Pulitzer Prize

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Pulitzer Prize

• By Kate Li

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Definition

• An award given in the United States of which is
  regarded as the highest honor for print
  journalism, literary achievements, or musical
  compositions.
• The very first Pulitzer Prize was given on June
  4, 1917.
• Announcements on the winners are made in April in
  recent times.

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About the Awards

• Recipients of the award are chosen by an
  independent board administered by Columbia
  University.
• The categories from which the prizes are given
  are letters, journalism, and arts.

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Joseph Pulitzer

• April 10, 1847- October 29, 1911
• Born in Makó (present day Hungary)
• Was an American publisher who wanted a military
  career.
• However, he was refused by the Austrian army for
  frail physicality and poor eyesight.

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Joseph Pulitzer

• Emigrated to the U.S. in 1864 to serve in the
  Civil War.
• After the war he settled in St. Louis, Missouri,
  where he later worked for a German newspaper
  called the Westliche Post. In 1869 he joined the
  Republican Party and was then elected for the
  Missouri State Assembly.
• In 1872 he bought the Westliche Post for
  3,000,and in 1878 bought the St. Louis Dispatch
  for 2,700.
• He then combined the two to form the St. Louis
  Post-Dispatch which remains to this day the daily
  St. Louis newspaper.

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Joseph Pulitzer

• In 1883 Pulitzer was already a very wealthy man,
  and purchased the New York World for 346,000,
  and shifted its focus to human-interest stories,
  scandals, and sensationalism.
• In 1885 he was elected to the U.S. House of
  representatives, but then resigned after a few
  months of service. He decided that politics was
  not for him.
• However, under Pulitzers management, the New
  York World leaped from 15,000 to 600,000 in
  circulation. This made it the largest newspaper
  in the country.
• sensationalism is the manner of being very
  loud, controversial, and attention-grabbing.

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Joseph Pulitzer

• However, further issues arose in the next few
  years. The editor of the rival newspaper New York
  Sun, attacked Pulitzer in print and called him
  The Jew who abandoned his religion.
• In 1895 William Randolph Hearst bought the New
  York Journal, which soon lead to a circulation
  war competing about the coverage of the
  Spanish-American War with the New York World,
  during which Pulitzers name was associated with
  yellow journalism.
• Then, in 1909, when the New York World exposed a
  fraudulent payment of 40 million by the U.S. to
  the French Panama Canal Company, Pulitzer was
  indicted for libeling Theodore Roosevelt and J.P
  Morgan. The courts then dismissed Pulitzer which
  was a great success for freedom of the press.

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Joseph Pulitzer

• In 1892, Pulitzer donated to Columbia
  Universitys president Seth Low, money to set up
  the first school of journalism.
• Though Columbia initially refused, deterred by
  Pulitzers blemished past, in 1902, Columbias
  new president, Nicholas Murray Butler accepted
  Pulitzers offer, though it was not until after
  his death (Pulitzer left 2 million to Columbia
  in his will), and became the Columbia University
  Graduate School of Journalism. However, by then a
  journalism school had already been created at the
  University of Missouri.
• His school to this day, remains the most
  prestigious journalism school in the world.

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His Death

• Joseph Pulitzer died in the harbor of Charleston,
  South Carolina aboard his yacht in 1911.
• In 1917 the very first Pulitzer Prize was given
  in accordance to his last wishes.

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Pulitzer Milestones

• First Women to win Pulitzer were Laura E.
  Richards, Maude Howe Elliott, and Florence Howe
  Hall.
• Theyre biography Julia Ward Howe won the award
  in 1917.

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Pulitzer Milestones

• Suzan-Lori Parks became the first
  African-American woman to win the Pulitzer Prize
  in drama for her play, Topdog/Underdog

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Bibliography

• Http//www.en.wikipedia.com