Personal Perspectives on Wireless Technology Dewayne Hendricks Dandin Group

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Personal Perspectives on Wireless
TechnologyDewayne HendricksDandin Group
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Agenda

• Regulatory Precursors
• Kingdom of Tonga Project
• AN-MSI Project
• Questions

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Kennard Statement (4/00)

• All of the new technologies -- mobile phones,
  faxed, wireless computers -- are consuming
  spectrum faster than we can make it available,
  and we are in danger of a spectrum drought. We
  need to find spectrum to build the web of
  wireless applications that will continue to fuel
  our economic growth. The demand for spectrum is
  simply outstripping supply.

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Kennard Proposals

• Establish as a goal that spectrum become like any
  other commodity that flows fluidly in the
  marketplace.
• Look to technology to provide better spectrum
  management tools, for example, ultrawideband and
  software-define radios.
• Promote greater spectrum efficiency

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Regulatory Precursors

• SS NOI in 81
• Introduced notion of wideband technologies (aka
  spread spectrum)
• Introduced spectrum overlay as part of spectrum
  management toolkit
• NPRM in 84
• RO in 85

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Bands

• 902-928 MHz
• 2400-2483.5 MHz
• 5.15-5.25 GHz, 5.25-5.35 GHz, 5.725-5.875 GHz
  (U-NII)
• 5.725-5.85 GHz (SS)

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Cast of Characters

• Various Government Use
• Part 18 (ISM)
• Location Services (900 MHz)
• Amateur Radio Service (ARS)
• Part 15 (various devices)

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Unlicensed Radio History

• FCC Part 15 in 1985
• WLAN products
• WMAN products
• Data-PCS at 1.9 GHz in 94
• Data-PCS at 2.9 GHz in 96
• U-NII Band in 97

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Press picks up on the problem NYT Story

• Preparing for a Collision of Wireless
  ServicesApril 27, 2000If wireless networks
  proliferate as fast as many researchers predict,
  is itpossible for the airwaves to become
  overloaded? Cell phones and somehandheld
  organizers transmit and receive scores of
  messages a day. Withlaptop computers and other
  devices added to the mix, will there eventuallybe
  one big wireless traffic jam?

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ZDNET Story

• Appeared on 6/15
• Generated companion thread on Slashdot
• Demonstrates the inside problem
• Tested 802.11b LAN, Cordless Phone, Video
  Redistribution Device
• Data devices stopped working

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ARS Scenario(1)

• ARS is Amateur Radio Service, FCC Part 97
• ARS has allocations in all of the Part 15 bands
• ARS is a licensed service and has higher priority
  access then Part 15
• In some cases, ARS has primary access to parts of
  the bands

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ARS Scenario (2)

• ARS can use power levels up to 1.5 KW for most
  emission modes
• ARS can use up to 100 W for spread spectrum (SS)
  with automatic power control
• Very little use of SS today. Rules were changed
  last October to allow liberal use of SS.
• Most used modes are FM repeaters and TV

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ARS Scenario (3)

• Repeater in SF Bay area operating since 96 has
  seen raising noise floor over the last several
  years
• This year the level has finally effected the base
  station operation
• Problem mostly caused by outside high EIRP Part
  15 operations
• Solved for the time being by moving to low part
  of band

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RF Lighting Scenario

• Part 18 ISM devices
• Operates in 2400-2500 MHz ISM Band
• Centered on 2450 MHz
• Very high power levels in-band
• Rulemaking pending, ET 98-42
• Part 15 interests want Commission to limit
  emission levels

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Results of Fact Gathering (1)

• Press picks up on the problem
• Blood in the water
• Over 400 regional and local ISPs using Part 15
  for last mile bypass
• Confusion inside the Commission as to exact role
  of Part 15
• Consumer is confused about how Part 15 works

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Results of Fact Gathering (2)

• Industry is in denial about the overall problem
• More devices to be deployed on 2.4 GHz then
  anyone imagines
• 1 Billion Bluetooth devices by 2005

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New Problems

• Internet Appliances
• UWB More Bandwidth!!!
• Spectrum Overlay required
• Smart Radios
• Software Defined Radios
• Convergence
• Mobility vs Fixed

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Regulatory Recap

• Regulatory issues are the biggest problem in the
  way of a paradigm shift for wireless!
• More technology available than we know what to do
  with!
• Need to find a place where wireless regulatory
  issues are absent!!

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Next Step - Regulatory Activism?

• Requirement for more bandwidth
• Need to deploy real wideband technologies
• Establish Bay Area Testbed
• Find country for next testbed

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SF Bay Testbed Details

• Started in Fall 96
• Covered 35 mi area in south bay
• Delivered from ISDN to 30 Mbps bandwidth
• Used both licensed and unlicensed equipment
  (Parts 15 and 97)

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SF Bay Testbed
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Kingdom of Tonga Project

• Island group in the South Pacific
• About 171 islands, 70 inhabited
• 100K people in Tonga, about the same number
  outside Tonga
• Agricultural exports main source of income
• One of the last true monarchies

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Kingdom of Tonga
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Islands of Tonga
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Tongatapu
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The Task

• Business project of the Crown Prince - T 20M
• Move country from wired to totally wireless
  infrastructure
• Two Phases
• International (provide telephony and Internet
  access)
• Domestic (provide multiple services w/IP)
• No wireless regulatory issues!

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Basic Statistics

• 11,000 Households
• 6500 phone customers
• 8 yr. waiting list to get a phone
• Cable Wireless handles international
• Tonga Telecom handles domestic

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New Services

• Wireless Multiservices IP Network
• Scalable, fully meshed network
• Use of wideband wireless devices
• Spread Spectrum and Ultra-Wideband
• Software-Defined Radios (SDR)
• Support for new Internet appliances
• New PDAs (such as Palm Pilot)
• Sonys Playstation II
• Goal of CPE cost of about 450

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Services to be offered

• VoIP for telephony
• Internet data
• Video (two MPEG-2 streams/home)
• Deliver 30 Mbps symmetric to each home
• Wireless Mobility

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Tonga Network Details

• Three level hierarchy
• Mesh routing at each level
• Every device in network routes
• Residential Gateway unit at each home
• Provides support for mobility
• Gateway for multimedia services

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Kingdom of Tonga
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AN-MSI Project

• 6M NSF and EDUCAUSE 4 yr effort
• Deploy pilot projects in Tribal Lands w/AIHEC
• Use similar architecture and technologies as in
  Tonga
• Adapt to US regulatory environment (Tribal
  Sovereignty)
• Innovative use of terrestrial wireless for
  low-cost solution

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Next Steps

• Continue to build network in Tonga (Existence
  Proof)
• Continue to deploy in US in tribal and
  underserved areas
• Find other regulatory havens
• Continue to push the wireless technology forward
  through open systems approach

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Questions?