By:Jeff Wilson, Andrew Pegg and Amanda Ritacco

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Dealing With Bullying

• ByJeff Wilson, Andrew Pegg and Amanda Ritacco

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What is Bullying?

• Bullying can be defined as an abuse of power by
  one or more people through repeated hurtful or
  aggressive behaviour with the intention to cause
  emotional or physical harm to a weaker person.

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Types of Bullying...

• Verbal Bullying Verbal Bullying is where the
  bully calls you names and makes threats etc...
• Mental Bullying Mental Bullying is where the
  bully use's abusive language towards you.
• Physical Bullying Physical Bullying is where the
  bully physically hurts you. This can include
  pushing, punching, and kicking etc...
• Social Bullying Gossiping, rumours, ignoring,
  not including people in a group
• Ethnoculturally-based bullyingany physical or
  verbal behaviour used to hurt another person
  because of his or her ethnicity (culture, colour
  or religion)
• Technological Bullying - Internet abuse, Putting
  pictures of people on the internet, using MSN or
  other chat rooms to threaten someone or talk
  about someone , Abusive text messages, sending
  nasty text messages and not knowing who they are
  from

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Types of Bullies
Aggressive bullies tend to be physically strong,
impulsive, hot-tempered, belligerent, fearless,
coercive, confident, and lacking in empathy for
their victims. They have an aggressive
personality and are motivated by power and the
desire to dominate others. They are also likely
to make negative attributions, often seeing
slights or hostility in those around them where
neither actually exists.

•   Passive bullies, tend to be insecure, have
  low-self esteem, few likable qualities, and
  unhappy home lives. Passive bullies also appear
  to have difficulties concentrating and focusing
  their attention at school, as well as violent
  outbursts or temper tantrums that lead to
  problems with their peers. Once a bullying
  incident begins, passive bullies become
  enthusiastic participants. In fact, passive
  bullies are very quick to align themselves with
  and display intense loyalty to the more powerful
  aggressive bullies.

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Definition of a Bystander

• This group includes everyone other than the
  bully and victim who is present during a
  bullying incident. 6 out of 10 American teenagers
  witness bullying in school one or more times each
  day. Student bystanders to bullying experience
  feelings of fear, discomfort, guilt, and
  helplessness.

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Basic Elements of Bullying

• Unequal power One child has more power than the
  other child (or at least it seems that way to the
  children involved)
• Hurtful actions Physically or psychologically
  harmful behaviour takes place (see table page 2)
• Direct and indirect actions The behaviour may be
  face-to-face or behind one's back
• Repetitive behaviour The hurtful actions keep
  happening so the child being hurt finds it more
  and more difficult to escape
• Teasing, rough housing or even play fighting are
  not considered bullying when both children are
  having fun.

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As a teacher...

• Listen and respond to all complaints from
  children and parents about bullying, even the
  seemingly trivial ones such as name-calling.
  Consistency matters!
• Be aware of the social interactions among the
  children in the group. Arrange groupings to
  separate children who tend to have negative
  interactions with others.
• Place children who tend to be left out of groups
  into one where they will be accepted. Try to
  avoid situations that will victimize at-risk
  children (e.g. picking teams or group partners).
• Consider how you treat others and how you allow
  others to treat you. As a role model, your
  actions and reactions can influence how children
  relate to each other.

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Strategies to Reduce Bullying Within Schools

• make adults aware of the situation and involve
  them
• make it clear that bullying is never acceptable
• hold a school conference day devoted to
  bully/victim problems
• increase adult supervision in the yard, halls and
  washrooms more vigilantly
• emphasize caring, respect and safety
• emphasize consequences of hurting others
• enforce consistent and immediate consequences for
  aggressive behaviours
• follow up on all instances of aggression
• improve communication among school
  administrators, teachers, parents and students
• have a school problem box where kids can report
  problems, concerns and offer suggestions
• teach cooperative learning activities
• help bullies with anger control and the
  development of empathy
• encourage positive peer relations
• offer a variety of extracurricular activities
  which appeal to a range of interests
• Physical - hitting, kicking, stealing or hiding
  belongings, sexual assault.
• Verbal-name calling, insults, offensive or sexual
  remarks, threatening language.

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Where Bullying Occurs in Schools
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Interesting Facts About Bullying
It happens a lot more than some people think -
Studies show that between 15-25 of U.S. students
are bullied with some frequency, while 15-20
report they bully others with some frequency
(Melton et al, 1988 Nansel et al, 2001). It
can mess up a kid's future. Young people who
bully are more likely than those who don't bully
to skip school and drop out of school. They are
also more likely to smoke, drink alcohol and get
into fights (Nansel et al, 2003 Olweus,
1993). It scares some people so much that they
skip school. As many as 160,000 students may stay
home on any given day because they're afraid of
being bullied (Pollack, 1998). It can lead to
huge problems later in life. Children who bully
are more likely to get into fights, vandalize
property, and drop out of school. And 60 of boys
who were bullies in middle school had at least
one criminal conviction by the age of 24 (Olweus,
1993). When other children intervene -- more
than half the time, the bullying will stop within
10 seconds! -- Hawkins, Pepler Craig, 2001
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Final Thoughts...

• Bullying is not a problem that children can solve
  themselves. It is a power struggle that is
  difficult to change without the help of an adult.
  In most cases, it will require only a few minutes
  to stop the behaviour, especially if you act
  immediately and in a consistent manner.
• If you are there when the bullying occurs, talk
  with the children who are being aggressive.
  Explain the hurt they are causing and have them
  make amends to those who were harmed. This can
  break the cycle.
• However, most bullying happens when you are not
  looking. When you are told about it, take it very
  seriously since children usually go to adults
  with these problems as a last resort.
• In a small number of cases, bullying behaviour is
  a chronic problem requiring the involvement of
  families and the assistance of a health
  professional.