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Spotlight Canada (pages 78-80)

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Title: Spotlight Canada (pages 78-80)


1
Causes
Spotlight Canada (pages 78-80)
2
World War 1 Overview
  • First total war in history (soldiers
    civilians)
  • In August 1914 it involved only 7 European
    countries but by November 1918 there were over 30
    countries fighting
  • Battles were fought in Europe, Asia, Africa,
    on/under the Atlantic Pacific Oceans
  • Resulted in revolutions, changes of govts., loss
    of empires, the rise of great new powers,
    millions of dead

3
World War I Causes
  • While the assassination of Archduke Franz
    Ferdinand was the immediate cause of the war,
    there were four underlying causes of WWI.
  • They are
  • a). Militarism
  • b). Alliances
  • c). Imperialism
  • d). Nationalism

4
Militarism
  • The belief in the power of strong armies or
    navies to decide issues.
  • It was thought that the only way to guarantee
    peace was to prepare for war.
  • Based on the idea that if a nation is strong,
    then no enemy would dare to attack it.
  • If war does break out, the militarized nation is
    able to defend itself.

5
Militarism
  • Militarism led to an arms race before 1914 as
    each country tried to build a larger more
    deadly war machine than its rivals. (page 80)
  • The size of armies navies would determine who
    was more powerful. (page 80)
  • Germany contained Europes strongest armies while
    Great Britain was the worlds strongest naval
    power.
  • Gr. Britain felt threatened when Germany began to
    construct a large navy.
  • European nations were becoming increasingly
    suspicious alarmed by the others military
    power.

6
Products of Militarism
7
Alliances
  • Alliances are formed when countries band together
    against a common threat.
  • In 1914 we had two alliances
  • 1.The Triple Alliance (The Central Powers)
    consisting of Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy
  • 2. The Triple Entente (The Allies) consisting
    of Great Britain, France, and Russia

8
European Alliances 1914
9
Imperialism
  • Imperialism is the policy of establishing
    colonies away from the homeland building an
    empire
  • Colonies provided raw materials, markets for
    goods, military strength for many European
    countries.
  • Great Britain, France, Russia, Germany, the
    United States all wanted to build a colonial
    empire.
  • Imperialism led to frequent quarrels among the
    great powers of Europe in all parts of the globe.
  • Arguments over colonies trade constantly
    threatened peace.

10
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11
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12
Imperialism in Asia
13
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14
Nationalism
  • Nationalism is a feeling of deep loyalty to ones
    people homeland
  • Extreme nationalism was causing problems in the
    early 20th century.
  • Some people seemed willing to take any action to
    support their nation, regardless of the effect on
    others
  • They were even ready to go to war to promote the
    interests of their homelands

1914-1918
15
Nationalism
  • Nationalism was very strong in Serbia where
    people resented living under Austrian control.
  • The Black Hand was a Serbian-Bosnian terrorists
    group that thought Bosnia should break away from
    Austria
  • Franz Ferdinand was killed by a Serb nationalist
    Gavrilo Princip, who belonged to the Black Hand,
    while visiting Sarajevo.

16
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17
Ultimatum......July 1914
  • The Austro-Hungarian (A-H) govt blamed Serbia
    for the archdukes death attempted to crush
    Serb nationalism
  • With the support of Germany, A-H sent the Serbian
    govt an ultimatum (A ultimatum is a demand by one
    govt that another govt accept its terms or face
    war) to Serbia
  • a). put down all Serb nationalism against A-H
  • b). Punish those involved in the assassination
  • c). Allow A-H into Serbia to help destroy the
    Black Hand
  • Serbia accepted all except the last request

18
Outbreak
  • Austria declared war on Serbia when Serbia
    rejected the Austrian ultimatum.
  • Russia, Serbias ally, along with France,
    mobilized their armies.
  • Germany declared war on both Russia France
    when both countries refused to demobilize.
  • Germany planned to attack France through neutral
    Belgium
  • Britain declared war on Germany when Belgium was
    invaded

19
Causes of WWI Review
  • Name the two alliances that existed in Europe in
    1914?
  • What countries belonged to these alliances?
  • What is nationalism? What role did it play in
    the outbreak of war?
  • What was the Black Hand? What role did it play
    in the assassination of Franz Ferdinand?
  • How did imperialism causes problems between
    nations in the years leading to outbreak of war
    in 1914.
  • What is militarism?
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