Large Animal Surgery

1
Large Animal Surgery

• Equine Male Surgery
• Female Surgery 2

Amy Fayette November 2005
2
What are some other names for segmental
posthectomy

• Circumcision
• Reefing

3
What are the indications for segmental posthectomy

• Removal of neoplasms, granulomas, scar tissue,
  chronic thickening or for penile paralysis

4
What is the advantage of using a tourniquet

• Blood free surgery

5
What is the disadvantage of using a tourniquet

• May bleed after the tourniquet is removed

6
What is the most common complication after
segmental posthectomy

• Dehiscence

7
What is done to decrease dehiscence post sx

• Use a simple interrupted suture pattern so if
  some sutures dehisce the entire surgery wont be
  ruined

8
What are the aftercare instructions following
segmental posthectomy

• Isolate from mares 2-4 weeks
• Regular exercise

9
What is a phallectomy

• Amputation of the penis

10
What are the indications for phallectomy

• Irreparable penis damage such as with penile
  paralysis
• Extensive neoplasia

11
What must be done prior to a phallectomy

• Castrate 3-4 weeks pre op

12
Why is this triangle made

• Decreases stricture formation post op

13
Which technique is shown in the picture

• Visnots technique

14
What technique is shown in the picture

• Williams technique

15
What technique is shown in the picture

• Scotts technique

16
What is the main indication for a phallopexy

• Retract a paralyzed penis

17
What other technique can be used to remove a
tumor from the penis

• Hyperthermic therapy

18
What testicular neoplasms occur in the equine
patient

• Seminoma
• Teratoma
• Interstitial cell tumor
• Sertoli cell tumor

19
What are the indications for unilateral
ovariectomy

• Granulosa cell tumor
• Ovarian abscess

20
What are the indications for bilateral ovariectomy

• Eliminate estrous
• Eliminate nymphomania

21
What time during estrus is ideal for performing
an ovariectomy? Why?

• Diestrus or anestrus
• Reduces bleeding

22
What approaches can be made in the standing horse

• Flank
• Colpotomy
• Laparoscopy

23
What is the colpotomy approach

• Approach through the vagina

24
What is this instrument

• Ecraseur

25
How is an ecraseur used

• Introduced through an incision in the vagina
• Placed around the ovary
• The chain is pulled until the ovary is severed
  from its atachments

26
What is important to remember when removing a
granulosa cell tumor

• Often highly vascularplace a lot of ligatures

27
What are the advantages of ovariectomy using
laparoscopy vs celiotomy

• Smaller incision
• Direct visualization
• Tension free ligation
• Shorter post op recovery

28
What are the fetal causes of dystocia

• Large foal size
• Abnormal foal posture/ presentation/ position
• Deformities

29
What are the maternal causes of dystocia

• Old pelvic fractures
• Cervical strictures
• Uterine torsion
• Uterine rupture

30
What is the time limit for repositioning before
needing to go for a C section

• 15 minutes

31
What is done to control bleeding after a C section

• Place a simple continuous suture pattern around
  the perimeter of the uterus

32
How is the uterus closed following a C section

• Double layer closure
• Cushing followed by a lembert