Developing and Supporting Your Ideas: I

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Developing and Supporting Your Ideas I

• Examples, Narratives, Stats, Testimony, and
  Definitions What Is Evidence and When to Use It

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Developing and Supporting Ideas

• What is Evidence?
• When to Use It?

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Developing and Supporting Ideas

• What is Evidence?
• When to Use It?

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What is Evidence?

• Examples
• Statistics
• Testimony
• Definitions

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Examples

• Specific instance to illustrate an idea,
  condition, experience, point or the like.
• Brief specific case mentioned in passing
• Extended developed at some length
• Real describes a situation that occurred in
  history.
• Hypothetical describes an imaginary situation.

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Example

• Changes in technology have made it possible for
  doctors to work wonders that once seemed
  impossible. Roger Charter, for example, lost both
  of his feet when they were crushed in a truck
  accident. Not only can Roger walk normally, but
  he can run and play sports again.

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Statistic

• Numerical data.
• Meanaverage.
• Medianmiddle figure in a list arranged from
  highest to lowest.
• Modethe figure that occurs most frequently.
• Population or frequencynumber of items, event,
  people in a given location over a period of time.
  
• Increase/Decreasechange over time.

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Statistic

• According to the National Highway Traffic Safety
  Administration, almost 5000 drivers age 70 or
  older were killed last year, a 33 increase over
  the past 10 years. In the next 20 years, there
  will be more than 30 million drivers over the age
  of 70 in the United States, and highway safety
  experts warn that the number of people killed in
  crashes involving elderly motorists is likely to
  exceed the drunk-driving death toll.

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Testimony

• Quotations or paraphrases use to support a point.
• Expert testimony people who are recognized as an
  authority in their field.
• Peer testimony ordinary people with first hand
  experience.
• Direct quotation word for word.
• Paraphrase summaries someone's idea in your own
  words.

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Testimony

• As police sergeant Mark Summerell stated, the
  city lost no money on the program. In fact, there
  was a surplus of 24,000, and this went into the
  citys general fund. So, the camera program
  actually more than paid for itself, and it freed
  up police officers to focus on other law
  enforcement needs.

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Definition

• A statement of the meaning of a word or phrase.
• Denotative Dictionary type definition.
• Connotative Subjective meaning from personal
  experience.

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Definition

• Breast cancer is the uncontrolled growth of
  malignant breast tissue.
• Breast cancer has created in me a sense of
  isolation that is unbearable. I cant stand to be
  alone in the house any more. I frequently
  accompany my husband to work or my daughter to
  volleyball practice just to be around others.

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Developing and Supporting Ideas

• What is Evidence?
• When to Use It?

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When do I use evidence?

• Examples
• Statistics
• Testimony
• Definitions

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Examples

• Do I need to
• Clarify? Describe a suspension bridge. The Golden
  Gate bridge and the Brooklyn are suspension
  bridges.
• Reinforce? Boxer's punch1000 pounds psi can do
  serious damage. Muhammad Ali's illness.
• Personalize? People in community benefit from
  food donations. Roberts family had their first
  Thanksgiving meal in 5 years.

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Statistics

• Do I
• Need quantified or generalized evidence?
• Use statistics sparingly?
• Identify my sources?
• Explain or compare my statistics? The FBI reports
  that someone is murdered, raped, assaulted, or
  robbed every 16 seconds. At the end of our 50
  minute class, approximately 187 people will have
  been victims of violent crime.
• Round off complicated statistics? Mt Kilimanjaro
  is over 19, 000 (19, 341) feet tall.

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Testimony

• Do I
• Quote or paraphrase accurately. The movie was a
  colossal bore from beginning to end. COLOSSAL
  FROM BEGINNING TO END!
• Use testimony from a qualified source?
• Identify people I quote or paraphrase?

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Definition

• Do I need to
• Clarify what a thing is or is not? (denotative)
• Encourage a new way to think about a word?
  (connotative)

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Evaluate Evidence

• Speech.
• As you read speech, identify evidence using
  Evidence Worksheet.
• After 5 minutes, discuss findings in groups of 3.
  Evaluate 6 uses of evidence with Worksheet.
• After 15 minutes, share 2 uses of evidence.