Agricultural Education 280

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Agricultural Education 280

• Session 7
• Events and Leaders in
• Agricultural Education

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Relevance

• 7. How is the history of agricultural education
  relevant to agricultural educators, agricultural
  educators, and agribusiness trainers?

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Learner Objectives

• Identify the major events that influenced the
  development of Agricultural Education
• Discuss the leaders who influenced the
  development of Agricultural Education and,
• Discuss how is the history of Agricultural
  Education is relevant to extension educators,
  agricultural educators, and agribusiness
  trainers.

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The 7 Questions ACT

• COL ATI
• 1. Think individually about the question provided
• 2. Discuss with a partner how these questions
  relate to events and leaders in Agricultural
  Education

• 3. As a team, respond to the next 7 questions and
  write your response on the paper provided
• 4. Instructor calls on a team to share

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Is Agricultural Education

• GROUPS 1, 4, 9, 14
• 1. To serve Agriculture or Education?
• 2. To serve Rural or Urban?
• 3. To be Male or Female?
• 4. To be Homogeneous White or Ethnically
  Diversified?
• 5. To serve Gifted Talented or Learning
  Challenged students?

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Is Agricultural Education

• GROUPS 5, 10, 15
• 6. To follow Dewey or Prosser?
• 7. To lead to employment or further
  post-secondary education?
• 8. To be Hands-On or Minds-On?
• 9. To meet the needs of the agricultural industry
  or develop the student?
• 10. To develop specialized skills or
  problem-solving for many types of situations?

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Is Agricultural Education

• GROUPS 2, 6, 7, 12
• 11. To be 3 integral parts or 3 separated parts?
• 12. To be Production-Based or Science-Based?
• 13. To be High-Tech (computers) or Mechanical
  (shop)?
• 14. To be Federally Supported or Locally
  Supported?
• 15. Financially driven or a sacred cow? AND, To
  be a 12 month or 9 month program?

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Is Agricultural Education

• GROUPS 3, 8, 11, 13
• 16. To be proficiency tested or exempted from
  proficiency tests?
• 17. To be a standardized curriculum or locally
  determined curriculum?
• 18. A prerequisite to be an FFA member or should
  FFA be open membership?
• 19. To be Class-driven or FFA-driven?
• 20. To develop agricultural literacy for ALL
  students (K-12) or agricultural knowledge and
  skills for interested students (9-12)?

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1. Who was the first agricultural educator in
America?

• Squanto Pilgrims
• James Ogelthorpe Colonists

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1. When and where was agricultural education
first taught in the school setting?

• 1734 Georgia, orphans school
• Latter 1700s Agricultural societies
• 1823 Gardiner Lyceum
• 1824 Rensselaer School, Troy, NY
• 1862 Land Grant Universities

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2. What are some of the primary reasons
Agricultural Education was created?

• Philadelphia Society for the Promotion of
  Agriculture
• Connecting the education of youth
• Hatch Act
• Dissemination of useful practical information
• Experiment station schools
• Dissatisfaction of colleges teaching agriculture
• Nature study and school gardens
• Beautify school grounds teaching elementary
• State Legislation required it
• Smith-Hughes
• Teach boys how to farm

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How has the name related to public school
education in agriculture changed over the years?
Why?

• Vocational Agriculture
• Agribusiness Education
• Agricultural Education
• Agricultural Science
• Environmental Agricultural Education
• WHY?
• Aims Purposes
• Curriculum

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3. What were the major events that influenced the
development of Agricultural Education?

• Criticism of public education
• Hatch Act
• States required ag in common schools
• National Education Association
• LGU Nelson Amendment
• Country Life Commission
• Federal funds policy
• Smith-Hughes Act
• Federal Board for Voc Ed
• Voc. Ed. Act of 1963

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4. Who are the influential leaders of
Agricultural Education and what contributions
have they made?

• Gardiner Lyceum
• Justin Morrill
• A. C. True Dick Crosby
• Liberty Hyde Bailey
• George Washington Carver
• Rufus Stimson

• Legislators Page-Wilson, Smith-Hughes
• Prosser Snedden
• Wilber F. Stewart
• Henry Groseclose
• H. M. Hamlin
• J. Robert Warmbrod

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5. What was the common developmental background
of the cooperative extension service and
agricultural education?

• Land Grant University
• Dissemination of ag. research to practice
• Youth Development
• Corn Tomato Clubs
• Fairs
• Education of youth
• Community Development
• Leader/educator
• Local advisory councils
• Adult Education
• Concern for Rural Life
• Agriculture Home Economics
• Federal Legislation

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6. How did FFA develop out of the youth club
movement?

• Corn club movement
• Congressional District Agriculture Schools in VA
• Farmers unions and clubs thrift clubs
• Rally Day
• Give boys a shot in the arm
• Needs to compete with his city cousin
• Opportunity for self-expression and leadership
• Develop confidence in ability and pride
• Henry Groseclose - FFV

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7. What are the 3 intracurricular components of
an agricultural education program?
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What does intracurricular mean?
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What was the Philadelphia Society for the
Promotion of Ag?

• "Tell me and I forget. Teach me and I remember.
  Involve me and I learn."

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Ben Franklin

• "There seem to be but three ways for a nation to
  acquire wealth. The first is by war, as the
  Romans did, in plundering their conquered
  neighbours. This is robbery. The second by
  commerce, which is generally cheating. The third
  by agriculture, the only honest way, wherein man
  receives a real increase of the seed thrown into
  the ground, in a kind of continual miracle,
  wrought by the hand of God in his favor, as a
  reward for his innocent life and his virtuous
  industry."

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What was Gardiner Lyceum Rensselaer?

• Private schools
• Early schools of agricultural instruction

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Who is Justin Morrill?

• Morrill Act (1862)
• Land Grant University

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What happened in 1887?

• Hatch Act

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Where was agriculture taught in the 1880s?

• Experiment station schools

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Who was A.C. True?

• Director of Experiment Stations
• Promoted agricultural education

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Who was Liberty Hyde Bailey?

• Nature study and school gardens
• Country Life Commission

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Who was Dick Crosby?

• A. C. Trues assistant

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What was the Yearbook to Agriculture?

• Publications on instructing agriculture

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Who was Booker T. Washington?

• Agricultural educator at Tuskegee

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Who was George Washington Carver?

• Agricultural educator at Tuskegee

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Who was the NEA?

• Recommended larger, urban schools teach nature
  study, elementary agriculture and hand work
  (1903)
• Established the Dept of Rural and Agricultural
  Education (1907)

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What was the Nelson Amendment?

• Funds for training vocational agriculture teachers

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Who was Rufus Stimson?

• Project Method
• Idea was put into the Smith-Hughes
• No Sex Discrimination
• Advisory Councils
• Adult Education
• Advocated a Balanced Education

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Who were Page Wilson?

• Introduced a bill similar to Smith-Hughes Act

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Who was Charles Prosser?

• NSPIE
• Drafted the original language of Smith-Hughes Act
• Social efficiency industrial model
• Snedden was a colleague

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Who was Hoke Smith Dudley Hughes?

• Smith-Hughes Act (1917)
• To "train boys and girls for work"
• Established vocational education
• Agriculture
• Homemaking
• Trade and Industrial Education

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What was vocational agriculture?

• To train people "who have entered upon or who are
  preparing to enter upon the work of the farm,"
  and provided federal funds for this purpose
• Segregation of students
• Segregation of the curriculum
• Vocational teachers emphasized job skills while
  academic classes were not as important

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What was the purpose of vocational education?

• The intellectual abilities of the vocational
  students were therefore limited, and the students
  were limited in career choices later in life
• At least half of the time of such instruction
  shall be given to practical work of a useful or
  productive basis, such instruction to extend over
  not less than nine months per year and not less
  than thirty hours per week
• 50-25-25 rule 50 per cent time in shop work
  twenty-five per cent in closely related subjects,
  and twenty-five per cent in academic course work

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Who was Wilber F. Stewart?

• 1st Department Chair of OSU Ag. Ed.
• Problem-Solving Approach to Teaching

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Who was the Henry Groseclose?

• Author of the FFA
• 1st Executive Secretary

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Who was John Dewey?

• Experiential learning

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Who is W. H. Lancelot?

• Permanent Learning
• Problem-Solving Teaching

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Who was H. M. Hamlin?

• 1st Editor of the Ag. Ed. Magazine
• Prolific writer

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What was the Voc. Ed. Act?

• No longer vocational ag
• Seven areas of agriculture
• Created Technical Schools Community Colleges
• JVS
• ATI

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What was 1965 and 1969?

• New Farmers of America
• Boys struck

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What was proposed in 1971?

• Name change
• How long did it
• take to get changed?
• 17 years
• Did it really change?
• The official name is National FFA Organization.
  Refer to the organization by the acronym FFA. Do
  not use periods within the acronym. The use of
  the name, Future Farmers of America, should be
  used ONLY FOR CLARIFICATION if at all and, in
  that instance, generally appears in parentheses.

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Who was J. Robert Warmbrod?

• Scholarship
• Distinguished Teacher
• Research Data Analysis
• Dept Chair College Dean
• Lead the NRC Commission

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What was the National Research Council?

• Dr. Robert Warmbrod
• Recommendations
• Change the Curriculum
• Agricultural Literacy, K-12
• Broaden and update
• Change the FFA
• Major revisions
• Open membership
• Change SAE
• Everyone has one
• Worthwhile experiences

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What makes Ag. Ed. unique?

• Supervised practice
• Leadership instruction
• Teachers as community agricultural leaders
• Problem-solving teaching
• Continuing education for adults
• Summer programs

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Who are the leaders in Ag. Ed? Fellows in Ag. Ed.

• Robert Warmbrod
• Gary Moore
• David McCracken
• Larry Miller
• Paul Vaughn
• Kirby Barrick
• Bob Birkenholz
• LH Newcomb
• Mac McCaslin

• David Williams
• Glen Shinn
• Jasper Lee
• Bob Stewart
• Robert Terry

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7. How is the history of agricultural education
relevant to extension educators, agricultural
educators, and agribusiness trainers?

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Events Leaders in Career-Technical Education

• Session 8
• October 16, 2001
• Groups 5 12

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