Identification and Biometrics

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Identification and Biometrics

• By
• Jay Eichler

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Introduction

• What is biometrics?
• Types of biometrics
• Controversy
• Interview
• My thoughts
• Conclusion

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What is Biometrics?

• Technique of studying physical characteristics of
  a person such as
• fingerprints, voice, DNA, eyes, face, hand
• Greek for life and measure
• Science and technology of authentication
• by measuring
• physiological features
• behavioral features

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Common Biometrics Methods

• Fingerprinting
• Voice Recognition
• DNA Fingerprinting
• Retinal Scanning
• Iris Scanning
• Face Recognition
• Hand Geometry

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Fingerprinting

• Oldest successful method used
• Early 1800s
• Most commonly used method for
• Forensic evidence tool
• May outperform DNA identification
• Measure ridges and grooves
• Minutiae-based technique
• Maps points
• Correlation-based technique
• Gray-scale representation
• others

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Voice Recognition or Voice Print

• the technology by which
• sounds, words or phrases spoken by humans are
• converted into electrical signals
• signals are transformed into coding patterns
• identified by a computer
• Input commands
• Differentiate a persons voice

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DNA Fingerprinting

• Examine DNA pair sequence
• Near perfect accuracy
• Used for
• Forensic evidence
• Heredity checking
• Family
• evolution
• Future heath advances

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Retinal Scanning

• Scans retina of eye
• Blood vessels behind eye
• 1984- first time used
• Uncomfortable but accurate
• Must be close to machine
• Light in eye for 10-15 seconds
• Must hold head still
• Used in high security areas

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Iris Scanning

• Scans iris of eye
• Unique patterns of colors, rings, specks, etc
• Takes picture of eye
• 1994- Algorithm developed, first used
• Used in James Bond movie in 1980s
• Easy to use
• Stand up to 2 feet away
• Take a few seconds
• Used by airports, prisons, banks

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Face Recognition

• Scan persons face
• Measures certain features
• Jaw, noise, space between eyes
• Not very accurate
• Very expensive
• Used with other biometric devices

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Hand Geometry

• Analysis of a hand
• Uses metal surface
• Small pegs
• Somewhat accurate
• Every hand is not unique
• Use with small database
• Small corporation

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Controversy

• Threat to privacy
• Scanning face, eyes, fingerprints in public
• Fear of new technology
• Scenarios such as placing chip under skin
• May not be as accurate as thought
• Criminals using fake eyes, burning fingerprints,
  etc
• Mistakes could be made
• Place innocent people in jail
• DNA issues
• evolution

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Interview

• Richard Ortiz
• Security Specialist
• Moody Air Force Base
• 2 years
• Asked about
• Biometrics used
• His thoughts

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My Thoughts

• Great possibilities
• More in future
• Make life easier
• Less passwords
• No keys
• Safer future
• I do not think chips will be implanted in people

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Conclusion

• Biometric methods used for centuries
• Most accurate form of identification
• Many methods used
• Great for crime fighting
• Great for security
• Promising future