CS556 Advanced Software Development Lectures 1 and 2

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CS556 Advanced Software DevelopmentLectures 1
and 2

• Lecturer Adrian ORiordan
• Office Computer Science Prefab, Kane Building
• Email a.oriordan_at_cs.ucc.ie
• Course Webpage http//www.cs.ucc.ie/adrian/cs565
  .html

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CS565 Overview

• 5 Credit course
• 2 lectures a week Monday 12-1 And Thursday
  10-11
• Practicals to be announced
• Tutorials as required
• Assessment will consist of an end-of-year written
  examination (80) and continuous assessment
  during the year (20).
• You have to pass combined total. There is a
  re-sit in the autumn your continuous assessment
  mark is carried forward.

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CS565 On-line

• Webpage at http//www.cs.ucc.ie/adrian/cs565.html
  
• Will contain
• Course Overview - Syllabus, etc.
• Notices
• Lectures slides (as course progresses)
• Reading list and web links
• Assignments and Exercises

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CS565 Learning Outcomes

• Be able to write Java applications in a good
  object oriented style
• Be able to design medium sized software in a
  structured manner
• Be able to use object oriented abstractions and
  methods in an appropriate way
• Be able to employ the Java SWING library to write
  professional looking GUI applications
• Become familiar with software engineering
  development process
• Be able to use software tools to design UML
  diagrams

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Teaching Methods

• It is important that you attend both the lectures
  and any labs!
• Notes will on slides and handouts.
• Assignments and exercises will be placed on the
  course webpage during the year.
• No textbook covers all the material exactly. See
  the list of relevant books later on.
• Readings will be assigned during the year.

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Course Contents I

• Part 1 Object Oriented Programming in Java
• (12 lectures approx.)
• Java Programming review of fundamentals
• Object Oriented Concepts in Java objects,
  classes, encapsulation, inheritance,
  polymorphism, generics
• Event driven programming and Java Swing library
  for GUI programming windows, buttons, lists,
  menus, etc,
• Optional Basic graphics programming in Java
  lines, shapes, colours, etc.
• Overview of Java J2SE Platform

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Course Contents II

• Part 2 Development in Java/UML
• (12 lectures approx.)
• Tools development tools, IDEs, building
  applications, documentation, debugging
• Software Development Lifecycle Overview
• Software Design Overview
• The Unified Modeling Language (UML) notation
  class diagrams - classes, associations,
  attributes and operations package notation -
  subsystems

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CS565 Practical Component

• Java development with the command-line JDK and
  with an IDE
• object oriented programs
• event-driven GUI applications
• Software design in UML using a simple CASE tool
• Introduction to developing larger systems, e.g.
  builds, plug-ins, debugging, deployment

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CS565 Useful Books on Java

• Many listed on course Webpage. Here are a few
  comprehensive Java books
• Big Java by Cay S. Horstmann Wiley, 2007
• Java How to Program (6th Edition) by Harvey
  Paul Deitel Associates Prentice Hall, 2004
• Introduction to Java Programming - Comprehensive
  Version (6th Edition) by Y Daniel Liang Prentice
  Hall, 2006

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CS565 Useful Websites on Java

• Official sites
• java.sun.com Sun Microsystems developer network
  contains APIs, downloads, support, etc.
• jcp.org Java Community Process community
  development of Java technology containing
  repository of specifications
• java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/ - Suns Java
  tutorials
• java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/ - SE6 documentation
• IDEs
• eclipse.org
• netbeans.org
• bluej.org

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CS565 Useful Books on Soft Dev

• Many listed on course Webpage. Here are a few
  Software Engineering books
• Software Engineering A Practitioner's Approach
  6th ed., Roger Pressman, McGraw-Hill, 2004.
• Software Engineering, 8th edition, Ian
  Sommerville, Addison-Wesley, 2006.
• Code Complete A Practical Handbook of Software
  Construction, Steve McConnell, Microsoft Press,
  1993.
• Object-Oriented and Classical Software
  Engineering, Stephen R. Schach, McGraw-Hill, 2004.

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Java Programming Language

• Java is an object oriented programming language
  based on C and C-based object oriented languages
  such as C and Objective C. Mesa, Oberon, and
  Smalltalk were also influences.
• Specifications of the Java language, the Java
  Virtual Machine (JVM) and the Java API are
  community-maintained through the Sun-managed Java
  Community Process.
• The Java Runtime Environment (JRE) is the
  software required to run any application deployed
  on the Java platform. End-users commonly use a
  JRE in software packages and plugins. Sun
  distributes a superset of the JRE called the Java
  SDK which includes development tools such as the
  Java compiler, Javadoc, and debugger.

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Program Development Basics

• The basics of Java programming consist of
  specifying an algorithm and implementing this by
  writing Java program code. The program or source
  code is a set of instructions.
• E.g. HelloWorldApp.java
• A program can consist of one or more .java files.

/ simply prints "Hello World!" to standard
output. / class HelloWorldApp public
static void main(String args)
System.out.println("Hello World!") // Display
the string.
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Java Programming Environment

• These are compiled into a .class files which is
  bytecode. This is run on a JVM (Java Virtual
  Machine) such as Suns Hotspot.
• The bytecode is a standardized portable binary
  format. Multiple .class files can be packaged
  together into a .jar (Java archive).
• The JVM runtime executes .class or .jar files by
  emulating the JVM by interpreting it, or using a
  just-in-time compiler (JIT).

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Compilation/Interpretation
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Java Technology

• Development Tools compiling (e.g. javac),
  running (e.g. java), documenting (javadoc),
  debugging
• APIs (Application Programming Interface)
  library specs
• Deployment Technology applications, JAR files,
  Web Start, plugins
• User Interface and Graphics Toolkits Swing,
  Java 2D
• Integration Libraries JDBC database connect,
  Java RMI
• Components Java Beans, J2EE

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JDK

• Programmers can create Java applications using
  simple tools such as editors, and command line
  tools such as provided by Suns JDK (Java SE
  Development Kit).
• Basic tools include
• javac compiler for the Java programming language
• java launcher for Java applications
• javadoc documentation generator
• appletviewer run and debug applets
• jar create and manage Java Archive (JAR) files
• jdb Java Debugger
• Many other tools for e.g. security, rmi,
  monitoring

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Using JDK

• Write your Java code in files usually one class
  per file. Compile the code with javac. Fix the
  compile errors and recompile. When there are no
  more compile errors run the program wit the java
  command.
• Example
• Create a class Customer. Save in a file called
  customer.java
• Compile like so
• promptgtjavac customer.java
• And run like so
• promptgtjava customer

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Java IDEs

• IDEs (Integrated Development Environments) can
  widely available to speed up the process and
  provide increased support such as source code
  control, class browser, build-automation tools,
  and a debugger.
• Popular Professional Java IDEs include
• NetBeans (Sun)
• Eclipse (Eclipse Foundation)
• JBuilder (CodeGear)
• JDeveloper (Oracle)
• Teaching and Learning (Interactive) IDEs
• BlueJ (bluej.org)
• Dr Java (drjava.org)

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Dr Java
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Dr Java IDE

• DrJava (drjava.org) is a lightweight programming
  environment for Java designed specifically for
  beginners.
• DrJava supports the use of different Java
  compilers, such as the traditional javac compiler
  supplied with the JDK (versions 6, 5 or earlier).
• Dr Java has an interactions pane, where you can
  input Java expressions and statements and
  immediately see their results
• Dr Java has a definitions pane, where you can
  enter and edit class definitions with support for
  brace matching, syntax highlighting, and
  automatic indenting.

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Dr Java Features

• Features include
• Text editing with syntax highlighting, brace
  matching, line numbers,find and replace
• Buttons for compiling and running
• Interactive interpreter - an extension of free
  DynamicJava
• Integrated javadoc
• Integrated debugger
• Integrated JUnit
• Project facility
• Language level facility

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Eclipse IDE
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Java APIs

• http//java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/docs/api/

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Software-Engineering-in-the-Large

• A concise working definition of software
  engineering the methodology, techniques and
  tools related to the development and management
  of software from conception through requirements,
  design, implementation, deployment to the final
  retirement.
• Large scale software development
• Project involves a team of people need to
  manage process, people and artefacts
• System takes a long-time to build need to plan
• Systems Complex need powerful tools, methods
  and technologies
• Need to reuse code/designs/process

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Software Engineering Discipline

• Software Engineering is relatively new field of
  engineering
• The term software engineering was coined in 1967
  at a NATO study group. The first conference was
  held in Germany in 1968.
• it is commonly perceived that the quality of
  software is not acceptable
• buggy
• behind schedule
• not enough reuse
• Large-scale disasters attributed to software
  defects offer sober warnings
• The explosion of the Ariane 5 rocket
• Patriot missile failure during the Gulf War

Ariane 5
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The Software Development Lifecycle I

• A large software application can be seen as
  having the following development steps
• Requirements Analysis
• Customers and suppliers work together to identify
  actual problems for which a solution is sought.
  The feasibility of endeavour is determined.
• System Specification
• A broad systems specification of "What is to be
  done".
•  Design
• Produce a design specification for the new
  system. Alternative ways of satisfying the
  specification are explored. This is the "How".

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The Software Development Lifecycle II

• Implementation
• The chosen design is translated into executable
  programs. Here is where issues such as the
  choice of programming language are decided.
•  System Integration
• The completed system is assembled and checked to
  see if it meets initial requirements.
• Maintenance
• Manage the day-to-day support of system operation
  as well as provision of any future upgrades.
• Management of new releases
• Operations/Maintenance (patches, etc.)
• Retirement
• Product removed from service.

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UML

• The Unified Modeling Language (UML) is
  general-purpose specification language for object
  modeling. UML includes a graphical notation used
  to create an abstract model of a system.
• UML is controlled by the Object Management Group
  (OMG) and is the industry standard for
  graphically describing software.
• The current version of UML (2007) is Version
  2.1.1.
• UML is not a method by itself although it is
  compatible with the leading object-oriented
  software development methods.

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Example UML Class Diagram
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Computer Aided Software Engineering

• Computer tool to assist developers
• Modelling and documentation
• Sometimes can generate system implementation
• In the 1980s separate tools became prominent for
  analysis and design which entailed manual
  conversion of the output of one tool to provide
  the input of another. This lead to CASE tool
  integration.
• Many CASE tools simply act as repositories of
  models and documents. They do not assist in the
  creative part of modelling. Some CASE tools
  attempt to provide more assistance, ranging from
  simple prompts through to syntax/model checking.

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UML-supported CASE tools

• Commercial
• Rational/IBM XDE Java Edition and .NET Edition
• Borlands Together
• Telelogics System Architect 10
• Microsofts Enterprise Architect
• Ilogixs Rhapsody
• Gentlewares Poseidon for UML
• Free
• Tigris ArgoUML (Open Source)
• EclipseUML (Open Source)
• StarUML (Open Source)

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Example Together
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Example ArgoUML