Kaja Deric, Nea Kejar, Tamara Petrovic 2.d

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Kaja Deric, Nea Kejar, Tamara Petrovic 2.d
Middle class family in the 19th century
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MIDDLE CLASS SOCIETY

• Between 1815 and1848 the middle class became the
  culture owner.
• Because of the hard censorship they removed into
  privacy.
• Life was going around in family.
• A wedding of a middle-class couple

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• Usual townsman
• The main guidance of the middle class life was
  sense, economy and order.
• They put personal succes, work and social
  reputation in front.
• They had the same interests in the culture and in
  the politics.

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A MIDDLE CLASS FAMILY

• A middle class formed so called family core
  (husband, wife and children) in the 19th century.
• Work and family life was strictly separated.
• Relationships in families started to change.
• Already in first half of 19th century children
  started to call their parents by their name,
  which wasn't habit before.
• Middle class family

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• Joef Petkovek (National Gallery, Ljubljana)
• They spent whole free time and holidays togehter.
• Wife and children stayed at home.
• Raising children became parents responsibillity.

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• Families that didnt have a lot of money couldnt
  afford their own servant or cook, so wives had to
  do everything by themselves.
• Families where mother and even children had too
  work had the hardest and the poorest life.
• Working class family

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FATHER

• A father was a head of the family, he cared for
  money flow. His day usually included work and
  hobbies (playing instrumensts, reading, etc.).
• He didnt work at home but in an office in the
  town. Home was only for family and visitors.
• Men at the work

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• 
  Middle-classed father
• Father was a head of a family and everyone has
  to obey him, even his wife. He was a protector
  and a family judge.
• He was the one who chose the punishment for a
  child and he did it by himself.
  

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MOTHER

• A mother was a wife and a housewife. She usually
  cleaned the apartement and took care of children.
• Cooks helped her at cooking and house teachers
  helped her at teaching children.
• It was good that a wife came from a rich family
  and that she brought a lot of money.
• Middle-classed couple

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CHILDREN

• Children had to go to school and in the
  afternoons they played or helped their mothers.
• Some children didnt go to school so they had
  private tuition at home.
• A girl and a boy from rich family

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• Middle-classed family
• Children had to obey their fathers rules.
• They were independent when they grew boys went
  to a collage or found a job, girls got married.

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SERVANTS

• Servants were only in rich families.
• They had to do more difficult houseworks but they
  were not well paid.
• Servants werent allowed to live a typical
  middle-classed life.
• They lived in very bad circumstances (small, wet
  and dark rooms).

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EDUCATION

• People from middle class wanted to raise their
  children to be diligent and active.
• Parents and teachers brought up their children
  with threats and punishments and they often used
  a stick.
• Middle class school

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BOYS

• From the minute they were born, the boys were
  raised for the hard working life.
• Only the talented kids from middle class were
  able to go to secondary school or a universe
  (after they have finished primary school).
• Boys that finshed secondary school and
  universities had a bigger chance to get a well
  paid job and good reputation.

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Girls

• The girls were being prepared for their
  housekeeping chores.
• Their life vocation was to become good mothers
  and good housewives so besides going to school
  they had to learn all about cooking, stitching
  and housekeeping.
• Pupils in school-mostly boys

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• A group of Slovene pupils
• Some girls had to know famous writers and they
  had to play the piano.
• A very small number of girls continiued their
  schooling after a finished primary school.

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SCHOOLING

• In the last few decades of the 19th century
  school became obligatory.
• Those parents who didnt send their children to
  school were punished.
• In school pupils had to learn how to write, read,
  calculate, sing ...
• They also had subjects like geography, biology,
  religion, gymnastics.
• Pupils in school

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• At the end of the 19th century there were more
  and more schools in Slovene language. At the
  beginning there were mostly German and Italian
  schools.
• In Grammar schools lessons were in German.
• Teachers punished the pupils with a stick or a
  brich.
• There was also a lot of psychical violence like
  threats, disregard, public insulting.

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TIMETABLE FOR FANNY MATTUS

• MONDAY
• From 8-9 Pianno lesson. Practicing new
  songs.
• From 9-12 Needlework
• From 12-1 Reading old books, as history,
  geography, german
• From 1-2.30 Rest and lunch.
• From 2.30-5 Needlework
• From 5-6 Pianno lesson at Mr. Thomas.
• From 6-7 Calligraphy lesson.
• .

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• Tuesday
• From 8-9 Practicing new pianno
  compositions.
• From 9-10 Needlework.
• From 10-12 Fundamental lessons.
• From 12-1 Reading old books, ashistory,
  geography, german.
• From 1-2.30 Rest and lunch.
• From 2.30-5 Needlework.
• From 5-6 Practicing old pianno
  compositions.
• From 6-7 Calligraphy lesson.
• Wednesday
• Same as on Monday
• From 5-6 Practicing new pianno compositions.
• Thursday, Friday and Saturday the timetable is
  the same as in the first three days.

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MIDDLE CLASS APARTMENT

• The apartments were comfortable eventhough some
  of the rooms were cramed with furniture. Walls in
  the better rooms were decorated with bright
  wallpapers that had flower pattern. Arm chairs,
  soft-seated chairs and sofas were also decorated.
  
• The typical style for the middle class apartments
  was bidermayer. A lot of familys
  had a big number of family portrets on the wals.
• Typical bidermayer room

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• Porcelain and artifical things were often used as
  decoraton in wealthier middle class families
• In the rooms there were drawers, tea tables,
  chest of drawers and often a piano in the corner.
  
• The wealthier the family was the bigger was the
  apartment.

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MIDDLE CLASS FASHION IN 19.CENTURY

• Women began to use a corset, because the waist
  was really important.
• Old-fashion skirts were very wide.
• It was bindnig to wear fashion accessories
  gloves, bonnets and walking sticks.
• Men usually wore waistcoats or coats tight to
  their bodys. They sometimes also wore silk hats.
• Women hairstyle were artifical and men had
  moustache.
• The woman corset

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Sources and literature

• CVIRN, Janez in HRIBEREK, B. Elizabeta in
  STUDEN, Andrej. (2000). Novi vek zgodovina za 8.
  razred devetletke. Prva izdaja. Ljubljana DZS
• VANUT, Maja in VODOPIVEC, Peter. (1995). Vzpon
  mecanstva zgodovina za 7. razred osnovne ole.
  Ljubljana Zaloba MN
• PUHAR, Alenka. (2004). Prvotno besedilo
  ivljenja oris zgodovine otrotva na Slovenskem
  v 19. stoletju. Ljubljana Studia humanitatis
• CVIRN, Janez in STUDEN, Andrej. (2004).
  Zgodovina 3. Ljubljana DZS

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• Image material
• http//www.kvarkadabra.net/index.html?/zgodovina/t
  eksti/boltzmann.htm
• http//sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/MatevC5BE_Langus