Review

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Review
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You have isolated protein X, which you believe is
a new isotype of human immunoglobulin.

• You prepare rabbit antisera to whole human IgG,
  human k chain, and human g chain. Assuming
  protein X is in fact, a new immunoglobulin
  isotype, to which of the antisera would it bind?
  Why?

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You have isolated protein X, which you believe is
a new isotype of human immunoglobulin.

• Devise an experimental procedure for preparing an
  anitserum that is specific for protein X

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Question 2

• According to the clonal selection theory, all the
  immunoglobulin molecules on a single B cell have
  the same antigenic specificity. Explain why the
  presence of both IgM and IgD on the same B cell
  does not violate the unispecificity implied by
  clonal selection.

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Question 3

• IgG, which contains g heavy chains,developed much
  more recently during evolution than IgM, which
  contains m heavy chains. Describe two advantages
  and two disadvantages that IgG has in comparison
  with IgM.

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Question 4

• Explain why a VH segment cannot join directly
  with a JH segment in heavy-chain gene
  rearrangement.

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Question 5

• Considering only combinatorial joining of gene
  segments and association of light and heavy
  chains, how many different antibody molecules
  potentially could be generated from germ-line DNA
  containing 500 VL and 4 JL gene segments and 300
  VH, 15 DH, and 4 JH gene segments?

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Question 6

• What mechanisms generate the three hpervariable
  regions (complementarity determining regions) of
  immunoglobulin heavy and light chains? Why is
  the third hypervariable region (CDR3) more
  variable than the other two (CDR and CDR2)

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Since CDR3 makes a major contribution to Ag
binding by the Ab molecule, amino acid changes
generated by junctional flexibility can make a
major contribution to Ab diversity.
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7. You have generated a congenic A.B mouse strain
that has been selected for its MHC haplotype.
The haplotype of strain A was a/a and of strain B
was b/b.

• Which strain provides the genetic background of
  this mouse?
• Which strain provides the haplotype of the MHC of
  this mouse?

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You have generated a congenic A.B mouse strain
that has been selected for its MHC haplotype.
The haplotype of strain A was a/a and of strain B
was b/b.

• To produce this congenic strain, the F1 progeny
  are always backcrossed to which strain?
• Why was backcrossing ot one of the parents
  performed?
• Why was interbreeding of the F1 and F2 progeny
  performed?
• Why was section necessary and what kind of
  selection was performed ?

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Question 8

• You cross a BALB /c mouse (H-2d)mouse with a CBA
  (H-2k) mouse. What MHC molecules will the F1
  progeny express on its liver cells and its
  macrophages?

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Question 9

• When does a B-cell becomes immunocompetent?
• A. Following productive rearrangement of variable
  region heavy-chain gene segments in germ line DNA
• B. Following productive rearrangement of variable
  region heavy chain and light chain gene segments
  in germ line DNA.
• C. Following class switching
• D. During affinity maturation
• E. Following binding of T-helper cytokines to
  their receptors.
• F. All of the above

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Question 10

• What was the name of the scientist who along with
  Gerald Edelman won the Nobel prize for deriving
  the structure of antibodies?
• a. Don Henley
• b. Rodney Porter.
• c. Gene Simmons
• d. Art Garfunkel
• e. Deborah Harry