Title: I.Introduction to Hypertension
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I. Introduction to Hypertension II. Non-pharmaco
logical Therapies III. Physiological Regulation
of BP IV. Pharmacological Therapies A. ?-AdR
blockers B. Diuretics C. Ca channel
blockers D. ACE inhibitors E. CNS
sympatholytics F. Peripheral sympatholytics G.
Vasodilators
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IV. Pharmacological Therapies D. Angiotensin
converting enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors
e.g. captopril, enaolopril, lisinopril
used to treat hypertension
work by acting as competitive inhibitors of ACE
to block the conversion of angiotensin I (not
bioactive) into angiotensin II (AII- bioactive
pressor hormone)
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Stimuli for Renin Release 1) decreased renal
perfusion pressure 2) decreased rate of Na
deliver to the PT ????-AdR-mediated activation by
the SNS
from the Color Atlas p. 125
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6ACE Inhibitors e.g. captopril, enalopril occupy
the active site of ACE and act as false
substrates/competitive inhibitors
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from Brody et al.
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from the Color Atlas, p. 37
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Undesireable side effects include dry cough due
to reduced inactivation of kinins in bronchial
mucosa, proteinuria, edema
Other approaches AII-R antagonists (e.g.
losartin) Renin inhibitors (under development)
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I. Introduction to Hypertension II. Non-pharmaco
logical Therapies III. Physiological Regulation
of BP IV. Pharmacological Therapies A. ?-AdR
blockers B. Diuretics C. Ca channel
blockers D. ACE inhibitors E. CNS
sympatholytics F. Peripheral sympatholytics G.
Nitrate-based Vasodilators
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IV. Pharmacological Therapies G. Nitrate-based
Vasodilators
e.g. nitroglycerin, sodium nitroprusside
used to treat angina
work by dilating both venous and aterial vessels
reduced venous return (cardiac pre-load)
reduced arterial afterload to reduce cardiac
oxygen needs
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Undesireable side effects include headache,
hypotension, circulatory collapse,
nitrate tolerance
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Fig. 17-1 from Brody et al.
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Background on the Mechanism of ACh-induced
Vasodilation to be provided in class
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Fig. 17-2 from Brody et al.
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from Integrated Pharmacology
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from Voet Voet Biochemistry
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from Integrated Pharmacology
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2020
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