Opportunities and Challenges: Implementing Data Citation Standards

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Opportunities and ChallengesImplementing Data
Citation Standards

• Jeri Schneider, ICPSR
• IASSIST 2006 Conference
• Ann Arbor, MI
• May 26, 2006

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Overview

• ICPSRs Bibliography of Data-Related
  Literatureaccomplishments, obstacles
• Future citation landscape
• How do we get there from here?
• Unresolved issues

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ICPSRsBibliography of Data-Related Literature

• 39,000 citations to over 4,000 studies
• 2,000 journals, 23,000 journal articles
• Access bibliography for study
• Search for study ? Select Related Literature
  tab at top of study description
• http//www.icpsr.umich.edu/access/index.html

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Current Citation Landscape
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Future Citation Landscape

• Data Citation IndexAssociation of Ideas
• Data Mining
• http//www.touchgraph.com
• Subject searches, associations
• How do we get there from here?

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Develop Citation Standard/Guidelines (IASSIST)
Establish Official Standard (e.g. ISO)
Develop Culture of Citing Data
Develop Technology Infrastructure
Develop New Tools Based on Data Citations
Dynamic Links from e-Publications to Data
Automated Data Citations Index/Bibliographies
Graphical Web of Data/Publications Associations
Unresolved Issues
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Step 1 Develop Citation Standard/Guidelines
(IASSIST)

• Agree on necessary citation elements
• Develop and publish recommendation

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Establish Official Standard

• ISO, etc.

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Develop Culture of Citing Data

• P.I.sarchive/distribute data, titles
• Authorsproper citation (when, how, where to
  cite)
• Publishers/Editorsenforce
• Citation manualsAPA, MLA, Chicago
• Libraries
• WHO ELSE???
• Ego factor
• Practice of citing data will grow exponentially
  as benefits are realized

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Develop Technology Infrastructure

• Archivesunique identifiers/keys, versions
• Citation softwareEndNote, ProCite, etc.
• Publishers editorsdevelop/adopt their own
  formats based on standard
• Digital content providersdevelop links,
  integrate with current products, create new
  products (web/association of ideas)
• OTHERS?

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Automated Data Citations Index/Bibliographies

• Machine-readable citations will enable the
  development of mechanisms to automatically
  collect citations into an index, for rapid
  creation of study bibliographies and other
  associated lists

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Unresolved Issues

• What constitutes data use that warrants
  citation?
• What if there are multiple versions of data
  available, and/or same data from multiple
  sources?
• How do we identify data citation as data?
• WHAT ELSE???

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What constitutes data use?

• Data are central to argument
• Data are used to generate one table (or 20
  tables?)
• Data are used as comparison to central data used
• Data collection/methodology are described or
  critiqued
• What else???

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Multiple versions, multiple sources?

• Can we design citations and/or technology
  infrastructure so that users can effectively
  perform multiple tasks
• Link to original data used, from original source
  (or from alternate source)
• AND
• Link to the same studies from multiple sources
• AND
• Link to various versions of data from same study

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How to identify data citation as data?

• Can we agree on terminology, or set of terms,
  that both users and machines will understand?

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Interested Parties

• Principal investigators
• Release/archive data
• Title
• Versions
• Archives
• Release
• Versions
• Standard number/key identifier
• Authorswhen, how, where to cite?
• Publishers/Editorsprint and digitalenforcers?
• Electronic content providerslinks, enforcers?
• Integrate with current products, create new
  products (web/association of ideas)
• Citation software developersEndNote, ProCite,
  RefWorks, etc.
• Who else???

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Next Steps

• Share citation guidelinesfind commonalities,
  differences
• Hold meeting to resolve differences
• Publish IASSIST guide
• Divide tasksmake contacts, publish, present
  (develop culture, infrastructure)

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See also

• Dodd, Sue. (1979) Bibliographic references for
  numeric social science data files Suggested
  guidelines. Journal of the American Society for
  Information Science, 30 (2), 77-82.
• Dodd, Sue. (1990) Bibliographic References for
  Computer Files in the Social Science A
  Discussion Paper. Chapel Hill, NC Institute for
  Research in Social Science, University of North
  Carolina. http//www.people.virginia.edu/pm9k/inf
  o/compRef.html
• Schneider, Jeri. (2006) Why we need a data
  citation standard Lessons learned from compiling
  ICPSRs Bibliography of Data-Related Literature.
  ICPSR Bulletin, 26 (2), 9-12. http//www.icpsr.umi
  ch.edu/org/publications/bulletin/spr06.pdf
• Contact Jeri Schneider, ICPSR - jeris_at_umich.edu