Slavery

1
Slavery Secession
2
Dred Scott

• Dred Scott was a slave in Missouri.
• His owner took him to live in IL and WI.
• Scott sued for his freedom.
• He said that living in two free states made him
  free.
• Questions in court
• Was Scott a citizen (i.e. could he sue)?
• Is a slave in free territory no longer a slave?

3
Dred Scott Decision

• Courts decided that Scott was not nor could he be
  a citizen therefore could not sue in court.
• a subordinate and inferior class of beings
• no rights which the white man was bound to
  respect
• Decided that slaves in free states or territories
  were not free.
• Also decided that territories could not prohibit
  slavery (because of property rules).

4
Douglas vs. Lincoln

• Both running for U.S. Senate for Illinois.
• Held public debates on slavery in the
  territories.
• Neither liked slavery, but neither wanted to get
  rid of it where it already existed.
• Both were racist.

5
Lincoln Is Elected President

• Lincoln lost the Senate in 1858 but won the
  Presidency in 1860.
• He was nominated because he was moderate in his
  views.
• South was outraged, because Lincoln didnt want
  slavery in any new states.

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Southern Secession

• South Carolina secedes from the U.S. in Dec. 1860
  (shortly after election results).
• Within a month, 7 states had seceded.
• Confederate States of America were formed.
• Jefferson Davis was chosen as their leader.
• Total states seceding in the end 11

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North vs. South

• Northern Advantages
• Bigger population more soldiers
• More industry more war supplies
• Better transportation system
• Better army and navy
• Diplomatic recognition from overseas loans and
  assistance
• Slave population on its side
• Good leadership in Ulysses S. Grant

• Southern Advantages
• Fighting on home turf
• Good leadership (i.e. Robert E. Lee, Stonewall
  Jackson)
• Military tradition for men

10
Emancipation Proclamation

• Lincoln saw emancipation (freeing slaves) as both
  a moral issue and a military strategy.
• Helped gain support from abroad.
• In 1863, Lincoln issued the Emancipation
  Proclamation.
• Freed slaves only in confederate states.
• Freed slaves only in areas in which Union troops
  were not in control.
• Did not free slaves in states that remained in
  the Union.

11
Conscription (The Draft)

• Conscription (the draft) was instated in 1862.
• Drafted men between 17 and 50 yrs. old (approx.).
• Allowed rich people to pay for substitutes!
• In the North, people could pay a fee to simply
  avoid it altogether!
• Draft riots occurredfamous one in New York.
• Rioted against fighting in a war against slavery.
• Violent action against abolitionists,
  Republicans, and wealthy people.

12
Photography

• Just starting to develop during this time.
• Allowed people to capture photos of the war to
  show people at home.
• Showed people the reality of war (i.e. death,
  destruction, not glamorous, etc.).