CALISHKCAN beyond Chinese cataloging

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• CALIS/HKCAN beyond Chinese cataloging
• by Charlene Chou
• May 23, 2005 at Peking University

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???????

• ?Internet????????????????,?????????????????????
• Unicode????????????????(OPAC)??????????
• ????????????(crosswalk)????
• CALIS??????????????

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???????

• ?????????????(??HKCAN?CALIS)
• ????????????????????
• ????????(OPAC)???????????????????
• ????????????(crosswalk)
• ??????????????????????

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????????????? HKCANXML Version

• ?????????????????(Cross Searching)
• ???????,NLC,CNAD,LC/NAF?HKCAN?????????????????
• VIAF/LEAF?????
• ???????????LC/NAF?NLC????????
• ??OCLC,HKCAN?????????
• CALIS will be the next very soon, right?

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HKCAN?LC/NAF???

• ??non-unique names???????
• Verifying Chinese names in vernacular scripts at
  LC and Columbia University
• LC breaking undifferentiated record based on
  vernacular script in HKCAN
• Romanized/English form in HKCAN with the
  qualifier of birth date
• CUL adding 4XX field for variant form
• Is CALIS next, esp. with OCLC access?

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???????????????(??)

• OCLC/Connexion and RLIN
• Parallel fields are available in bibliographic
  records for years
• The key is if ILS can display vernacular scripts
• LC/NAF
• To include vernacular scripts in authority
  records in the near future?
• ILS problem for implementing Unicode and others
• Cataloging policies and economic perceptions to
  be dealt with

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???????????????(??)

• MARBI
• MARC21 has the standards for bibliographic and
  authority records
• Currently has no further plans after 2001-DP05
• Can be communicated through the full Unicode
  UTF-8 character sets or limited to MARC-8
  characters?

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• Economic concerns in USA
• LC/PCC access records for Web resources
• Subject vs. descriptive access
• Costly for authority control
• Multi-level policy controlled vs. uncontrolled
  headings
• FRANARinternational efforts standards
• UBCIMMinimal Level
• Shift from ISADN to VIAF INTERPARTY
• VIAF linking is key to retain flexibility and
  local autonomy

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?????????????

• ISSN international harmonization for continuing
  resources
• FRBR and AACR3 (now called RDA after JSC meeting
  in May)
• FRBR for serials MFHD/ISSN/FRBR-super record or
  authority record for serials
• FRBRized display in OPAC collocation
• Contents vs. carrier
• Grouping multi-manifestation records (only 20
  records in OCLC WorldCat)

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???????????(??)

• Digital Library Federation
• Clearinghouse for all DL projects in US
• Sharing and communicating among projects
• Digitization Registry of Digital Master
• CONSER will seek communication for cataloging
  policy

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Unicode?????????(OPAC)????

• ILS vendors active interest in recent years
• MARC21 spec now support Universal Coded Character
  Set
• Mapping to Unicode from MARC character sets
  completed
• Unicode fonts more characters available now
• Newer operating system support Unicode now

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Unicode ?ILS????????

• Which scripts have been implemented
• ILS implement language by language/Which scripts
  are supported, e.g. Arabic, but may not support
  the additional extended Arabic characters in such
  languages as Persian
• How sorting of particular language is handled
• Depending on the language
• Which encoding formats are supported to
  import/export records in Unicode

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Unicode

• Not complete solution for language support in
  library system
• A foundation to build and will make development
  for multiple language much easier
• A solution for now, maybe new technology will
  have a better solution in future?

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?????OPAC???????

• CSULA transaction logs analysis
• Next generation of the OPAC interface
• Concept-based search allow natural-language
  searching with keyword search first, and focus on
  quick-search need
• Relevance feedback bring back related pages
• Spelling correction
• Relevance-ranked output

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• Multilingual dictionary
• Google definitions are multilingual, e.g.
  definitions of voip on the Web in all
  languages--Chinese (Simplified), English, French,
  German, Italian, Russian, and Spanish
• Translation tool for website
• Babel Fish, etc.
• Translate entire or partial website by users
  choice
• Users choice of language on website

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• Google--Multilingualwebmaster.com
• How to implement the translation process of the
  search engine?
• From Translation vendors in multiple languages to
  direct communication with the translators--Individ
  ual translators specialized in a given language
• Self-service translation application
• Localize the content of its multilingual site
• Currently support native interface in14
  languages (English) search in 25 languages (
  English)

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• Open Language Archives Community
  (OLAC)--Specialized OAI sub-domain
• Features of the search engine include
• A thesaurus of alternative language names
• Language code searching
• Keyword-in-context display in search results
• Search for similarly spelled words
• Search for similar items
• Support for standard string search operators and
  domain-specific inline syntax
• Automatically derived search links for other web
  search engines
• Contribution the inclusion in the search engine
  results of a metadata quality-centric sorting
  algorithm

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???????????

• Currently Web browser displays multi-scripts and
  fonts Babel Fish for translating website
  Website has language choice Speech recognition
  software available
• Translation machine is just one component of
  complex multilingual system (John White)
• Multilingual metadata is a cross-cultural
  retrieval--far more than mere cross-language
  searching (Cliff Lynch)

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?????(library portals)?????????(Crosswalk)

• Why Google is courting libraries for scanning the
  text of collections?
• Web OPAC, Hot-link to resources, OpenURL, etc.
  linked to Google, and Amazon, etc?
• Searching precision vs. recall
• Library and Google Scholar
• Future OPAC Topic maps, controlled vocabulary,
  preferred languages, available translation and
  edition (RLG Google), and online seller

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??FRBR????????( Semantic Web )

• IFLAs FRBR a semantic expression of the
  relationships between items in the library
  catalog
• Berners-Lees ultimate vision for XML the
  Semantic Weblayering a logic layer over the
  topinfo on WWW to have logical or semantic
  relationships
• RDFtriplestwo nodes (one subject one object),
  connected with a predicate relationship-DAMLOIL
  Topic Maps triplestopics, associations and
  scopes
• MARC XML open to web harvesters, such as OAI
• FRBR, RDF, DAMLOIL, or Topic Maps all used to
  set up a FRBR ???(ontology)
• RDF can serve as a semantic layer to make FRBR
  expressive and be layered over MARC XML

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?????can be ???(semantic map) ?building block
and beyond

• Tilletts perspectives on the future
• VIAF an integral part of a future Semantic Web
• Ontology infrastructure and controlled
  vocabularies can be used to enable displays in
  the users own language and script
• Help users of the Web for collocation and search
  precision
• Tools to connect biographical dictionaries,
  telephone directories, AI, etc.

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??????

• Language is an important perspective or a major
  barrier, but there are much more
• Multilingual searching across diverse collections
• Five layers of technology (Noriko Kando)
• The pragmatic layer cultural and social aspects,
  convention the semantic layer concept mapping
  the lexical layer language identification,
  indexing the symbolic layer encoding issues
  the physical layer the network

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??????

• Multilingual, multicultural and multimedia
  digital libraries
• HKCAN is bilingual but may be multicultural in
  certain contexts CALIS can be more diverse
• MARBI 2001-DP05 rename as context-sensitive
  authority record
• From multilingual to multi-context?
• Global vs. localized library
• VIAF/LEAFglocatization movement?
• Google multilingual vs. localized site

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CALIS??????

• OCLC in China or much more
• Sharing Chinese bibliographic and authority
  records from Asia to other continents
• Wider range of libraries beyond academic
  libraries
• Multilingual choice for international users
• Wider range of users from librarians to students
• Hotlinks to extended resources

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CALIS??????

• Leading research in library and information
  science, such as FRBR projects in OCLC
• Digitizing more historical materials
• Supporting use of rare book collections
• Expanding from subject-oriented collections to
  Semantic Maps for Chinese collections and
  information
• What is the vision of CALIS to participate in the
  global library?