Tobacco Control 101

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Impact of Tobacco Use
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Impact of Tobacco Use

• the history of tobacco use can be thought of as
  the conflict between tobacco as an agent of
  economic gain and tobacco as an agent of human
  harm.
• ---2000 Surgeon Generals Report Reducing
  Tobacco Use

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Healthy Lung
Impact of Tobacco Use
Emphysema
Lung Cancer

Source The American Lung Association
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Impact of Tobacco Use

• Each year in the United States
• 435,000 people in US die of a smoking-attributable
  illness
• 3,000 nonsmokers die from lung cancer from
  secondhand smoke
• 6.4 million people currently under 18 will die
  prematurely from a tobacco-related disease, if
  current smoking patterns persist.

Source Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
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Impact of Tobacco Use
442,398 Deaths Each Year Attributable to
Smoking 1995-1999
Other cancers 30,976
Stroke 17,445
Lung cancer 124,813
Other diagnosis 104,757
Coronary heart disease 81,976
Chronic lung disease 82,431
Source Center for Disease Control and Prevention
- MMWR 200251(14)300-3
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Impact of Tobacco Use
Health Impact

• Causes
• Oral/Laryngeal/Esophageal Diseases
• Dermatologic Conditions
• Affects
• Bladder
• Reproductive Abilities Fetal Developmental
• Blood Sugar

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Secondhand Smoke
Impact of Tobacco Use
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Impact of Tobacco Use
Secondhand Smoke

• For every
• eight smokers
• the tobacco industry kills,
• it takes one nonsmoker with them.

Source Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention Fact sheet (2004)
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Impact of Tobacco Use
Secondhand Smoke

• Mainstream smoke
• Sidestream smoke
• Passive, involuntary, secondhand smoking
• Environmental tobacco smoke

Secondhand smoke affects both nonusers and users
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Impact of Tobacco Use
Secondhand Smoke

• Contains
• 4,000 chemicals
• over 50 known or probable human carcinogens
• Each year it causes
• 3,000 lung cancer deaths
• more than 35,000 coronary heart disease deaths
• 8,000 26,000 new cases of asthma in children

Source US Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention, Office on Smoking and Health, Fact
Sheet, February 2004
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Impact of Tobacco Use
Secondhand Smoke

• Listed as a known human carcinogen in 2000 by the
  National Institutes of Health

• 1991 90 of US had measurable cotinine levels
• 2001 60 of non-smokers had measurable cotinine
  levels
• 75 decrease in the median cotinine level

Source Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention Fact sheet (2004)
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Impact of Tobacco Use
Secondhand Smoke

• How dangerous is it?

children die each year
280
SIDS deaths
1,900
injuries fires started by cigarette smoke
300
illnesses in children
Over 1 million
Source Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids
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Impact of Tobacco Use
Secondhand Smoke

• Dana Reeve mother, singer, actress, activist,
  nonsmoker, victim of lung cancer.
• Lung Cancer in nonsmokers
• 11,000 deaths in women each year
• 5,500 deaths in men

Dana Reeve
Only 39 of Americans are covered by smokefree
workplace policies.
Sources American Cancer Society, Atlanta Journal
Constitution Photo Jennifer Graylock,
Associated Press
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Impact of Tobacco Use
Secondhand Smoke

• Restaurant and bar workers have 3 to 6 times more
  exposure to secondhand smoke than other workers
• Waitresses have the highest death rate of any
  female occupational group.
• How many times higher?

Source DR Shopland, KK Gerlach, DM Burns, AM
Hartman, J. Journal of Occupational
Environmental Medicine.
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• My name is Heather Crowe and
  Im a waitress.
• I am dying of lung cancer caused by second-hand
  smoke.

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Impact of Tobacco Use
Economics
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Impact of Tobacco Use
Economics

• 94 billion (healthcare)
• 93 billion (lost productivity)
• 187 billion

Cost to the nation each year for smoking and
smoking-related illness
Source Campaign for Tobacco Free Kids - Toll of
Tobacco in the United States of America (2005)
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Impact of Tobacco Use
Economics

• Tax burden for government spending caused by
  smoking
• 64.6 million or 596 per household
• Smoking caused costs
• (health care lost productivity)
• per pack of cigarettes sold in the US 9.42

Source Campaign for Tobacco Free Kids - Toll of
Tobacco in the United States of America (2005)
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Impact of Tobacco Use
Tell Us About It
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Impact of Tobacco Use
The Tobacco Industry
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• Benson Hedges Fax
• Assessing users of mild and light cigarettes
• Indicating a need for lights variant to
  attract health conscious smokers.

Source University of California San Francisco
Library
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Impact of Tobacco Use
Tobacco Industry Response
Source Campaign for Tobacco Free Kids Ad Gallery
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Impact of Tobacco Use
Tobacco Industry Response

• We have evidence of virtually no quitting
• among smokers of these brands, and there are
• indications that the advent of ultra low tar
  cigarettes
• has actually retained some potential smokers in
  the
• cigarette market by offering them a viable
• alternative.

- 1978 Imperial Tobacco document
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Impact of Tobacco Use
Tobacco Industry Response
Mint-flavored lozenge containing Star-cure
tobacco, nicotine, and other substances
Smokeless, spitless mint flavored tobacco
sachet.
Bottled water with added nicotine.
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Impact of Tobacco Use
Tobacco Industry Response

• Total prohibition of smoking in the workplace
  strongly affects industry volume. Smokers facing
  these restrictions consume 11 -15 less than
  average and quit at a rate that is 84 higher
  than average.
• three to five fewer cigarettes per day per
  smoker will reduce annual manufacturer
  profits a billion dollars plus
  per year

-Philip Morris document
-Philip Morris document