MEASUREMENT

1
MEASUREMENT
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In the U S A the system of weights and measured
first adopted was that of the English, though a
few differences came in when decisions were made
at the time of standardization in 1836. For
instance, the wine-gallon of 231 cubic inches was
used instead of the English one (as defined in
1824) of about 277 cubic inches. The U S A also
took as their standard of dry measure the old
Winchester bushel of 2150.42 cubic inches, which
gave a dry gallon of nearly 269 cubic inches.
Even as late as the middle of the 20th century
there were some differences in UK and US
measures which were nominally the same. The UK
inch measured 2.53998 cm while the US inch was
2.540005 cm. Both were standardized at 2.54 cm
in July 1959, though the U S continued to use
'their' value for several years in land
surveying work - this too is slowly
being metricated.
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LENGTH
4 inches 1 hand 1.98 hands 1 link 1.5151 links
1 foot 3 feet 1 yard 2yards 1 fathom 2.75
fathoms 1 rod, pole, or perch 4 rods 1 chain 10
chains 1 furlong 1.0909 furlongs 1 cables
length 7.333 cables lengths 1 mile 1.1508 1
international nautical mile
Make the following conversions 1 yard ____
links 1 fathom ____ poles 1 international
nautical mile ____ furlongs 1 mile ____ inches
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AREA
144 square inches 1 square foot (ft2) 9 square
feet 1 square yard (yd2) 272 1/4 square feet 1
square rod 9 (sq rd) 160 square rods 1 acre 640
acres 1 square mile (mi2) 1 mile square 1
section of land 36 sections 1 township
1 square yard ____ square inches 1 township
____ acres How many square feet is the Pekin
township?
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DRY VOLUME
33.6003 cubic inches 1 pint (pt) 2 pints 1
quart 8 quarts 1 peck 3.2143 pecks 1 cubic foot
(ft3) 1.2444 cubic feet 1 bushel (bu) 21.6972
bushels 1 cubic yard 9 (yd3)
1 quart ____ cubic inches 32 pints ____ cubic
feet 1 bushel ____ quarts
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LIQUID VOLUME
20 minims (min) 1 fluid scruple 3 scruples 1
fluid dram (fl dr) 1 1/3 fluid drams 1
teaspoon 3 teaspoons 1 tablespoon 2 tablespoons
1 fluid ounce (fl oz) 4 fluid ounces 1 gill 4
gills 1 pint 2 pints 1 quart 4 quarts 1
gallon 2 gallons 1 peck 4 pecks 1 bushel 8
bushels 1 quarter
1 gill ____ scruples 80
tablespoons ____ pints 500 minims ____
tablespoons 1 bushel ____
gills
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MASS
20 grains 1 scruple 1.2 scruples 1
pennyweight 1.393 pennyweights 1 dram 16 drams
1 ounce (oz) 1.0971 ounces 1 ounce troy (oz
t) 12 ounces troy 1 pound troy (lb t) 1.2153
pounds troy 1 pound (lb) 100 pounds 1
hundredweight 1.12 hundredweight's 1 long
hundredweight 17.8571 long hundredweight's 1
ton 1.24 ton 1 long ton
40 grains ____ drams 1 pound ____ ounces
troy 2000 pounds ____ ton(s) 1 ounce ____
pennyweights
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SI THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM OF UNITS
Le Systeme international dUnites was adopted by
nearly every country in the world in October
1960. It is based upon 7 fundamental units. We
will look at 3 of them, 2 of which are metric
units. They are the meter (the distance light
travels, in a vacuum, in 1/299792458 of a
second), the kilogram (the mass of an
international prototype in the form of a
platinum-iridium cylinder kept at Sevres in
France), and the Kelvin (1/273.16 of the
thermodynamic temperature of the triple point of
water).
Here are some common prefixes used in the
metric system. ?????
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Units of length 10 millimeters (mm) 1
centimeter (cm) 10 centimeters 1 decimeter
(dm) 10 decimeters 1 meter (m) 10 meters 1
dekameter (dam) 10 dekameters 1 hectometer
(hm) 10 hectometers 1 kilometer (km)
46 hm ____ cm 11 m ____ km 1 m 2 ____ cm 2
Units of area 100 square millimeters (mm 2 ) 1
square centimeter (cm 2 ) 100 square centimeters
1 square decimeter (dm 2 ) 100 square
decimeters 1 square meter (m 2 ) 100 square
meters 1 square dekameter ( dam 2 ) 100 square
dekameters 1 square hectometer ( hm 2 ) 100
square hectometers 1 square kilometer ( km 2 )
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Units of liquid volume 10 milliliters ( mL ) 1
centiliter ( cL ) 10 centiliters 1 deciliters (
dL ) 10 deciliters 1 liter ( L ) 10 liters 1
dekaliter ( daL ) 10 dekaliters 1 hectoliter (
hL ) 10 hectoliters 1 kiloliter ( kL )
CONVERT 30 mL ____ L 1400 mg ____ g 3m 3
____ mm 3
Units of dry volume 1000 cubic millimeters ( mm 3
) 1 cubic centimeter ( cm 3 ) 1000 cubic
centimeters 1 cubic decimeter ( dm 3 ) 1000
cubic decimeters 1 cubic meter ( m 3 )
Units of mass 10 milligrams ( mg ) 1 centigram
( cg ) 10 centigrams 1 decigram ( dg ) 10
decigrams 1 gram ( g ) 10 grams 1 dekagram (
dag ) 10 dekagrams 1 hectogram ( hg ) 10
hectograms 1 kilogram ( kg ) 1000 kilograms 1
megagram ( Mg ) or metric ton
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TEMPERATURE
32 degrees Fahrenheit is the freezing point of
water at sea level 212 degrees Fahrenheit is
boiling point of water at sea level 0 degrees
Celsius is the freezing point of water 1oo
degrees Celsius is the boiling point of
water 273 Kelvin is the freezing point of
water 373 Kelvin is the boiling point of water
86 degrees F ____ degrees C
29 degrees Celsius ____ Kelvin
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TIME
60 seconds 1 minute 60 minutes 1 hour 24 hours
1 day 28, 29, 30, or 31 days 1 month 12 months
1 year 10 years 1 decade 10 decades 1
century 10 centuries 1 millennium
How many seconds in a year?
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YOUR
MISSION
First Answer a couple of questions! Which
measurement system do you think is more
reliable? Justify your answer! What are some
reasons for the international community of
scientists development of SI? SecondCreate your
own units of measurement for length and mass!
Provide a standard you would base the
measurements on. Name the unit! Show at least
five examples of how you would use the
measurements in everyday life.
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GOALS AND OBJECTIVES
STATE GOAL 11 Understand the processes of
scientific inquiry and technological design to
investigate questions, conduct experiments and
solve problems.
STATE GOAL 13 Understand the relationships
among science, technology and society in
historical and contemporary contexts.
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