Personal Hygiene

1
Personal Hygiene

• Caring for your teeth, skin, hair,
• and nails.

2
Cleanliness Circle

• Use document camera to show cleanliness circle.
• Have students draw their own cleanliness circle
  to take notes with during this presentation.

3
Your Teeth

• Healthy teeth and gums enable you to
• Chew food thoroughly
• Speak clearly
• Give shape and structure to your mouth

4
Structure of your teeth

• Enamel (top)
• The hard material on the outer surface of the
  tooth.
• Dentin (middle)
• Below the enamel the bonelike material that
  surrounds the sensitive inner parts of the tooth.
• Pulp (inside)
• Tissue that contains nerve endings and blood
  vessels.

5
Brushing Flossing

• Brush and floss daily.
• Brush at least twice a day, but if possible,
  after every meal.
• Use a soft-bristled brush.
• Replace your toothbrush every 2-3 months or after
  an illness.

6
Brushing Flossing

• Use toothpaste that contains flouride.
• If you cant brush after a meal, rinse your mouth
  with warm water.
• Flossing removes food trapped between your teeth
  and gum lines that rinsing and brushing miss.

7
Flouride

• A substance that helps prevent
• tooth decay.

8
Fighting Tooth Decay

• Eat at least 5 servings of fruits and vegetables
  each day.
• Include foods that contain calcium, such as milk
  and yogurt.
• Limit your intake of sugar.
• Visit a dentist twice a year.

9
Fighting Tooth Decay

• Use document camera to show pg. 121 on how to
  brush and floss properly.

10
Tooth Decay

• Bacteria live in your mouth. When bacteria
  combine with saliva and the sugary substances
  that you eat, plaque forms.

11
Plaque

• A thin, sticky film that builds up on teeth and
  contributes to tooth decay.

12
Problems Caused by Plaque

• Once plaque is formed, the bacteria on the teeth
  produce an acid.
• This acid can eat a hole, or a cavity, in the
  tooths enamel.
• If a dentist does not treat the cavity, it will
  get bigger!

13
Tarter

• Hardened plaque that threatens gum health. Only a
  dentist or dental hygienist can remove tarter
  completely.

14
Periodontal disease

• A disease of the gums and other tissues that
  support teeth.
• It develops when you dont keep your teeth clean.
• Causes the gums to separate from the teeth.

15
Periodontal disease

• Adults lose more teeth because of periodontal
  disease than they do from cavities.

16
Skin

• Your skin is an organ, just like your lungs, or
  heart. In fact, the skin is considered the bodys
  largest organ.
• Eleven year olds have about 5 pounds of skin
  twice the size of the brain.

17
Skin

• Did you know?
• All the skin on the surface is dead cells. The
  live cells grow beneath the surface.

18
Skin

• Did you know?
• Perspiration itself doesnt smell. However,
  during sweating, another liquid called apocrine
  is also secreted. When apocrine combines with the
  bacteria naturally present on the skin, odor
  results.

19
Three layers of skin

• Epidermis
• Dermis
• Layer of fat cells

20
Epidermis

• Outer most layer of skin. New cells made in
  the epidermis continuously replace old cells lost
  from the skins surface. Cells in the epidermis
  make melanin.

21
Dermis

• The skins inner layer, which contains blood
  vessels, nerve endings, hair follicles, sweat
  glands, and oil glands.

22
Skin

• Use document camera to show diagram of skin on
  pg. 122.

23
Functions of Skin

• waterproofing
• Vitamin D formation
• protection
• temperature control
• sensation

24
Acne

• A skin condition that occurs when active oil
  glands cause hair follices to become clogged.

25
Acne

• Worsens during puberty.
• The same hormones that cause growth during
  puberty also overstimulate some glands.
• Can affect the face, neck, back, chest, and
  shoulders.

26
Caring for Acne

• Gently wash the affected area at least twice
  daily with mild soap and warm water.
• Avoid touching the area.
• Avoid the use of heavy makeup or cream.

27
How Acne Forms

• Use document camera to show diagram on pg. 123.

28
Skin Care

• Keep clean
• Eat properly and stay physically active.
• Protect yourself from the sun.
• Avoid body decoration such as tatoos and piercing.

29
Skin Care Tips

• Wash your face regularly
• Bathe or shower regularly
• If possible, bathe or shower after exercise
  especially after sweating
• Keep oily hair away from your skin
• Avoid touching acne except when washing
• Dont squeeze pimples
• Wear clean clothes

30
Protect yourself from the sun

• Wear sunscreen and reapply it every hour.
• Wear a hat, T-shirt, and sunglasses.
• Drink plenty of fluids.

31
Ultraviolet Rays

• An invisible form of radiation from the sun that
  can penetrate and change the structure of skin
  cells.

32
UVB Rays

• The primary cause of sunburn.
• Increases the risk of skin cancer.

33
UVA Rays

• Make the skin age and wrinkle.
• Can also cause sunburn.
• Increases the risk of skin cancer.
• Tanning beds emit more UVA rays than UVB rays.

34
Protect yourself from UV Rays

• Try to stay out of the sun between 10 AM and 4
  PM.
• Remember UV rays are just as strong on cloudy and
  hazy days.

35
Dangers of tatoos and piercings

• Scarring and minor infections
• HIV
• Hepatitis

36
Hair

• Hair is made of dead cells.
• Hair is important because it brings oil to the
  surface of the skin.
• Hair helps warm the body by trapping a layer of
  air next to the scalp.

37
Hair Care

• Daily brushing keeps your hair healthy by
  removing dirt and spreading oils from the roots
  to the ends.
• Wash your hair regularly.
• Use low-heat if you blow dry.

38
Hair Care Tips

• Wash hair as often as needed
• Rinse hair thoroughly after shampooing to remove
  all the soap
• Brush hair daily
• Wash combs and brushes frequently
• Dont share combs, brushes etc.

39
Why Brush Your Hair?

• Brushing helps keep the scalp clean by loosening
  and removing dust and dead cells.
• It also adds shine.

40
Hair Scalp problems

• Dandruff
• Head lice
• Splitting and breaking

41
Dandruff

• A flaking of the outer layer of dead skin cells
  on the scalp. This condition is usually caused by
  dry skin. There is no cure for dandruff, but it
  can be controlled with special shampoos.

42
Head Lice

• Parasitic insects that live on the hair shaft and
  cause itching.
• Lice cant fly or jump from person to person, but
  they are easy to catch from other people.

43
Avoiding Head Lice

• Dont share
• combs
• brushes
• hats
• barrettes or other hair things.
• headphones

44
Treating Head Lice

• Use special shampoo and wash your hair
  immediately.
• Any linens and clothes you have used should be
  washed in hot water or
• dry-cleaned.

45
Splitting Breaking

• Too much heat can cause the layered cells of your
  hair to split apart and even break off.
• Wind, chlorine, chemical treatments, and
  permanent hair dye can weaken hair in the same
  way.
• If you put your hair in a ponytail , use a coated
  rubber band or soft cloth hair band.
• Noncushioned or uncovered elastic bands can cause
  severe breakage.

46
Nails

• The part of the nail that can be seen and touched
  is composed of dead cells.
• Your nails protect the sensitive tip of your
  fingers and toes.
• Without proper care they can become weak, ingrown
  or infected.

47
Nail Care

• Keep nails trim but do not cut nails shorter than
  skin level.
• Keep nails clean.
• Round your fingernails slightly when trimming
  them.
• Cut toe nails straight across.
• Smooth rough nail edges with a file or emery
  board.

48
Cuticles

• Thin skin-like layer at the base of each nail.
• A non-living band of tissue.

49
Cuticle Care

• Clean and soften your hands in warm water.
• To keep your cuticles neat, push them back after
  soaking your hands, while they are soft.
• You may also use cuticle remover , a chemical
  that dissolves the cuticle.

50
Quiz Time!

• 1.) What do our nails, hair, and all the skin we
  touch have in common?

51
Answer

• They are all made of dead cells.

52
Quiz Time!

• 2.) Why doesnt it hurt to cut your hair or nails?

53
Answer

• They are all made of dead cells.

54
Quiz Time!

• 3.) What are the three things teeth are important
  for?

55
Answer

• talking
• digestion
• appearance

56
Quiz Time!

• True or False
• 4.) Adults lose more teeth because of periodontal
  disease than they do from cavities.

57
True
58
Quiz Time!

• 5.) Name two reasons hair is important.

59
Answer

• Brings oil to the surface of the skin.
• Helps keep the body warm by trapping a layer of
  air next to the scalp.

60
Quiz Time!

• 6.) Name two common problems with hair.

61
Answer

• Dandruff
• Lice

62
Quiz Time!

• 7.) What is the bodys largest organ?

63
Answer

• Skin

64
Quiz Time!

• 8.) Why cut toenails straight across?

65
Answer

• To prevent ingrown toe nails

66
Final Challenge

• How does taking care of your teeth, skin, hair,
  and nails affect all three sides of your health
  triangle?
• Write a minimum ½ page summary.