PCWs and Prereading Strategies

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PCWs and Prereading Strategies
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Prereading Activities

• Motivates Students
• Activates background experiences and knowledge
• Prepares neural net for new information
• Helps readers organize information
• influences readers
• initial comprehension
• efficiency in recall
• critical analysis of text
• Prevents frustration thus increases motivation
  self-efficacy

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Inferential Questioning

• Before reading an assignment students are lead in
  a discussion that brings out other background
  knowledge that relates to the assignment and
  arouses their curiosity about the assignment.
  This is accomplished by asking three paired
  questions.
• The first question of each pair asks students to
  tell about their experiences that they have had
  that relate to the ideas in the assignment. The
  second question asks them to predict something
  relative to the assignment.
• When they finish reading you should go back and
  check the predictions.

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Inferential QuestionsSuggestions for developing
questions

• Read the assignment and formulate three
  statements expressing these ideas or concepts in
  reading. These will be for your use alone,
  students will not use them.
• Write two questions as described above that will
  be centered around those ideas.
• Carefully compose the first question to bring out
  likely background experiences (real life, not
  book knowledge).

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Demonstration-Fire And Ice

• Have any of you had a bad burn? What happened?
  Have any of you been badly frostbitten? What
  happens?

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Demonstration-Fire And Ice

• Have any of you had a bad burn? What happened?
  Have any of you been badly frostbitten? What
  happens?
• The poem we are going to read today is titled
  Fire and Ice, by Robert Frost. Which force do
  you think Frost will say is stronger, cold or
  heat? (Write your predictions down on a piece of
  paper.)

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Demonstration-Fire And Ice

• Have any of you had a bad burn? What happened?
  Have any of you been badly frostbitten? What
  happens?
• The poem we are going to read today is titled
  Fire and Ice, by Robert Frost. Which force do
  you think Frost will say is stronger, cold or
  heat? (Write your predictions down on a piece of
  paper.)
• It is possible to love someone too much? Can you
  tell of a situation that you know of or have
  experienced in which somebody loves another
  person too much? What happened?

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Demonstration-Fire And Ice

• Have any of you had a bad burn? What happened?
  Have any of you been badly frostbitten? What
  happens?
• The poem we are going to read today is titled
  Fire and Ice, by Robert Frost. Which force do
  you think Frost will say is stronger, cold or
  heat? (Write your predictions down on a piece of
  paper.)
• It is possible to love someone too much? Can you
  tell of a situation that you know of or have
  experienced in which somebody loves another
  person too much? What happened?
• Which force do you think Frost will say is
  stronger, love or hate? (Write your predictions
  down on a piece of paper.)

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Fire and Ice

• Some say the world will end in fire,
• Some say in ice.
• From what Ive tasted of desire
• I hold with those who favor fire.
• But if I had to perish twice,
• I think I know enough of hate
• To say that for destruction ice
• Is also great
• And would suffice.
• Robert Frost

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The Little Red Hen

• A. Have you ever taken a lot of effort to help
  someone without expecting to be paid? What
  happened?
• B. In the story were going to read none of the
  characters are very helpful. How do you think
  the main character, who needs help, will react?
• A. Have you ever refused to give something to
  someone because they didnt deserve it? How did
  that make you feel?
• B. In the story were going to read today, the
  main character doesnt share some rewards with
  the other characters. How do you think theyll
  react?
• A. When you need help on a project or a job, how
  do you get other people to help you?
• B. In the story were going to read today, the
  main character is trying to get some help. How
  do you think shell go about getting it?

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Politics as Unusual

• Have you ever done something you were convinced
  was for someone elses best interest? What
  happened?
• In the play we are to read, one of the main
  characters does something that he thinks will
  help the people of the nation. Do you think that
  this is really why he does it? What other
  reasons might there be?
• Have you ever been in the situation where you
  knew someone was against you but you didnt
  really think they would do anything bad to you,
  but later find that they have done something to
  really hurt you?
• In the play, the leader of a country
  underestimates the opposition. What will happen
  to him?
• How did you get your friends to believe the same
  things that you believe?
• In the play, there is a bad guy who tries to
  corrupt a good guy. What methods do you think
  hell use?

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And the Drama is?

• The names of this famous and and its author are?

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Julius Caesar

• By William Shakespeare

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Algebra One

• If you were making cookies and had one and a
  third cups of flour but needed three how would
  you figure out how much more flour you needed?
• Our algebra book is going to show us a way to do
  this sort of figuring with a formula. How do you
  think the book will write such a problem?
• Has anyone ever worked with a balance scale?
  What do you do with a balance scale?
• In this section we are going to learn to keep an
  equation balanced. How do you thing you will do
  this?
• Have any of you ever made your own pattern for a
  woodworking project? How do you make sure that a
  door frame or a picture frame is going to fit?
• The procedure were going to learn today will
  help you measure a plan project like this. How
  do you think algebra can help you in construction
  projects? Algebra One
• Keedy, Bittenger and Smith (1978)Addison-Wesleypa
  ge 102

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Weight Training

• Have you ever done something that caused you to
  develop greater strength? What did you do?
• Were starting a unit on weight training. If you
  wanted to develop more strength in your upper
  back, which type of exercises would you need to
  perform?
• Have you ever strained a muscle? How did you
  strain it and what was the result?
• As you are beginning weight training why might it
  be important to begin slowly?

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Anticipation GuideBefore you read the poem check
those statements you can agree with. Discuss
your responses with class members providing
reasons for your choices. After reading the
poem, check in the column headed Dickey those
statements with which Dickey would agree.

• You Dickey
• ___ ___ 1. Teenagers make mistakes that
  ruin their
• entire lives.
• ___ ___ 2. Every action in life has an
  irrevocable
• reaction.
• ___ ___ 3. The world of nature views our
  foolish actions
• without emotion.
• ___ ___ 4. Close only counts in
  horseshoes and hand
• grenades.

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The Scarred GirlJames Dickey
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(No Transcript)
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Prediction Guide-History

• In 1840 President Jefferson sent a band of
  forty-two people to explore Louisiana. They were
  led by Meriwether Lewis and William Clark. Lewis
  and Clark were to learn all about the land,
  climate, animals, and plants of the new
  territory. They were to study the languages and
  customs of the Native Americans of the area.
  They were also told to map the rivers and to go
  beyond Louisiana to the Pacific Ocean.
• List ten things you think Lewis and Clark will
  discover about the new lands.

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Alternate Format-Prediction Guide

• Same introduction
• Mark any of the following predictions that you
  believe will be true.
• Lewis and Clark will explore Canada.
• Lewis and Clark will be guided by an Indian
  woman.
• Indians in this area will be raising cotton.
• The United States will gain additional land
  through war with the French.
• The people who already live in these new lands
  will be forced to give up their land and farms.
• Lewis and Clark plan the route for Interstate 80.
• Explorers will discover the water route to India
  that Columbus was first looking for.

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DRTA

• Teacher guided reading experience
• Many teachers guides use this format
• Teachers guides go overboardpare down to the
  elements that support the needs of readers in
  your classroom
• Student generated questions are a particularly
  effective comprehension strategy
• You have to be prepared to trust your students

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ReQuest

• Prediction is an essential element in effective
  reading
• Key in metacognition