Speech and Data
• Telephony Control-AT Commands- Provides Interface
  capabilities with Mobile Phones, Modems , Faxes

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Bluetooth Protocol Stack

• Adopted Protocols
• PPP(Point-To-Point Protocol)
• TCP/UDP/IP
• OBEX-Session Protocol for IrDA(Infrared Data
  Association)
• Contents Fromat(e.g. vCard, vCalendar)
• WAP-Wireless Application Protocol

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Bluetooth Protocol Stack
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Bluetooth Security

• Supports Unidirectional or Mutual Encryption
  based on a Secret Link key Shared Between Two
  Devices
• Security Defined In 3 modes
• Mode1- No Security
• Mode 2 - Service Level Security Not Established
  Before Channel is Established at L2CAP
• Mode 3 - Link Level Security Device Initiates
  Security Before LMP Link is Setup

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Bluetooth Security

• Devices and Services can be Set for Different
  Levels of Security
• Two Trust Levels are Set for Devices
• Trusted Device Fixed Relationship and
  Unrestricted Access to All Services
• Untrusted No Permanent relationship and
  Restricted Services

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Bluetooth Security

• 3 Levels of Service Access
• Require Authorization and Authenication
• Require Authentication Only
• Default Security for Legacy Applications

23
Bluetooth Security
24
Potential Bluetooth Markets
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Target Markets

• The first wave
• 1. PC, Notebooks
• 2. Organizers Palm Computers
• 3. Headsets
• 4. Cellular/PCS
• 5. Cordless phones
• 6. Automotive cellular
• 7. Digital cameras
• 8. PBX

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Target Markets

• The second wave
• 1. Printers
• 2. Photo printers
• 3. Fax machines
• 4. Industrial, musical and vertical
  industries products

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Target Markets

• The third wave
• 1. Home networking
• 2. Office networks
• 3. Video projectors
• 4. Set top boxes

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Market Forecast for Bluetooth Products

• Telecommunications Market
• Computing Market
• Digital Still Cameras Market
• Output Equipment Market
• Accessories Market
• Industrial, Medical Vertical Markets
• Home Networking Market

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Market Forecast
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Market Forecast Summary

• Telecommunications market is the largest
• The market growth relies on the cost
• By 2002, the cost is predicted to 10 and the
  bluetooth-enabled products will have 126 million
  sales with the highest growth rate
• In 2005, market sales will reach 671 million

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Bluetooth Manufacturers,Products
andApplications
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WWW.Bluetooth.com

• Audio Devices
• Cameras Videos
• Computer Accessories
• Office Equipment

• Handheld Devices
• Home Environment
• Mobile Phones
• Other

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Key Players in Bluetooth Development

• Ericsson
• IBM
• Intel
• Nokia
• Toshiba

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ERICSSON

• Three Products available now
• Bluetooth enabled headset
• Bluetooth enabled cell phone
• Bluetooth cell phone with GPS
• Bluetooth Developers Conferences
• Screen Savers
• Bluetooth Career Opportunities

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IBM Corporation

• Bluetooth technology is here!
• Future plans for Bluetooth in PCs and laptops

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INTEL Corporation

• Key player in defining the Bluetooth 1.0
  Specification
• Joint development with Microsoft to develop
  Windows road map
• Software developed to support Bluetooth
• wireless file transfer
• device synchronization
• dial-up networking via wireless mobile

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NOKIA

• Concept video - Sailing Crew
• Augmented reality eyeglasses
• Stereo headsets
• Earpieces

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TOSHIBA

• Joined the WECA last month
• No Bluetooth products yet

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LUCENT TECHNOLOGIES

• Single Chip radio substation
• Baseband controller

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MICROSOFT

• Reservations about joining the SIG
• IP rights
• Voting rights
• Joint development with Intel on Windows support
  for Bluetooth
• Bluetooth is not a competitor to the wireless
  802.11b standard

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Motorola

• PC Adapter
• USB Adapter
• Hands-Free Car Kit
• noise cancellation
• automotive volume control
• incoming call voice answer
• power amplifier
• car microphone interface

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Dell

• No products yet
• Only vendor to address 802.11b integration
• Joint development with Microsoft

43
FORD Motor Company

• 2001 Model year deployment
• Voice activated access to Internet
• Safety features
• Automatic Collision Notification
• Emergency Assistance
• Roadside Assistance

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Applications

• In the Office
• In the Home
• Travelling
• In the Car
• In Social Settings