Avi Cahlon

1
Optimizing Ethernet Deployments

• Avi Cahlon
• Carrier Ethernet Technical Product Marketing
• Avi.cahlon_at_seabridgenetworks.com

2
Topics for Discussion

• Ethernet Technological Evolution
• Ethernet Technological Challenges
• Connection oriented Ethernet
• CoS/QoS

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Carrier Ethernet is Popular Among Carriers
Because it Provides

• Low CAPEX
• The business case require a low cost service
  platform
• Metro Ethernet is the most affordable technology
  available today

• High Service Quality
• Uptime 99.999
• Conform to SLAs
• Speed/Bandwidth
• Voice Service quality
• TV broadcast quality/stability
• Support of Mission Critical Applications

• Low OPEX (Up to 23 cheaper)
• Physical rollout and Provisioning
• Customer Service
• Change of Service
• Repair/Service cost

Triple Play Services are Priced as Low as 50
Per Month !
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Metropolitan Area Network
Metro Access, Aggregation
WAN
CPE
Metro Core


BRAS
Site A
IP MPLS Edge
Site B
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Topics for Discussion

• Ethernet evolution
• Ethernet challenges
• Connection Oriented and Connectionless Ethernet
• CoS/QoS

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Carrier Ethernet Challenges Service Wise

• Insufficient number of subscribers
• QoS and Guaranteed BW for SLA services
• Resiliency for SLA services
• Subscribers unique identification and QoS
  assignment

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Ethernet Challenges Operational Wise

• Fault isolation
• Network visibility
• Infrastructure for traffic and network engineering

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So What Should be Added toEthernet Technology

• Scalable VLAN address space
• Minimize the usage of subscribers MAC addresses
• BW allocation mechanism
• Fast convergence resiliency mechanisms

MPLS , Connection oriented Ethernet , and
provider Backbone Bridge (IEEE) 802.17 resolve
these issues
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Topics for Discussion

• Architecture options
• Connection Oriented /Connectionless Ethernet
• CoS/QoS

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VLAN Cross Connect Connection Oriented Ethernet

• Switched VLAN is defined between 2 adjacent nodes
• Similar to ATM VPI/VCI switching or TDM time slot
  interchange
• Each node makes a forwarding decision based on
• Double VLAN tag
• Port
• MAC learning is not employed over switched VLANs
• Interoperable with non switched VLANs

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VLAN Cross Connect Example
Node E
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VLAN Cross Connect(example cont)
B
S-VLAN 2
A
CE-VLAN 1
E
1
S-VLAN 3
4
2
3
D
C
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Connectionless or ConnectionOriented Ethernet ?

Broadcast TV over bridged Ethernet
Internet Access over Connection oriented Ethernet
Customer
Connectionless or connection oriented
Ethernet? Assign technology per service?
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Topics for Discussion

• Architecture options
• Connection Oriented /Connectionless Ethernet
• CoS/QoS

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Ethernet SLAs

• Many Enterprise customers will not move to metro
  Ethernet services unless
• There are SLAs with performance assurances
• There is availability of service to all critical
  locations
• Triple Play residential subscribers require QoS
  mainly for Voice and Video (VoD and BTV)
• Critical SLA Service Attributes
• Bandwidth Profile
• Service Performance

End to End SLA is a crucial issue for both
business and residential subscribers
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QoS Model

• Quality of Service (QoS) implies the ability to
  differentiate traffic streams and to define a
  level of performance for those traffic streams
  across a network.

• When QoS becoming a challenge ?
• When moving from a "network per-service or
  service agnostic" model, to a converged network
  model with multiply services over a single
  network.
• When moving to real-time or mission-critical
  services such as Business service, Video streams
  or IP-telephony.

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Differentiate Traffic Classes

• Treatment to different services
• The traffic is classified into groups.
• Each group can be filtered, prioritized.
• Each group may have different bandwidth and/or
  performance attributes.
• Service characteristics

• Web application
• Minimum bandwidth for business
• customers (CIR)
• Maximum bandwidth is possible (PIR)
• Drop in case of congestion

• Voice
• Minimum bandwidth (CIR)
• High priority

• Video
• Minimum bandwidth (CIR)
• High priority
• Burst handling

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Service Attributes
Nimrod Myr

• Bandwidth Profile
• CIR/EIR/CBS/EBS

• Service Performance
• Frame Delay
• Frame Jitter
• Frame Loss

Service Classes
Bronze Bursty data applications requiring
bandwidth assurances
Premium Real-time, IP telephony or IP video
IP TV
Silver Bursty mission critical data
applications requiring low loss and delay (e.g.,
Storage)
Standard Best effort service
Internet
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Example CoS-basedMetro Ethernet SLA

• E-Line Service
• 4 Classes of Service
• CoS determined via 802.1p CoS ID
• Common type of SLA used with CoS-based IP VPNs

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MEF - Bandwidth Profiles

• Ingress Bandwidth Profiles
• Per Ingress UNI
• Per EVC (Ethernet Virtual Circuit)
• Per CoS (Class of service) ID

EVC1
EVC1
Ingress Bandwidth Profile Per EVC1
EVC2
EVC2
Ingress Bandwidth Profile Per Ingress UNI
UNI
Ingress Bandwidth Profile Per EVC2
UNI
EVC3
EVC3
Ingress Bandwidth Profile Per EVC3
CE-VLAN CoS 6
CE-VLAN CoS 4
Ingress Bandwidth Profile Per CoS ID 6
EVC1
CE-VLAN CoS 2
Ingress Bandwidth Profile Per CoS ID 4
UNI
Ingress Bandwidth Profile Per CoS ID 2
EVC2
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Service Frame Disposition

• CIR (Committed Information Rate) -
• Minimum BW guaranteed for an Ethernet service.
• Policing is enforcement of CIR
• CIR zero means Best effort (no BW is guarantee)
• Traffic over the CIR is marked or colored

CIR Conformant Traffic CIR

• EIR (Exceeded Information Rate) -
• Service frames are colored yellow may be
• delivered but with no performance assurances.

EIR Conformant Traffic CIR

• PIR (Peak Information Rate) -
• Maximum rate at which packet are allowed to be
  forward over the CIR.
• PIR equal or greater than CIR.

No traffic Traffic EIR
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Carrier Ethernet QoS Mechanisms

• Combination of Ethernet and MPLS mechanisms
• Ethernet mechanisms
• Classification, marking, shaping and policing
• Congestion avoidance
• Priority queuing
• Connection Admission Control (CAC)
• MPLS mechanisms
• MPLS QoS using RSVP-TE signaling
• Map Ethernet/802.1p bits to MPLS/EXP bits
• Map Ethernet/802.1p bits into different LSPs

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Building Blocks for the InfrastructureATM Like
Vs. Diffserv QoS
ATM like QoS Guaranteed Bandwidth (CAC)
Diffserv Like QoS Per Hop Behavior
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Building Blocks for the InfrastructureATM like
QoS Vs. Diffserv
Guaranteed SLA
BW Efficiency
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End-to-End (E2E) QoS Example

• ATM Like Guaranteed E-Line service from customer
  sites A to B

Site B
Site A
Which QoS technologies should you use? How to you
offer an end-to-end service?

• Ethernet Diffserv QoS for residential
  subscribers

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In Conclusion

• Many different architectures for Ethernet in the
  Metro
• Connection oriented Ethernet is the next
  challenge
• End to End QoS is a must for both business and
  triple play subscribers
• End to End QoS should be achieved by employing a
  variety of mechanisms over both Ethernet and MPLS
  layers

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Thank you