The Industrial Revolution

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The Industrial Revolution
Traveling back in time
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Scientific, Technological Industrial
Developments

• 1769 Steam Engine - James Watt
• Replaced water as the major power source
• 1793 Cotton Gin - Eli Whitney
• Cleaned cotton more quickly than hand laborers
  could

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• 1844 Vulcanization - Charles Goodyear
• Basis of the modern rubber industry
• 1850 Bessemer Process - Henry Bessemer
• Cheaper and more efficient method of making steel

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• 1879 Light Bulb Thomas Edison
• Replaced all other sources of illumination.
• 1893 Gasoline Automobile Charles Frank Duryea
• Used internal combustion engine, developed by
  Europeans.
• 1906 Assembly Line Henry Ford
• Revolutionized the process of mass production

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Social Environmental Changes

• With the increased production from the cotton
  gin, more people were needed to pick the
  increased crop, which expanded slavery.
• Improved transportation, including stone-topped
  roadways, canals, faster boats, steam
  locomotives, and automobiles.
• Electricity became a power source for factory
  production, and provided a more efficient method
  of lighting cities.

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• As cities grew, more people migrated to the
  cities, which created a greater demand for
  leisure and cultural activities. This led to the
  construction of more concert halls and museums.
• Workers formed unions, and went on strike to
  improve their working conditions and raise their
  wages.
• Increased production from factories brought
  increased pollution and left cities surrounded by
  smog.

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Changes in Daily Lives

• Men
• Preferred to hire younger unskilled men, because
  they would work for lower wages. However, as
  machines became more widely used, many men,
  especially older men and skilled workers found
  themselves out of jobs.
• Women
• Many no longer had the resources or the need to
  grow food or make clothes, so many women took
  jobs in textile mills or factories. However, many
  worked in domestic services as well.
• Children
• To make up for lost income, children were sent to
  work in textiles. They worked for less pay, and
  were hired to perform jobs that adults could not.
  

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• Home Life
• Lived in tenements, which were always
  overcrowded, and were characterized by poor and
  unsanitary conditions.

• Factory Life
• 14 hour work days, strict factory discipline,
  unsafe conditions that often resulted in injuries
  or health problems.

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And Now Back to the future