Introduction to Virtualization

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Introduction to Virtualization

• Michael Otey
• Technical Director
• Windows IT Pro Magazine

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What this session covers

• Types of Virtualization
• Hardware Virtualization
• Virtual Machine Virtualization
• Application Virtualization
• Future directions in Virtualization

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Hardware Partitioning
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Scenarios for Hardware Partitioning

• Server Consolidation
• Reduced TCO
• Increased server utilization
• Separate production and test environments
• Application Isolation

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Hardware Partitioning

• Physical system is divided into multiple
  partitions
• One or more CPUs per partition
• Full electrical isolation between partitions
• Redundant hardware components

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Hardware Partitioning

• High-end Servers
• HP Itanium
• Unisys ES7000
• Fujitsu PrimeQuest
• Multiple hardware partitions
• Up to 8
• Assignment of physical resource per partition
• CPUs
• Memory
• I/O
• Cluster in-a-box support

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Hardware Partitioning Summary

• Can Consolidate multiple servers
• Reduced administration
• Requires high-end servers
• Usually Itanium based
• Can be expensive
• Limited number of partitions

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Virtual Machine Virtualization
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Virtualization Scenarios

• Server consolidation
• Multiple OS Application support
• Lab and Deployment Testing
• Training
• Disaster Recovery
• Application Isolation

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Virtual Machine Virtualization
V i r t u a l
Applications
Applications
Applications
Guest OS(Windows 2003)
Guest OS(Windows NT)
Guest OS(Windows 2000)
Virtual Machine
Virtual Machine
Virtual Machine
P h y s i c a l
Virtual Machine Manager
Host Operating System
System Hardware
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Virtualization Overview

• Virtual Machine Guest Environment

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VM Hard Disk Options

• Virtual Hard Disks
• Fixed
• Dynamic
• Virtual Hard Disk Features
• Snapshots
• Undo disks
• Differencing Disks

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VM Networking Options

• Virtual Networking
• None
• Internal
• External (Bridged)

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Virtual Machine Additions

• Installed after the guest OS
• Typically from installed IS image
• Improves VM performance
• Enhanced SVGA video drivers
• Improved mouse support
• Drag-and-drop with the host
• Time synchronization

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64-bit Support

• 64-bit host support
• Windows Server SE and EE x64
• x64 eliminates physical memory restrictions
• 64-bit Virtual Machine Manager
• Larger kernel address space

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Virtual Machine Types and Uses

• Desktop Products
• Development
• Testing
• Training
• Server Products
• Server consolidation
• Disaster Recovery
• High Availability
• Testing and deployment

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(No Transcript)
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Virtual Machine Products

• Desktop
• VMware Workstation 5.5
• Virtual PC 2004

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VMware Workstation 5.5

• First VM Product
• 64-bit host guests
• 2-way virtual SMP
• SCSI VHDs
• Multiple snapshots
• Compatible VM images w/ Virtual Server
• Can Import MS VM Images
• USB Audio support
• 189

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VMware Workstation 5.5

• Supported Hosts

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VMware Workstation 5.5

• Supported Guests

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Virtual PC 2004

• Technology from Connectix
• 32-bit only
• Compatible VM Images w/ MS Virtual Server
• VPC 2007 w/ Vista
• Audio no USD
• Now Free

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Virtual PC 2004

• Supported Hosts

• Supported Guests

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Virtual Desktop Products Summary

• Microsoft Virtual PC
• Free
• Less hosts guests support
• Less VM features and capabilities
• Soon to be replaced by Virtual PC 2007
• VMware Workstation
• Costs more
• More host guests support
• Better features (Snapshots, USB)
• 64-bit hosts and guests

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Virtual Server Products

• Server Products
• VMware Virtual Server 1.01
• Microsoft Virtual Server 2005 R2
• VMware ESX Server 3.0
• Others XEN 3.0 Virtuozzo

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VMware Virtual Server

• Features
• 64-bit host guest support
• Virtual SMP Support
• USB Support
• VM Snapshots
• Import MS VM Images
• Windows and Web Management
• Central Management with VirtualCenter
• Limitations
• No support for host clustering

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VMware Virtual Server

• Supported Hosts

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VMware Virtual Server

• Supported Guests

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Virtual Server 2005 R2

• Features
• 64-bit host support
• Web-based management
• New support for Linux distributions
• Support for MSCS
• Limitations
• No 64-bit guest support
• No guest audio
• No guest USB

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VS2005 R2 MSCS Host Support

• Support for Microsoft Clustering Services
• Windows Server 2003 Enterprise Edition or
  Datacenter Edition
• VS is MSCS cluster-aware
• Eliminates single point of failure
• Automatic VM startup

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Windows Server 2003 R2

• Applies to any virtualization product running on
  Windows Server 2003 R2
• VM licensing changes
• Windows Server 2003 Enterprise Edition R2
• Base OS
• Four additional VM OS
• Windows Server 2003 Datacenter Edition
• Unlimited VMs

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VMware ESX Server 3.0

• Leader in the enterprise virtualization products
• Bare metal installation
• No host OS
• Best performance

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ESX Server Overview
V i r t u a l
Applications
Applications
Applications
Guest OS(Windows 2003)
Guest OS(Linux)
Guest OS(Windows 2000)
Virtual Machine
Virtual Machine
Virtual Machine
P h y s i c a l
Virtual Machine Manager (ESX Server)
System Hardware
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VMware ESX Server 3.0

• Features
• CPU virtualization 4-way Virtual SMP
• Direct SAN LUN mapping, boot from SAN
• Up to 16GB RAM per VM
• Can import MS VM Images
• Can cluster VMs across physical hosts
• Centralized management using VirtualCenter
• Not free
• 1000 Standard Edition
• 5750 Enterprise Edition

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VMware ESX Server 3.0

• Limitations
• Unfamiliar management for Windows administrators
• No official support for MSCS host
• No USB support in the guests

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VMware ESX Server 3.0

• Supported 32-bit Guests

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VMware ESX Server 3.0

• 64-bit Guests
• Windows 2003 64-bit SP1 (Standard, Enterprise)
• Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3 64-bit (UP6, UP7)
• Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4 64-bit (UP2, UP3)
• SuSE Linux Server (SLES) 9 64-bit (SP3)
• Solaris 10 1/062

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Other Virtualization platforms

• XEN
• XEN 3.0 -- Open source
• Limited guest support
• Requires OS Source code changes
• XEN Enterprise commercial
• Windows and Linux support
• Virtuozzo
• Linux roots
• Virtualizes the OS rather than the hardware

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Virtual Servers Summary

• VMware Virtual Server
• Free, excellent host and guest support
• 64-bit host and guest support
• No clustering support
• Microsoft Virtual Server 2002 R2
• Free, Microsoft-only hosts, good guest support
• 64-bit host support, no 64-bit guest support
• Support Microsoft Clustering for hosts
• (Both benefit for Windows Server 2003 R2
  licensing)

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Virtual Servers Summary

• ESX Server
• Highest costs, bare metal performance
• Virtual SMP, highest guest capacities
• No clustering for hosts, clustering for guests
• XEN
• Free, open source, requires OS source code
  changes
• Virtuozzo
• Not free, virtualizes OS not hardware

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Application Virtualization
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Application Virtualization Scenarios

• Legacy applications
• Incompatible applications
• End of DLL Hell
• No OS changes
• Can be coupled w/ AD or other management
  frameworks for client management and deployment

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Application Virtualization

• Runs as an application
• Virtualizes OS settings
• Registry
• File System

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Application Virtualization Products

• Softricity SoftGrid
• Application virtualization
• Deployment
• Altiris Software Virtualization Solution
• Application virtualization

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Softricity SoftGrid

• 5000 base price w/ 20 CALs
• Purchased by Microsoft
• Requires AD
• Requires a backend applications server
• On-demand deployment
• Streams software to clients
• Policy-based management

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SoftGrid Overview

• Install SoftGrip Application Server
• Deploy SoftGrid Clients
• Add SoftGrid Application Groups to AD
• Sequence target applications
• Assign applications to SoftGrid AD groups

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Softricity Overview
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Altiris SVS

• Free
• No complex infrastructure requirements
• Implemented as a file system filter driver
• Redirects registry and file system calls

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Altiris SVS Overview

• Install SVS on the client
• Create an application layer
• Install the target application into the
  application layer
• Activate the application layer

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Future Directions in Virtualization
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Windows Server 2007 Hypervisor

• Hardware assisted virtualization
• Intel Virtualization Technology
• AMD Virtualization Technology
• Windows Server 2007 Hypervisor
• Compatible with MS VM Images

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Virtualization Management

• VMware Infrastructure
• No AD requirement
• Manages Virtaul Server, GSX Server and ESX Server
  VMs
• Microsoft System Center for Virtual
• Requires AD
• Manages Microsoft Virtual Server 2005 VMs
• Currently in beta

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Additional Resources

• Hardware Partitioning
• HP Integritywww.hp.com/enterprise/cache/262803-0-
  0-225-121.html?jumpidreg_R1002_USEN
• Unisys ES7000www.unisys.com/products/enterprise__
  servers/high_d_end__servers/features.htm
• Fujistu PrimeQuestwww.fujitsu-siemens.it/products
  /mission_critical/primequest440_480.html

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Additional Resources

• Desktop Virtualization
• Microsoft Virtual PC 2004www.microsoft.com/window
  s/virtualpc
• VMware Workstation 5.5www.vmware.com/products/ws/
  

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Additional Resources

• Server Virtualization
• Microsoft Virtual Server www.microsoft.com/windows
  serversystem/virtualserver
• VMwarewww.vmware.com
• Virtual Server
• ESX Server

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Additional Resources

• Application Virtualization
• Softricity SoftGridwww.softricity.com
• Altiris SVSwww.altiris.com/Products/SoftwareVirtu
  alizationSolution.aspx

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Thank You!

• Michael Otey
• mikeo_at_windowsitpro.com