Terrorism

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Terrorism
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Defining Terrorism

• Random/surprise use of violence
• Against civilians/innocents
• By non-state actors
• For political ends
• Audrey Kurth Cronin (2002/3)

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Types of Terrorism

• Left Wing
• Shining Path Tupac Amaru
• Right Wing
• Ku Klux Klan neo-Nazis
• Ethnonationalist/separatist
• Tamil Tigers Basque Separatist Party
• Religious/ sacred
• Al-Qaeda Hezbollah (Party of God) Hamas

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Types of Terrorism

• Domestic
• Right wing organization, anarchists, IRA, Basque
  separatists
• Separatist movements with transnational ties
• International
• Al-Qaeda Hezbollah Jemaah Islamiyah

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Terrorism, 2001

• Source US Department of State
  http//www.state.gov/s/ct/rls/pgtrpt/2001/html/102
  73.htm

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Terrorism, 2000

• Source US Department of State
  http//www.reliefweb.int/rw/RWB.NSF/db900LargeMaps
  /SKAR-64GDMJ?OpenDocument

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Trends in Terrorism

• Decrease in left-wing terrorism
• Decreased incidence of terror attacks 1980s
  543/year 1990s 382/year
• Increase in religious terrorism
• Increased targeting of the US
• Increased lethality per attack
• Increased incidence of suicide bombings
• Source Cronin 2002/03

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Causes of Terrorism

• Cultural backlash against globalization
• Poverty
• Imperialism and injustice
• Succession/self-determination

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Responses to Terrorism

• Law enforcement homeland security
• War on terror international preemption
• Concessions?
• Demographic separation?