Phylum Porifera common name: Sponges

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Phylum Porifera-common name Sponges
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Characteristics

• Porus (pore) fera (bearing)
• Asymmetric
• No True Tissues

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Phylum Cnidaria
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Characteristics

• Radially Symmetrical
• Cnidocytes (stinging cells)
• Diploblastic (2 tissue layers endoderm and
  ectoderm)
• Gastrovascular cavity
• 2 forms sessile polyps, free floating medusas

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Class Hydrazoa- ex. Hydra
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Class Scyphozoa- ex. Jellyfish
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Class Anthozoa- ex. corals
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Phylum Platyhelminthes Flat Worms Plays
(flat), helmins (worm)
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Characteristics

• Bilateral Symmetry
• Dorsoventrally flattened
• Acoelomate (body cavity)
• Triploblastic (all 3 tissue layers)

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Class Tubullaria - planarians Asexual
reproduction by transverse fission (budding) If
you cut a turbellarian in half it can
regenerate- regeneration involves
undifferentiated cells in mesoderm called
neoblasts these cells are totipotent
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Class Cestoda - Tapeworms
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Phylum Nematoda - roundworms
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Characteritistics

• Psuedocoelomates
• Bilateral symmetry
• Triploblastic
• Known for being parasitic

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Some human-parasitic nematodes
eggs Ascariasis Ascaris lumbrioides Pinworms
Enterobius vermicularis Whipworms Trichuris
trichiura Hookworms Necator, Ancylostoma
Trichinosis Trichinella spiralis River
blindness Onchocerca volvulus Guinea worm
Dracunculus medinensis Heartworm Dirofilaria
immitis Filarial worms Wucheria, Loa, Brugia
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Filarial nematodestransmitted by biting
insects Adults live in tissues, blood vessels, or
lymphatic ducts of vertebrate host Produce live
young (microfilariae) that invade tissues and
fluids Wucheria bancrofti rarely causes a
condition called elephantiasis by blocking
lymphatic return and causing chronic edema and
fibrosis Onchocerca volvulus causes river
blindness affects 30 million people Dirofilaria-
dog cat heartworm
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• Female matures in 1 year- up to 3 feet long and
  as wide as a spaghetti noodle.
• Adult females migrate to the body surface,
  causing a blister and burning pain (fiery
  serpent).
• Afflicted persons immerse affected skin in water-
  the worm then releases millions of larvae into
  the water, contaminating the water supply.

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Phylum Annelida- segmented worms- Annelus
(little ring)

• Characteristics
• Eucoelomates
• Protostomes
• Bilateral Symmetry
• Triploblastic

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Phylum Annelida Class Polychaeta
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Class Oligochaeta
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(No Transcript)
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Class Hirudenia Leech
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Leech and Friend
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Phylum Mollusca- soft bodies

• Characteristics
• Eucoelomates
• Triploblastic
• Protostomes
• Bilateral symmetry
• Lots of variations of body forms

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Phylum Mollusca Class Polyplacophora Chiton
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Class Gastropoda ex. Conch
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Class Bivalvia ex. Scallop
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Class Cephalopoda ex. Octopus
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Phylum Arthropoda- Artron (joint), podos (foot)

• Characteristics
• Protostomes
• Bilaterally symmetric
• Triploblatic tissues
• Exoskeleton made of chiton

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Class Merostomata (Horseshoe Crab)
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Class Arachnida
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Subphylum Crustacea
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Subphylum Uniramia
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Class Chilopoda (Centipede)
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Class Diplopoda (Millipede)
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Class Insecta
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Phylum Echinodermata- Echino (spiny), derma
(skin) -ex. Sea Urchin, Brittle Stars, Starfish
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Characteristics

• Dueterostomes
• Triploblastic
• Eucoelomate
• Unique symmetry

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Phylum Chordata - chorda (cord)

• Characteristics
• Eucoelomate
• Bilateral Symmetry
• Triploblastic
• Dueterostome
• 4 defining Characterisitcs
• DHNC
• Notocord
• Pharyngeal gill slits
• Post anal tail

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Phylum Chordata Subphylum Urochordata (ex.
Tunicates)
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Subphylum Cephalochordata (ex. Lancelet)
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Subphylum Vertebrata
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Class Agnatha (ex. Lampreys)
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Class Chondrichthyes cartilaginous fish-ex.
(Sharks, Rays, and Skates)
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Class Osteichthyes-ex. Bony fish
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Class Lissamphibia (ex. Toads, Salamanders,
frogs)
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Class Reptilia-ex. Turtles and snakes
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Class Aves (Birds) ex. Red Tail Hawk
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Class Mammalia (Mammals)- ex. Sloth