Computer, Internet, Web, and EMail Basics

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Chapter 1

• Computer, Internet, Web, and E-Mail Basics

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Section A

• Computer Basics

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What is a computer?

• Computer system
• Computer
• Peripheral Devices
• Software
• Input
• Output
• Soft Copy
• Hard Copy

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What is a computer?

• Data
• Information
• Processing
• Central Processing Unit (CPU)
• Storing Data
• Memory
• Storage
• Stored Program

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What is a computer?
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Computer Categories

• Older terminology
• Microcomputers
• Minicomputers
• Mainframe Computers
• Modern terminology
• Function
• Performance
• Cost

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Personal Computer

• Microcomputer targeted for an individual user
• Desktop computers
• Notebook computers
• Typical cost range 200 - 2,000
• Tablet computers
• Prices start from 1,200

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Handheld Computer

• PDA (Personal Data Assistant)
• Email
• GPS
• Cell phone capabilities
• Software applications
• Price range about 50 to 1,000

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Workstations

• Two meanings
• Computer type
• Powerful desktop computers
• Personal computers
• Computer Network
• Videogame Consoles

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Mainframe

• Large and expensive
• Share data with hundreds of thousands of users
• Used by governments and large corporations

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Supercomputer

• One of the fastest computers in the world
• Breaking codes
• Animation
• Simulations

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Computer Network

• Server
• Provides network with data
• Client
• Requests data from the server
• Any computer can be a server or a client

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Personal Computer System

• System Unit
• Display Device
• Keyboard
• Mouse
• Hard Disk Drive
• CD and DVD Drives

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Personal Computer System

• Floppy disk drive?
• Sound card and speakers
• Modem and network cards

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Peripheral Device

• Equipment to add functionality
• Printer
• Digital camera
• Scanner
• Joystick
• Graphics tablet

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Terminology
What the computer sees

• Data
• Information
• Digital
• Bit
• Byte

0110 0001
What we see
a
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Terminology

• File
• Data
• Executable
• Filename extension
• EXE
• TXT
• DOC

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Application Software

• Targeted for a user to complete a task
• Word Processing
• Spreadsheets
• Games

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System Software

• Written for the computer
• Operating systems
• Windows
• Palm OS
• Windows Mobile
• Mac OS
• Linux/UNIX

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Compatibility

• Platform
• PCs
• Macs

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Section B

• Internet Basics

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How the Internet works

• Internet
• Internet backbone
• TCP/IP

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Internet resources

• Web Sites
• Search engines
• Downloads and uploads
• P2P (Peer to Peer)
• E-mail

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Internet resources

• Bulletin boards
• Blogs
• Chat groups/Instant messaging
• Internet telephony
• E-commerce
• Broadcasting
• Remote access and control

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Internet Connections

• Telephone line
• Cable line
• Satellite link
• Wireless/cellular service
• High-Speed telephone
• ISDN, DSL

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Dial-up connection

• Voiceband modem
• Top speed of 56kbps
• Low cost

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Cable Connection

• Network Card
• Cable Modem
• always-on connection
• Around 1.5mbps

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Other high-speed connections

• ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network)
• 64kbps or 128Kbps
• DSL (Digital Subscriber Line)
• 112Kbps 7.5Mbps
• DSS (Digital Satellite Service)
• 500kbps

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ISP

• Internet Service Provider
• Choosing an ISP
• Cost
• Type of service
• Geographical coverage
• Extra services

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Security

• User ID
• Password
• Case-sensitive

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Choosing a secure password
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Section C

• Web Basics

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The World Wide Web

• The Web is a collection of files that can be
  linked and accessed using HTTP
• HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) - the protocol
  that allows Web browsers to communicate with Web
  servers
• Many of these files produce documents called Web
  pages
• Web site - location on a computer somewhere on
  the Internet that stores a collection of Web pages

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The World Wide Web

• Web server
• http (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)
• Home Page
• Web Pages
• HTML (Hypertext Markup Language)

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URL

• Universal Resource Locator

http//ecc.pima.edu/mwiller/index.html
Webprotocolstandard
Web server name
Foldername
Document nameand filenameextension
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Web Browser

• Fetches and displays Web pages
• The server sends data to your computer
• HTML tags
• Search engine
• Topic directory

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Section D

• E-Mail Basics

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E-Mail

• E-Mail account
• mailbox
• store and forward
• Unique address
• mark.willer_at_pima.edu
• Message includes
• Message header
• Message body

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E-Mail

• Forwarding
• Attachments
• MIME

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Is e-mail different than other types of
communication?

• Netiquette is online jargon for Internet
  etiquette
• Series of customs or guidelines for maintaining
  civilized and effective communications on-line

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What is all this junk in my mailbox?

• Spam is unwanted electronic junk mail that
  arrives in your online mailbox
• Globally, spam accounts for about 75 of all
  e-mail messages

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E-mail Technology What is an e-mail system?

• The equipment and software that carries and
  manipulates e-mail messages
• E-mail servers sort, store, and route email
• Store-and-forward technology a communications
  method in which data that cannot be sent directly
  to its destination will be temporarily stored
  until transmission is possible
• POP
• IMAP
• Web-based e-mail

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How do POP and IMAP work?

• Your ISP will offer POP or IMAP
• POP server a computer that stores your incoming
  messages until they can be transferred to your
  hard disk
• Using POP requires e-mail client software
• Outgoing mail is routed by an SMTP server

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How do POP and SMTP work?
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Is POP mail better than Web-based e-mail?

• Requires e-mail client software
• Transfers e-mail to your computer
• Consider the following when deciding
• Control
• Security
• Travel

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