Title: Chapter 1 Introduction to Computers
1Chapter 1 Introduction toComputers
2Chapter 1 Objectives
Recognize the importance of computer literacy
Identify the types of software
Define the term computer and identify its
components
Describe the categories of computers
Explain why a computer is a powerful tool
Determine how the elements of an information
system interact
Recognize the purpose of a network
Identify the types of computer users
Discuss the uses of the Internet and the World
Wide Web
Discuss various computer applications in society
Distinguish between installing and running a
program
3A World of Computers
- What is computer literacy?
- Knowledge and understanding of computers and
their uses
p. 5 Fig. 1-1
4What Is a Computer?
- How is a computer defined?
- Electronic device operating under the control of
instructions stored in its own memory
p. 6
5What Is a Computer?
- What is the information processing cycle?
- Input
- Process
- Output
- Storage
- Communication
p. 6 Fig. 1-2
6The Components of a Computer
- Hardware used
- to enter data
- and instructions
p. 7 Fig. 1-3
7The Components of a Computer
- What is an output device?
- Hardware that
- conveys information to a user
p. 8 Fig. 1-3
8The Components of a Computer
- Box-like case
- containing
- electronic
- components
- used to process
- data
p. 8 Fig. 1-3
9The Components of a Computer
- What are two main components on the motherboard?
Central Processing Unit (CPU) Also called a
processor Carries out instructions that tell
computer what to do
Memory Temporary holding place for data and
instructions
p. 8
10The Components of a Computer
- Holds data, instructions, and information for
future use
- Storage media
- Physical material on which data, instructions,
and information are stored
- Storage device
- Records and retrieves items to and from a
storage medium
p. 8
11The Components of a Computer
Digitalcameras
Portable, thin memory cards used in
Handheldcomputers
p. 8
12The Components of a Computer
- Thin, circular, flexible disk enclosed in rigid
plastic shell
- A USB flash drive is portable, and has much
greater storage capacity
p. 8 Fig. 1-4
13The Components of a Computer
- Provides much greater storage capacity than a
floppy disk or Zip disk
- Small and lightweight enough to be transported
on a keychain or in a pocket
p. 9 Fig. 1-5
14The Components of a Computer
- Provides much greater storage capacity than a
floppy disk or USB flash drive
- Housed inside the system unit
p. 9 Fig. 1-6
15The Components of a Computer
- Flat, round, portable metal disc
- CD-ROM
- CD-RW
- DVD-ROM
- DVDRW
p. 9 Fig. 1-7
16Why Is a Computer So Powerful?
- What makes a computer powerful?
p. 10
17Networks and the Internet
- Collection of computers and devices connected
together
Communications Device
Communications Media
p. 10
18Networks and the Internet
- What are the reasons to network?
To share
Resources
Hardware devices
Software programs
To save time and money
Data
Information
p. 10
19Networks and the Internet
- Manages the resources on a network
- A client accesses the resources on the server
p. 10 Fig. 1-8
20Networks and the Internet
- Worldwide collection of networks that connects
millions of computers
p. 11 Fig. 1-9
21Networks and the Internet
Why do users access the Internet?
p. 12 Fig. 1-10
22Networks and the Internet
- Billions of documents, called Web pages,
available to anyone connected to the Internet
A Web site is a collection of related Web pages
A Web page contains text, graphics, sound,
video, and links to other Web pages
You can share information by creating Web pages
or posting photos on a photo community
p. 13
23Computer Software
- How do you install a software program?
- A program is a series of instructions that tells
the computer what to do
p. 14 Fig. 1-13
24Computer Software
- What is a graphical user interface (GUI)?
- Allows you to interact with the software using
graphics and icons - Controls how you enter data and how the screen
displays information
p. 14 Fig. 1-14
25Computer Software
- Programs that control the operations of the
computer and its devices
Operating System (OS)is a set of programs that
coordinates all activities among computer
hardware devices and allows users to run
application software
Utility Programs allow the user to perform
maintenance-type tasks usually related to
managing a computer, its devices or its programs
p. 15
26Computer Software
- What is application software?
- Programs that perform specific tasks for users
Spreadsheet
Word Processing
Presentation Graphics
Database
p. 16 Fig. 1-15
27Computer Software
- Someone who developsapplication or system
software
- Programmer writesinstructions todirect computer
toprocess data intoinformation
p. 17 Fig. 1-16
28Categories of Computers
- What are the categories of computers?
p. 18
29Personal Computers
- What are the two most popular series of personal
computers?
p. 19 Figs. 1-181-19
30Personal Computers
- What is a desktop computer?
- Designed so all of the components fit on or under
a desk or table
p. 19 Fig. 1-18
31Personal Computers
- What is a notebook computer?
- Portable, small enough to fit on your lap
- Also called a laptop computer
- Generally more expensive than a desktop computer
p. 20 Fig. 1-20
32Handheld Computers
- Resembles a letter-sized slate
- Allows you to write on the screen using a digital
pen
- Especially useful for taking notes
p. 20 Fig. 1-21
33Handheld Computers
- What are Web-enabled handheld computers?
- Allow you to check e-mail and access the Internet
- Web-enabled telephone is a smart phone
p. 21 Fig. 1-23
34Handheld Computers
- What is a handheld computer?
p. 21
35Handheld Computers
- What is a personal digital assistant (PDA)?
- Provides personal organizer functions
- Calendar
- Appointment book
- Address book
- Calculator
- Notepad
p. 21 Fig. 1-23
36Servers
- What types of servers are there?
Midrange server Powerful, large computer that
supports up to a few thousand computers
Mainframe Very powerful, expensive computer that
supports thousands of computers
Supercomputer The fastest, most powerful, most
expensive computer. Used for applications
requiring complex mathematical calculations
p. 22 and 23 Figs. 1-251-27
37Elements of an Information System
- What are information system elements?
- People
- Procedures
- Data
- Software
- Hardware
p. 24 Fig. 1-28
38Examples of Computer Usage
- What are five categories of computer users?
p. 25 Fig. 1-29
39Examples of Computer Usage
- What software is available for a home user?
p. 26 Fig. 1-30
40Examples of Computer Usage
- What software is available for a small
office/home office (SOHO) user?
- Local area network (LAN)
- Productivity software
- Specialty software
- Web usage
- E-mail
p. 28 Fig. 1-33
41Examples of Computer Usage
- What is available for a mobile user?
- Software
- Productivity
- Presentation
- Personal information manager
p. 29 Fig. 1-35
42Examples of Computer Usage
- What are the needs of the large business user?
Public kiosk
Web access
Telecommuting
Network Productivity software Scheduling
p. 30 Figs. 1-371-40
43Examples of Computer Usage
- What are the needs of a power user?
- Speed and large amounts of storage
- Types of power users
- Engineers
- Architects
- Desktop publishers
- Graphic artists
p. 32 Fig. 1-41
44Computer Applications in Society
- What are some examples of computer applications
in society?
p. 33 Figs. 1-421-49
45Summary of Introduction to Computers
The importance of computer literacy
Types of software
The computer and its components
Categories of computers
Why is a computer so powerful?
Elements of an information system
What is a network?
Types of computer users
The Internet and the World Wide Web
Computer applications in society
Installing and running a program
Chapter 1 Complete