INTERNET VIA SATELLITES

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INTERNET VIA SATELLITES

• Paul Nalikka
• Regional Director
• Africa/Sales and Marketing

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Topics

• Internet delivery via satellites - Drivers
• Bandwidth Solutions
• ISPs
• Contacts at INTELSAT

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The Internet Bucket is Far From Full
304 Million
Internet Users
Total World
Population
6 Billion
Sources NUA Internet Surveys and U.S. Census
Bureau

• Only 5 of the worlds population use the
  Internet
• Penetration rate in North America is only 45

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Internet Over Satellites A Summary

• INTERNET over INTELSATs satellites
• Over 80 of African countries use INTELSAT for
  their Internet traffic with Europe and North
  America
• INTELSAT carries more than 10x36 MHz of Internet
  traffic

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Internet Delivery via Satellites What are the
Drivers?

• Rapid and easy implementation
• Network congestion bypass
• High quality
• Delivering Cost savings
• Scalable capacity
• IP multicast
• Symmetric asymmetric configurations

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Drivers Unique to Africa

• Insufficient terrestrial facilities, no cable
  connectivity - leading to demand for satellite
  solutions
• Lack of Cross-border or regional backbones
• Most internet connections hub in USA, UK and
  France
• Most used Internet application in Africa is email
  (1998 ECA study)
• 35 displacing voice and fax
• 65 new traffic VPN, audio,video

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Drivers Unique to Africa (cont)

• Local Web content development increasing
• Hosts went up from 290 (1995) to over 10,000
  (1998) excluding RSA leading to a dramatic
  increase in demand for bandwidth
• The factors above are driving growth
• 1995 South Africa had 64kbps links
• Today, 17 countries have 512kbps satellite links
  or more
• Kenya, Nigeria, RSA have 8 Mbps or more satellite
  links in service

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Internet Driving Demand for Bandwidth
Multimedia Applications
Global Growth in Consumer Base
Bandwidth
Convergence
E-commerce
Intranets/ Extranets
Competition
Bandwidth demand is accelerating
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Satellite Broadband Solutions

• Asymmetric Satellite Links
• IP Multicasting
• Move Content to Network Edges
• Convergence-VoIP

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Asymmetry

• Internet traffic is asymmetric
• Ratio of request traffic to return traffic is
  typically 15
• Host location of Internet data is predominantly
  in North America (75 by some estimates)
• Terrestrial networks typically offer symmetrical
  links Not cost effective

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Asymmetry (cont)

• Satellite links address Internet asymmetry in a
  cost effective way
• Flexible - symmetric or asymmetric
• Scalable to fit outbound and inbound traffic
  requirements
• Rapid deployment

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IP Multicasting

• Unicast separate copy of data is sent to each
  client who requests it
• Broadcast single copy of data is sent to all
  clients on network
• Multicast bandwidth efficient - sends single
  copy of data to clients who request it
• Multiple copies are not sent
• Data is sent where it is needed

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Caching - Moving Content to Network Edge

• Primary function push popular web-based content
  closer to the end-user i) fast access ii)improved
  bandwidth efficiency iii) transmission cost
  reduction
• The primary cache (at the WAREHOUSE) can be
  filled by reference to user profiles and/or by
  content provider subscriptions
• Contents of the warehouse cache are periodically
  multicast to subscribing ISPs
• The secondary cache (at the kiosk) locally serves
  end-user subscribers of each ISP
• Reduces the international world wide wait

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Multicasting and Edgecasting (Caching)
real-time Internet access service (the PULL
mode accessway, for todays interactive
application set)
inbound
requests plus
acknowledgments
warehouse/hub site -
content distributor
inbound
real-time
Internet requests/
content
outbound
real-time
near-to-real-time Internet delivery to cache (via
a true PUSH mode) could also include real-time
(true webcasting) services
Internet content/
requests
I N T E R N E T
outbound
Internet cache
contents/updates
any single kiosk site -
receiving in both multicast
...it has PUSH and PULL data delivery modes
combined
and unicast modes
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Technology is Converging on the Internet
Convergence Represents the Rapid Coming Together
of aWide Range of Formerly Distinct Industries
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Convergence - VoIP

• VoIP refers to transmission of Voice over the
  IP Protocol
• Convergence of voice and data
• Voice source coding to reduce bandwidth
• QoS Issues
• Latency, Jitter, Packet Loss
• Opportunities and Challenges
• Regulatory
• ISPs vs Telephone Companies

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VOIP and Internet Access for Rural
Communications using VSAT via INTELSAT Satellite
INTELSAT
Satellite
HUB Antenna
C-Band or
Ku-Band
Network
VSAT
Management
System
Out Door
Unit
(ODU)
E/S Equipment
Satellite
Modem
GateKeeper
Router
Wireless
Ethernet Hub
Satellite
Hub Router
Modem
VoIP VSAT Gateway
Billing
_at_ Remote
System
Router
VoIP
Gateway
Ethernet Hub
Digital or Analog
Channels
RSU
Digital or
RSU
Voice
Phone 2
Phone n
Analog Interface
Channels
Approx 30 miles in radius
PBX
Wireless Local
RSU
Loop (WLL)
Phone 1
256 kbit/s
Wireless
Remote
PSTN
Router
Fax
PC
PC
Router
ISP
RSU Remote Subscriber Unit -- approx. 30 miles
radius
Wireless-WAN Router -- approx. 15-20
miles radius
Fax
INTERNET
Backbone
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Why Are More and More ISPs Choosing Satellite
Access?

• Now
• Bandwidth solutions
• National terrestrial circuits not adequate to
  support all cities or remote locations
• Economically attractive asymmetric solutions
• High reliability
• No alternative connectivities

• Future
• 1) Application / network-based solutions
• VSAT/DVB-Based IP Service
• Multicasting and Caching-reduces transmission
  cost
• Satellite Link Enhancement (TCP/IP Spoofing)
• Improves performance
• 2) Regulatory relief

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Satellite-Based ISP Implementation Setup
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In Summary

• Internet revolution is here
• Key drivers cost, bandwidth, reliability
  connectivity, convergence
• Opportunities for ISPs, telephony providers
• IP Telephony, e-commerce, etc.
• Challenges exist
• Network, cost, security, regulatory etc
• Satellite-based solutions are cost effective

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The INTELSAT Difference

• Industry Leader
• Highest Market Share
• Testing Proof of Concept for New Enabling
  Technologies
• Pre-Engineered Solutions
• Customer Driven
• Greatest Global Reach - 200 Partners
• Advantage Program
• IBN

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Africa Sales Group
24 hour response Tel number 1-202-944-7111 Fax
Number 1-202-944-8133
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INTELSAT on the Web

• INTELSAT Web Pagehttp//www.intelsat.int
• INTELSAT Business Network (IBN)https//ibn.intel
  sat.int
• Customer Service Homepagehttp//www.intelsat.int
  /csc/customer.htm
• Africa Sales GroupE-mail sales.africa_at_intelsat.
  int