Maintaining Air Quality

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Maintaining Air Quality

• Agriscience
• Natural Resources
• Miss Anger

2
Objective

• Determine major sources of air pollution and
  identify how to improve air quality.

3
Air

• Colorless
• Odorless
• Tasteless
• Mixture of gasses
• 78 nitrogen, 21 oxygen, 1 other gasses such as
  CO2, neon and helium.

4
Water

• Clear
• Odorless
• Tasteless
• Colorless
• Liquid
• Chemical makeup is 2 parts oxygen to one part
  hydrogen

5
Soil

• The top layer of the Earths surface.
• Suitable for growth of plant life
• Made of broken down rocks and organic components
  from the breakdown of plant and animal life
• ORGANIC- Living materials or materials that used
  to be living.

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Air Quality

• Why is it important to have clean air?
• (handout NR026 read, highlight and answer test
  questions)
• What happens when air becomes polluted?
• (handout NR027 read, highlight and answer test
  questions)
• How does air become polluted?

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Effects of Air Pollution

• Greenhouse effect
• Global warming
• What do we do about global warming?
• (handout IS136 read, highlight and answer test
  questions)
• Health issues- cancer

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Air

• Air is necessary to life- 21oxygen or the brain
  will die in 4 to 6 min.
• Polluting the air in your neighborhood may have
  effects in far away countries and not your own.
  Why?
• We need to work together as a society to reduce
  pollution.

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Major Threats to Air Quality

• Sulfur
• Hydrocarbons
• Nitrous Oxides and Lead
• Carbon Monoxide
• Radon
• Radioactive Dust
• Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
• Pesticides
• Asbestos

10
Sulfur

• A pale yellow element found in nature
• Found in coal and crude oil
• When oil/coal is burned in combines with oxygen
  to form harmful gasses
• Gas combines with moisture in air to form
  Sulfuric Acid which will kill plant life and will
  corrode metals.

11
Hydrocarbons

• A product of burning fuels- abundant due to
  factories and motor vehicles
• Emission controls in cars such as
• Crankcase ventilation
• Air injection
• Engine refinements
• 4 valves per cylinder
• With out these things it would be hard to breathe
  in major cities where there is a lot of stop and
  go traffic

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Nitrous Oxides and Lead

• Come from automobile exhaust
• Most difficult to remove and most expensive to
  remove
• Install catalytic converters
• Lead has been removed from gasoline to clean air

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Carbon Monoxide

• Can not be removed from car exhaust with the
  current technology.
• Colorless, odorless, poisonous.
• Kills people in automobiles that have leaking
  systems or in areas with poor ventilation- victim
  falls asleep then dies.
• reduce emissions by keeping engines tuned.

15
Radon

• Radioactive gas from disintegration of Radium.
• Colorless and odorless.
• Moves up thru the soil and enters the atmosphere
• Problems occur when building in these areas fix
  by sealing cracks

16
Chlorofluorocarbons CFCs

• A compound of chlorine, fluorine, hydrogen
  carbon.
• Used in aerosols and cooling systems such as
  refrigerators.
• Generally very stable.
• But when released into atmosphere it can survive
  for 100 years!!

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• The chlorine atoms destroy precious Ozone a
  layer of gas that protects the earth from harmful
  ultra violet rays.
• Therefore there have been increased numbers of
  skin cancer and immune system damage.
• CFCs have been replaced have since been replaced
  with less damaging agents.
• 1987 a historic conference was held where 37
  countries agreed to schedule cutbacks on the use
  of CFCs.

18
Pesticides

• Pest- Living organism that acts as a nuisance.
• Pesticides control pests by killing them.
• Chemicals and H20 to spray on plants.
• Contain toxic chemicals that can kill many living
  things.

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Asbestos

• A heat and friction resistant material once used
  in the clutch and break line of most vehicles,
  insulation, ceiling panels and other products.
• Fibers are VERY damaging to the lungs and cause
  disease and death.
• National laws and codes to remove asbestos from
  public places and general use.