The Sources Of Islam

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The Sources Of Islam
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• The Quran

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Names of the Quran

• Quran (recitation) mentioned 73 times 1788
• Kitab (book) mentioned 77 times (21-2)
• Furqan (Criterion) 4 times
• Dhikr (Reminder) mentioned 55 times
• Tanzeel (Revelation) over 140 times

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Linguistic Meaning

• Quran root word is QARAA meaning read or
  recite. Hence, Quran means the reading or the
  recitation
• And (it is) a Quran which We have divided
  (into parts), in order that you might recite it
  to men at intervals 17106

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Islamic Meaning

• The Quran is the Arabic Speech of Allah, which
  He revealed to Prophet Muhammad in wording and
  meaning, and has been preserved in the mushafs,
  and has reached us by mutawaatir transmission,
  and is a challenge to mankind to produce
  something similar to it.

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Inimitability Of the Quran

• The Quran is considered the Greatest miracles
• And if you are in doubt concerning that which
  We have sent down to Our slave, then produce a
  chapter of the like thereof and call your
  witnesses (supporters and helpers) besides Allah,
  if you are truthful.
• Five verses 223-24,1038,1113,1788
• 5233-34

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QURAN SCIENCE

• HUMAN EMBRYO, FLIES, ORIGIN OF THE UNIVERSE,
  EXPANSION OF THE UNIVERSE, ON IRON, SENSORY
  CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SKIN, ON BOTANY, THE
  CONSTITUENTS AND PRODUCE OF MILK, ABOUT THE
  CLOUDS, THE RIVERS, THE FUNCTION OF THE FOREPART
  OF THE HEAD
• See http//www.islam-guide.com/
  http//www.quranandscience.com/miracles.html

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A Gradual Revelation

• Wisdom behind gradual revelation
• 1. To strengthen resolve 2532
• 2. To simplify memorization and understanding
• 3.) To prove the truthfulness of the Prophet
  2533
• 4.) To prove the miraculous nature of the Quran
  482
• 5.) To reveal the laws of Islam

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Compilation of the Quran

• 1st compilation by Abu Bakr in 12 AH after the
  Battle of Yamaamah
• 2nd compilation by Uthman 24-25 AH

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Compilation of Quran

• Why wasnt it compiled during the life of the
  Prophet?
• The Quran was written down in totality but the
  Prophet didnt order that it be compiled between
  two covers
• No pressing need
• Quran continued to be revealedlast verse nine
  days before death
• Quran not in chronological order

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Content of the Quran

• 114 chapters
• 6207 verses
• 77,934 words
• 323,671 letters
• Main themes
• Creed or matters of Belief (Aqeedah)
• Stories and History
• Laws

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Preservation of the Quran

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  ???? ? ?????????????
• Verily, We have revealed the Reminder, and
  verily We shall preserve it. (159)

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The oldest Quranic manuscripts

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Memorization of Quran

• And We have indeed made the Quran easy to
  understand and remember, then is there any one
  who will remember (or receive admonition)?
  (5417)
• It will be said to the companion of the Quran
  Recite and rise in status, recite as you used to
  recite in the world, for your status will be at
  the last verse that you recite. (Abu Dawood)

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Memorization of Quran

• The Prophet said Learn the Quran, preserve
  it, and recite it in a beautiful, musical manner,
  because it is swifter in escaping (from your
  memory) than the camels are from their hobbles.
  Musnad Ahmad

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Sciences of the Quran

• Occasion of revelation
• Benefit of this knowledge
• To understand the circumstances in which a verse
  was revealed
• To apply verses in a proper manner
• To know the person who caused the revelation

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Sciences of the Quran

• Abrogation
• And when We change a Verse in place of
  another, and Allah knows best what He sends down,
  they (the disbelievers) say "You are but a
  forger/ liar)." 16101
• Example Ruling on Alcohol
• 2219 (harmful), dont pray drunk (443),
  prohibited (590)

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Sciences of the Quran

• Abrogation
• Benefits of this knowledge
• Understand and implement Quran properly
• Knowledge of gradual revelation of shariah
• Defense of Quran and Sunnah

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Sciences of the quran

• Recitation
• Tajweed Science of the recitation of the Quran
• Ten different recitation of the Quran
• Young boy
• Indonesian
• American
• Kuwaiti
• Saudi
• Egyptian

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Virtue of the Quran

• The best of you is he who learns the Quran and
  teaches it to others. (Bukhari)
• I have certainly left among you two matters,
  that if you adhere to them, you will never be
  misguided the book of Allah and the Sunnah of
  His prophet (Malik)

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Virtue of Quran

• And if there had been a Quran with which
  mountains could be moved (from their places), or
  the earth could be cloven asunder, or the dead
  could be made to speak (it would not have been
  other than this Quran). But the decision of all
  things is certainly with Allah. Have not then
  those who believed yet known that had Allah
  willed, He could have guided all mankind? 1331

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The neglect of the Quran

• Furqan 30
• Avoiding listening to its recitation, beliving in
  it or paying attention to it
• Avoiding acting by and respecting what the Quran
  states as halal and Haram
• Avoiding accepting the Quran as an arbiter
• Avoiding pondering over it
• Avoiding using it as a cure for the diseases of
  the heart

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Reaction to the Quran

• Embraced Islam
• Listening to it secretly themselves
• Claimed it was magic (Story of Waleed p.269)

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The Sunnah

• Lexical meaning A way, course, manner
• Islamic meaning What has been passed down
  from the Prophet of his statements, actions or
  tacit approvals.
• Hadith

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The Authority of the Sunnah

• Same level of authority as Quran
• O you who believe! Obey Allah and obey the
  Messenger, and those of you who are in authority.
  (And) if you differ in anything amongst
  yourselves, refer it to Allah and His Messenger,
  if you believe in Allah and in the Last Day. That
  is better and more suitable for final
  determination.(480)

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The Authority of the Sunnah

• Verily I have been given the Book and something
  similar to it (Abu Dawood)
• Open to Hadith Criticism

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Hadith Qudsi

• The sayings that are termed as al-qudsi are
  such that while the Prophet was relating them to
  his Companions, he mentioned that Allah, in
  effect, had communicated them to him. However,
  these communications do not form part of the
  Quran.

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Differences from Quran

• 1.) In the Quran the precise wording is from
  Allah, while wording in the Hadith Qudsi is given
  by the Prophet Muhammad
• 2.) The Quran is inimitable while the Hadith
  Qudsi is not

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Differences from Quran

• 3.) The Quran has been transmitted by
  (tawaatur), whereas the Hadith Qudsi is often
  only transmitted by a few.
• 4.) Hadith Qudsi cannot be recited in the
  prayer.