Voice over IP in the Enterprise

1
Voice over IP in the Enterprise
2
What is VOIP?

• The use of data networks to carry voice without a
  loss of sound quality

3
VOIP is the Future of Telecommunications

• Experts predict that 97 of new phone systems
  installed will utilize VOIP

4
Technologies used in VOIP
5
Analog to Digital Converter

• The core technology that makes VOIP possible
• Accomplished with a hardware device that is
  usually integrated into the phone

6
Compression

• Compresses the voice data to make it feasible to
  transfer across a data network
• No one standard is in place yet

7
User Datagram Protocol

• VOIP packets are encapsulated in a UDP packet
• Used because it requires much less overhead than
  TCP
• Does not guarantee delivery or sequence

8
Real-Time Transport Protocol

• Part of the UDP packet that corrects sequencing
  errors

9
Quality of Service (QOS)

• Makes VOIP Possible by allowing acceptable sound
  quality
• Controls the network to guarantee bandwidth and
  reduce latency

10
QOS Technologies

• Type of service Part of a packet header that
  tells a network device what priority it should
  have
• Queuing Holds packets until they can be
  forwarded on
• Traffic Shaping Give priority based on source,
  destination, or protocol
• Congestion Avoidance Allows the data to follow
  the most efficient path

11
Advantages of VOIP

• Small companies and SOHO users can utilize
  services such as Skype and Vonage to alleviate
  long distance bills
• Large companies use the converged voice and data
  networks to provide better customer service
• Some consolidation of the IT and Telecom
  departments is possible
• Once central place for fax, e-mail, voice mail,
  and pager

12
Disadvantages of VOIP

• May require a redesign of the current network
• May require expensive hardware replacement
• Lack of qualified VOIP engineers
• Proper testing tools are expensive

13
VOIP Security

• Still vulnerable to Denial of Service and theft
  of service attacks
• Can inherit the vulnerabilities of the underlying
  operating system
• Past lessons learned from internet connected data
  networks can be passed on to create a secure
  solution

14
Conclusion

• VOIP is a emerging technology that someday will
  replace phone systems and bring new possibilities
  to the telecom industry