VoIP Voice over Internet Protocol

1
VoIP -Voice over Internet Protocol

• COE 341 Self-Learning Assignment

By Ayman Al-Bassam 232101 Amar Farouk
Merah 237925
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Agenda for today

• Introduction
• Historical Background
• How Does VoIP work?
• Advantages of VoIP
• Implementation Challenges
• Security and Privacy
• Reliability of Service
• Delays and Jitters
• Emergency Calls Routing
• Integrations with Current Circuit Switched
  Networks
• Legal Issues
• Conclusion

3
Introduction

• VoIP revolutionary technology
• Its purpose analog audio to digital signals
  conversion
• Main Benefits cost-effective and portability

4
Historical Background

• Dates back as far as 1973
• Available for end-users in the 1990s
• Examples of the first VoIP services include
• Vocaltec Internet Phone Release 4 (1996)
• Level 3 (1997)
• Problems in Vocaltec resolved in Level 3

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How Does VoIP Work?

• Different than standard telephony systems
• Use of packet-switching instead of circuit
  switching
• Data split into packets and sent through many
  connections
• Packets contain destination address and a
  sequence number
• Packets are compressed and de-compressed through
  CODECs which have sampling algorithms.

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Overview of how a VoIP system works
Solar Concentrators and Stirling Engines
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How Does VoIP Work? (Contd)

• VoIP makes use of Media Gateways and Media
  Gateway Controllers
• Three different types of VoIP services
• Analog Telephone Adaptors
• IP Phones
• Computer-to-Computer
• Requirements
• Broadband Internet Connection (Cable, DSL, T1,
  T3, etc)
• VoIP box
• VoIP subscribers account
• Wi-fi enabled phone (if you want to make use of
  mobility)

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Advantages of VoIP

• Cost-effective and no geographical limits
• Mobility
• Use of existing networks
• Efficient utilization of bandwidth

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Implementation Challenges

• Like any emerging technology many challenges are
  faced.
• Some of which have been overcome and some are
  not.

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Security and Privacy

• Eavesdropping and packet interception.
• Continents could be altered.
• Compression makes it harder but not completely
  safe.
• SRTP ZRTP standards in PSTN and lack of
  standards in VoIP.
• Some implementations, Skype.
• Easy to implement because of IP networks.

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Reliability of service

• Depends on internet connection quality.
• Power outage.

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Delays and Jitters

• Packets and different routes !!
• Resulting jitter and delays in voice.
• Use of play-out buffers.
• Assigning priorities to packets.

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Emergency Calls Routing

• The difficulty of assigning IPs to geographical
  location.
• Dynamic IPs !!
• Registration process for some VoIP providers.

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Integration with current PSTN

• Numbers assigning system (E.164)
• Again hard to tie an IP to a specific locations.
• Some providers use the same E.164 standard
  (Skype).

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Legal issues

• PSTN companies operated by governments.
• Different laws in different places i.e. India,
  UAE and Europe.

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Conclusion

• Summing up
• VoIP is the future
• Has many advantages, but is not 100 reliable yet

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Thank you for your time

• QA
• Session

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References

• 1. How Does VoIP work?.
• lt http//www.voip-sol.com/how-does-voip-work/gt
• 2. How Does VoIP Work? 1-3 http//www.packetiz
  er.com/voip/papers/understanding_voip/how_voip_wor
  ks.html
• 3. Valdes, Robert. How VoIP works?
• lt http//communication.howstuffworks.com/ip-telep
  hony.htm/printable gt
• 4. Voice over Internet Protocol. Wikepedia.
• lt http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voice_over_IP gt
• 5. Schueneman, Thomas. The Advantages and
  Disadvantages of using VoIP
• lt http//ezinearticles.com/?The-Advantages-and-Dis
  advantages-of-Using-VoIPid147921gt